长江流域多普勒雷达回波强度资料对比分析

利用2002年夏季长江中下游外场试验中几对双多普勒天气雷达资料，对比分析了同一时间、同一位置的S波段与C波段雷达的CAPPI和部分PPI回波强度资料。分析结果显示，宜昌和荆州雷达回波强度统计分布一致性较好，合肥、马鞍山、无为三部多普勒雷达回波强度统计分布一致性相对较差。回波强度资料的散点图表明，不同雷达回波强度资料之间的相关性较低。另外进一步证实C波段雷达在大范围降水区域需要进行降水的衰减订正。     

郑州市大气气溶胶数浓度和质量浓度时空变化研究

利用激光粒子计数器和颗粒物自动测定仪测量的郑州市大气气溶胶粒子的数浓度和质量浓度,分析了局地气溶胶的干沉降和湿沉降以及郑州市大气气溶胶数浓度和质量浓度的时空变化,结果表明:郑州市局地区域大气气溶胶中粒径≥2μm的粒子,沉降速度随粒径的增大而增大,而粒径≤0.3μm的粒子,沉降速度变化不大;湿沉降率大于干沉降率。气溶胶浓度有明显的日变化特征,17:00-19:00为最高峰,6:00-9:00为次高峰,这是早晨及下午上下班汽车运行高峰期向大气排放的尾气和汽车扬尘所致。在垂直分布上,45-80 m处的粒子数多于1.5 m处的粒子数;在水平分布上,交通建筑区内的浓度高于其他功能区的浓度。     

天津地区地震波速比分区变化特征

利用天津地震台网2002-2007年记录到的天津及周边地区,ML≥1．5地震。在天津及周边地区,按照活动空间分布特征圈定4个区域,采用单事件多台观测资料,对所选区域里的地震事件进行平均波速比值的计算,得到天津地区波速比变化与地震的对应关系。     

Identification of karst features with spectral analysis on the seismic reflection data

The use of high-resolution seismic tools to investigate karst terrain has had limited success due to the ambiguous seismic events caused by lateral heterogeneities of the sedimentary cover, as well as the superimposition of surface waves. To address these problems, a spectral analysis scheme is proposed on the seismic reflection data to characterize karst features in this paper. First, the S-transform is applied to suppress the ground roll. As a type of time–frequency transform, the S-transform provides frequency-dependent resolution while maintaining a direct relationship with the Fourier spectrum. Application of a filter based on the S-transform attenuates ground roll in a time–frequency domain. Then, the continuous wavelet transform is employed for the time–frequency mapping of potential karst features, which are featured as frequency differentiation anomalies. Synthetic model and real-data example validate the efficiency of the spectral analysis scheme for the detection of karst features.     

Sanxicun landslide: an investigation of progressive failure of a gentle bedding slope

Natural Hazards - A gentle bedding slope (16° dip angle) failure at Sanxicun (SXC) village in Dujiangyan city was triggered by heavy rainfall in 2013. The landslide has a sliding distance of...     

Reconstruction of catastrophic outburst floods of the Diexi ancient landslide-dammed lake in the Upper Minjiang River,Eastern Tibetan Plateau

Natural Hazards - Landslide-dammed lake outburst floods (LLOFs) may pose serious safety threats to nearby residents and their livelihoods, as well as cause major damages to the downstream areas in...     

塔里木盆地南缘绿洲带地下水砷氟碘分布及共富集成因

由于地表水资源稀缺,地下水是塔里木盆地南缘绿洲带重要用水水源,因此,系统查明该区地下水砷氟碘的分布及成因至关重要。基于塔里木盆地南缘绿洲带233组地下水水样检测结果,分析不同含水层中高砷、高氟和高碘地下水的空间分布及水化学特征,结合研究区地质、水文地质条件和地下水赋存环境进一步揭示影响地下水砷氟碘的来源、迁移与富集的水文地球化学过程。结果表明:地下水砷、氟、碘浓度变化范围分别为1.091.2 μg/L、0.0128.31 mg/L、10.02 637.0 μg/L。地下水高砷、高氟和高碘水样分别占总水样的7.3%、47.2%和11.6%,砷氟碘共富集占比为3.0%。砷氟碘共富集地下水主要分布于研究区中部的民丰县,水化学类型主要为Cl·SO₄-Na型。自补给区至过渡区再至蒸发区,地下水氟、碘浓度明显增大,砷浓度在过渡区和蒸发区均较大;砷氟碘共富集地下水取样点主要分布于36.060.0 m深度的浅层承压含水层中。浅层地下水受蒸发作用和矿物溶解沉淀作用的影响,随砷氟碘富集项的增多而增大。第四纪成因类型中风积物对氟浓度的影响较大,洪积-湖积物对砷和碘浓度的影响较大。细粒岩性、平缓的地形、地下水浅埋条件、偏碱性的地下水环境、微生物降解作用下有机质介导的矿物溶解是利于砷氟碘共富集的主要机制。     

云南老厂矿区煤层气储层地质条件及其资源潜力

云南老厂矿区煤层气资源丰富,是近年来我国煤层气资源勘探开发的热点区域。针对煤层厚度、储层物性、含气量等储层基本参数特征进行分析,对区域煤层气资源潜力进行评价。结果表明:云南老厂矿区煤层厚度较大、层数较多,煤层顶底板以泥岩、粉砂岩为主,生储盖配置较好;目标煤层孔隙度相对较高,裂隙较为发育,可为煤层气的富集和产出提供良好的条件;主要煤层压力整体上属于常压储层,煤层解吸速率较高;同时煤储层大多处于欠饱和状态,开发过程中需要较长时间的排水降压;老厂矿区雨汪区块埋藏深度小于1 000 m的煤层气资源量为270.93亿m³,资源丰度为3.20亿m³/km²。总体而言,研究区煤层气勘探开发条件较好,具有较大的勘探开发的资源潜力。     

Breakage mechanism and pore evolution characteristics of gangue materials under compression

Acta Geotechnica - Filling of gangue formed in coal mining is an effective means to realize green mining in coal mine. The key of gangue filling mining is to accurately understand the breaking...     

Correlation between grain shape and critical state characteristics of uniformly graded sands: A 3D DEM study

Acta Geotechnica - The multi-scale characteristics of particle morphology, including the overall form, local roundness and surface roughness, affect the critical state behavior of sands and should...