山东牟平邓格庄金矿Ⅱ号脉盲矿体预测地球化学标志

文章总结了邓格庄金矿床Ⅱ号脉元素组合及不同成矿阶段元素含量特征,研究了金矿体的原生晕、石英包裹体气晕-离子晕的轴向分带及其叠加特点,确定了盲矿体预测的原生叠加晕及石英包裹体气晕-离子晕地球化学标志;对深部进行的盲矿体预测取得了较好的效果。     

Stochastic seismic response of structures with added viscoelastic dampers modeled by fractional derivative

Viscoelastic dampers, as supplementary energy dissipation devices, have been used in building structures under seismic excitation or wind loads. Different analytical models have been proposed to describe their dynamic force deformation characteristics. Among these analytical models, the fractional derivative models have attracted more attention as they can capture the frequency dependence of the material stiffness and damping properties observed from tests very well. In this paper, a Fourier-transform-based technique is presented to obtain the fractional unit impulse function and the response of structures with added viscoelastic dampers whose force-deformation relationship is described by a fractional derivative model. Then, a Duhamel integral-type expression is suggested for the response analysis of a fractional damped dynamic system subjected to deterministic or random excitation. Through numerical verification, it is shown that viscoelastic dampers are effective in reducing structural responses over a wide frequency range, and the proposed schemes can be used to accurately predict the stochastic seismic response of structures with added viscoelastic dampers described by a Kelvin model with fractional derivative.     

香港巨牡蛎对3种浮游植物摄食率和滤清率的研究

本文在室内条件下研究了大、中、小3种规格的香港巨牡蛎（Crassostrea hongkongensis）对牟氏角毛藻（Chaetoceros muelleri）、亚心形扁藻（Platymonas subcordiformis）、球等鞭藻（Isochrysis galbana）3种浮游植物在同等密度、同等生物量条件下的摄食率和滤清率,探讨了香港巨牡蛎对3种浮游植物的摄食差异及其影响因素。结果表明,在28℃水温条件下,香港巨牡蛎的单位个体滤清率和单位体质量滤清率分别为1.40~8.94 L/（ind·h）和0.86~3.17 L/（g·h）,等密度和等生物量浮游植物条件下香港巨牡蛎均表现出单位个体滤清率由高到低依次为:大规格、中规格、小规格;不同规格香港巨牡蛎的单位体质量滤清率相近。相同藻类密度条件下,香港巨牡蛎的单位体质量滤清率由高到低依次为:亚心形扁藻、球等鞭金藻、牟氏角毛藻;相同生物量条件下,香港巨牡蛎对3种浮游植物单位体质量滤清率由高到低依次为:球等鞭金藻、亚心形扁藻、牟氏角毛藻。香港巨牡蛎对不同浮游植物种类和密度的滤清率、摄食率差异主要是受饵料的大小、营养质量和密度等因素影响。     

我国台风路径业务预报误差及成因分析

利用2005 2009年中国气象局(CMA)提供的西北太平洋(包括南海)台风路径业务预报资料,比较了各类型台风路径、台风登陆位置及登陆时间的预报误差,登陆台风不同阶段以及华东登陆和华南登陆台风的路径预报误差。结果表明:CMA在2005 2009年的路径预报水平与1999 2003年的相比有了显著提高。平均南海台风预报误差大于西北太平洋。异常路径台风主要出现于南海,三个预报时效(24、48和72 h)异常路径的预报误差平均都小于正常路径。将登陆台风分为远海、登陆期间和登陆后三个阶段,显示登陆期间台风预报误差最大,同一阶段华南登陆台风的预报误差大于华东登陆台风。台风登陆位置在24、48和72 h预报时效的平均预报误差分别为71.1、122.6和210.6 km,48和72 h台风实际登陆时间有70%早于预报时间,平均分别提早8和12 h。比较大尺度引导气流与台风移动的偏差及24 h路径预报误差,得到南海三种典型登陆台风路径的大尺度引导气流与台风移动的偏差及其与路径预报误差的关系不一样,即误差成因不同。南海倒抛物线型的大尺度引导气流与台风移动的偏差最大,其预报误差最小;西一西北型的大尺度引导气流与台风移动的偏差最小,其预报误差最大,可能与大尺度环流预报准确性差有关。登陆华东的预报误差小于登陆华南台风的预报误差,这与台风登陆华南时其大尺度引导气流和台风移动的偏差大于登陆华东的台风有关。     

黑龙江省五大连池、科洛、二克山火山群富钾火山岩中的浅色矿物

本区富钾火山岩中浅色矿物有碱性长石、白榴石和霞石。碱性长石主要为钠透长石、钙歪长石,少数为钙钠透长石和歪长石,其光性变化与长石的地质时代和长石内部的隐条纹结构有关。白榴石的成分及产出方式主要与岩石中的SiO_2含量有关,SiO_2不饱和程度大的白榴苦橄岩的白榴石贫SiO_2;而SiO_2不饱和程度低的白榴碧玄岩和白榴玄武岩中,白榴石富SiO_2而稍贫K_2O+Na_2O,仅见于过渡相,而中心相由于水压较高和近于平衡的结晶条件,白榴石不能晶出,或先晶出后又与熔体反应形成碱性长石。     

利用声波时差计算储层流体压力和储层流体势分析

声波时差与泥岩压实特性有密切的相关关系,在不同的压实条件下,可以运用声波时差与储层流体压力的关系,计算储层的流体压力,储层流体势可以用Hubbtert公式计算。按照渗流力学的理论,地下天然气的运移从流体势高的地区指向低势区,并在低势区合适的部位聚集。根据以上观点并结合东濮凹陷深部天然气储层特点,对这一地区深部天然气储层某一孔隙带的流体势分布和成藏规律进行了预测。     

Laboratory measurement of compaction-induced permeability change in porous rocks: Implications for the generation and maintenance of pore pressure excess in the crust

Permeability exerts significant control over the development of pore pressure excess in the crust, and it is a physical quantity sensitively dependent on the pore structure and stress state. In many applications, the relation between permeability and effective mean stress is assumed to be exponential and that between permeability and porosity is assumed to be a power law, so that the pressure sensitivity of permeability is characterized by the coefficient and the porosity sensitivity by the exponent . In this study, we investigate experimentally the dependence of permeability on pressure and porosity in five sandstones with porosities ranging from 14% to 35% and we review published experimental data on intact rocks, unconsolidated materials and rock fractures. The laboratory data show that the pressure and porosity sensitivities differ significantly for different compaction mechanisms, but for a given compaction mechanism, the data can often be approximated by the empirical relations. The permeabilities of tight rocks and rock joints show relatively high pressure sensitivity and low porosity sensitivity. A wide range of values for and have been observed in relation to the mechanical compaction of porous rocks, sand and fault gouge, whereas the porosity sensitivity for chemical compaction processes is often observed to be given by 3. We show that since the ratio / corresponds to the pore compressibility, the different dependences of permeability on porosity and pressure are related to the pore structure and its compressibility. Guided by the laboratory data, we conduct numerical simulations on the development of pore pressure in crustal tectonic settings according to the models ofWalder andNur (1984) andRice (1992). Laboratory data suggest that the pressure sensitivity of fault gouge is relatively low, and to maintain pore pressure at close to the lithostatic value in the Rice model, a relatively high influx of fluid from below the seismogenic layer is necessary. The fluid may be injected as vertically propagating pressure pulses into the seismogenic system, andRice's (1992) critical condition for the existence of solitary wave is shown to be equivalent to >1, which is satisfied by most geologic materials in the laboratory. Laboratory data suggest that the porosity sensitivity is relatively high when the permeability is reduced by a coupled mechanical and chemical compaction process. This implies that in a crustal layer, pore pressure may be generated more efficiently than cases studied byWalder andNur (1984) who assumed a relatively low porosity sensitivity of =2.     

盐城市基础测绘成果数据更新与共享机制的研究

从盐城的实际出发,着重探讨基础测绘数据更新维护机制的建立,数据更新及其维护方式、方法、经费来源以及地理信息数据资源共建共享机制的研究。     

浅谈当宜高速公路膨胀土性质与路基稳定问题

当宜高速公路沿线存在有大量膨胀土, 为使其加固方案合理, 避免滑坡、塌方等现象的发生, 结合当宜高速公路膨胀土试验研究及稳定性分析, 对沿线膨胀土性质与路基稳定问题进行了分析探讨, 并提出了有针对性的处治方案.