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41.
城市大型商业设施交通影响分析 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
介绍了交通影响分析和交通影响费的有关概念和内容,并结合武汉市大型公建项目交通影响分析,以城市大型商业设施为例加以探讨,对今后在我国城市中开展此项工作可起到一定的参考作用 相似文献
42.
Jianwu?TangEmail author G?Richard?Whittecar Karen?H?Johannesson W?Lee?Daniels 《Geochemical transactions》2004,5(4):49
Backfills of dredged sediments onto a former sand and gravel mine site in Charles City County, VA may have the potential to
contaminate local groundwater. To evaluate the mobility of trace elements and to identify the potential contaminants from
the dredged sediments, a sequential extraction scheme was used to partition trace elements associated with the sediments from
the local aquifer and the dredged sediments into five fractions: exchangeable, acidic, reducible, oxidizable, and residual
phases. Sequential extractions indicate that, for most of the trace elements examined, the residual phases account for the
largest proportion of the total concentrations, and their total extractable fractions are mainly from reducible and oxidizable
phases. Only Cd, Pb, and Zn have an appreciable extractable proportion from the acidic phase in the filled dredged sediments.
Our groundwater monitoring data suggest that the dredged sediments are mainly subject to a decrease in pH and a series of oxidation reactions, when exposed to the atmosphere. Because the trace elements released by carbonate dissolution
and the oxidation (e.g., organic matter degradation, iron sulfide and, ammonia oxidation) are subsequently immobilized by
sorption to iron, manganese, and aluminum oxides, no potential contaminants to local groundwater are expected by addition
of the dredged sediments to this site. 相似文献
43.
HAN Hongzhu BAI Jianjun MA Gao YAN Jianwu WANG Xiaohui TA Zhijie WANG Pengtao 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2022,(2):340-357
With global warming,the great changes in the patterns of plant growth have occurred.The conditions in early spring and late autumn have changed the process of v... 相似文献
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The ability of organic matter as well as carbonate ions to extract rare earth elements (REEs) from sandy sediments of a Coastal Plain aquifer was investigated for unpurified organic matter from different sources (i.e., Mississippi River natural organic matter, Aldrich humic acid, Nordic aquatic fulvic acid, Suwannee River fulvic acid, and Suwannee River natural organic matter) and for extraction solutions containing weak (i.e., CH3COO−) or strong (i.e., ) ligands. The experimental results indicate that, in the absence of strong REE complexing ligands in solution, the amount of REEs released from the sand is small and the fractionation pattern of the released REEs appears to be controlled by the surface stability constants for REE sorption with Fe(III) oxides/oxyhydroxides. In the presence of strong solution complexing ligands, however, the amount and the fractionation pattern of the released REEs reflect the strength and variation of the stability constants of the dominant aqueous REE species across the REE series. The varying amount of REEs extracted by the different organic matter employed in the experiments indicates that organic matter from different sources has different complexing capacity for REEs. However, the fractionation pattern of REEs extracted by the various organic matter used in our experiments is remarkable consistent, being independent of the source and the concentration of organic matter used, as well as solution pH. Because natural aquifer sand and unpurified organic matter were used in our experiments, our experimental conditions are more broadly similar to natural systems than many previous laboratory experiments of REE-humic complexation that employed purified humic substances. Our results suggest that the REE loading effect on REE-humic complexation is negligible in natural waters as more abundant metal cations (e.g., Fe, Al) out-compete REEs for strong binding sites on organic matter. More specifically, our results indicate that REE complexation with organic matter in natural waters is dominated by REE binding to weak sites on dissolved organic matter, which subsequently leads to a middle REE (MREE: Sm-Ho)-enriched fractionation pattern. The experiments also indicate that carbonate ions may effectively compete with fulvic acid in binding with dissolved REEs, but cannot out compete humic acids for REEs. Therefore, in natural waters where low molecular weight (LMW) dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the predominant form of DOC (e.g., lower Mississippi River water), REEs occur as “truly” dissolved species by complexing with carbonate ions as well as FA, resulting in heavy REE (HREE: Er-Lu)-enriched shale-normalized fractionation patterns. Whereas, in natural terrestrial waters where REE speciation is dominated by organic complexes with high molecular weight DOC (e.g., “colloidal” HA), only MREE-enriched fractionation patterns will be observed because the more abundant, weak sites preferentially complex MREEs relative to HREEs and light REEs (LREEs: La-Nd). 相似文献
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48.
肃南地震台形变观测资料干扰识别与排除 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
收集整理甘肃省地震局肃南地震台形变数字化观测资料,对降雨、大风、人员进出、仪器调零、断电或者电压不稳定,以及其他仪器故障等因素造成的干扰进行分析;为数字化资料的利用、各种干扰的识别以及捕捉地震短临异常,提供可借鉴的实例. 相似文献
49.
植被指数对旱灾的响应研究—以中国西南地区2009年—2010年特大干旱为例 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
基于中国西南地区5个省(市)2001年—2010年期间由中分辨率成像光谱仪MODIS影像资料反演得到的归一化植被指数NDVI产品数据和区内气象站点的连续观测资料,提取了研究区内各气象站点印迹区的NDVI值,计算了降水距平百分率Pa和D指数(降水量与潜在蒸散量之差)这两种气象干旱指数。依据全国植被类型图(2000年版),对研究区内的主要植被类型在季节时间尺度上开展了这两种气象干旱指数与距平NDVI的相关性分析。研究结果表明:距平NDVI对D指数的最大响应滞后约一个月,在此尺度上表现出明显的线性相关性,所选取的6个季度的相关系数均接近或大于0.7,显著性水平小于0.01;对干旱敏感的植被类型如旱地和草地等,表现出更显著的相关性,其相关系数分别达到了0.83和0.71(平均);在干旱季节,D指数与距平NDVI表现出较为一致的空间分异规律,而Pa指数仅在旱情比较严重的情况下或对干旱比较敏感的植被类型区与距平NDVI表现出一致性分布。 相似文献
50.
Stable oxygen isotopic fractionation during inorganic calcite precipitation was experimentally studied by spontaneous precipitation at various pH (8.3 < pH < 10.5), precipitation rates (1.8 < log R < 4.4 μmol m− 2 h− 1) and temperatures (5, 25, and 40 °C) using the CO2 diffusion technique.The results show that the apparent stable oxygen isotopic fractionation factor between calcite and water (αcalcite–water) is affected by temperature, the pH of the solution, and the precipitation rate of calcite. Isotopic equilibrium is not maintained during spontaneous precipitation from the solution. Under isotopic non-equilibrium conditions, at a constant temperature and precipitation rate, apparent 1000lnαcalcite–water decreases with increasing pH of the solution. If the temperature and pH are held constant, apparent 1000lnαcalcite–water values decrease with elevated precipitation rates of calcite. At pH = 8.3, oxygen isotopic fractionation between inorganically precipitated calcite and water as a function of the precipitation rate (R) can be described by the expressionsat 5, 25, and 40 °C, respectively.The impact of precipitation rate on 1000lnαcalcite–water value in our experiments clearly indicates a kinetic effect on oxygen isotopic fractionation during calcite precipitation from aqueous solution, even if calcite precipitated slowly from aqueous solution at the given temperature range. Our results support Coplen's work [Coplen T. B. (2007) Calibration of the calcite–water oxygen isotope geothermometer at Devils Hole, Nevada, a natural laboratory. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 71, 3948–3957], which indicates that the equilibrium oxygen isotopic fractionation factor might be greater than the commonly accepted value. 相似文献