顾及地形的城市三维可视化方法研究

介绍了三维房屋重建与城市可视化方法研究和应用模块开发的初步成果。在一般二维不规则三角网的基础上,发展了有确定边界条件下的二维不规则三角网,通过对顾及地形的铅直墙面和不规则屋顶的分别构网和合成,形成建筑物的表面不规则三角网,消去共面条件下的公共边后,实现了顾及地形的的城市房屋重建。     

青海省特大滑坡分布特征及影响因素

青海省是我国滑坡灾害密集发育地区之一,在青藏高原与黄土高原过渡带内的湟水、黄河谷地带,特大型红层滑坡密度之高、规模之大,实属罕见.本文阐述了青海滑坡分布特征,分析了其特大滑坡发生的原因,提出了相应的防护治理措施建议.     

Genetic feature selection for texture classification

This paper presents a novel approach to feature subset selection using genetic algorithms. This approach has the ability to accommodate multiple criteria such as the accuracy and cost of classification into the process of feature selection and finds the effective feature subset for texture classification. On the basis of the effective feature subset selected, a method is described to extract the objects which are higher than their surroundings, such as trees or forest, in the color aerial images. The methodology presented in this paper is illustrated by its application to the problem of trees extraction from aerial images.     

基于立体图像的牙体重定位分析

介绍了一套对真人牙体进行立体定位、跟踪的方法和系统.在该系统中,运用了计算机视觉的方法解算牙体运动过程中的旋转、偏移量,从而为下一步的医学研究提供依据.实验结果表明,该方法具有直观、简便、快速、精度高等特点,还可推广到其他应用领域.     

Indium Mineralization in Copper–Tin Stratiform Skarn Ores at the Saishitang–Rilonggou Ore Field,Qinghai, Northwest China

The Saishitang–Rilonggou Ore Field (SROF), which includes the Saishitang, Tongyugou, and Rilonggou ore deposits as well as other scattered occurrences, is located in the Elashan region in Qinghai Province, and is a significant Cu–Sn ore field in NW China. These ores are hosted in stratiform skarn deposits with the main metals being Cu and Sn, as well as Zn, Pb, Au, Ag, and trace elements (e.g. Ga, Ge, Se, and In). Bulk‐rock geochemical analyses of 50 ore samples from the three deposits show that In contents in the Saishitang deposit range from 0.03 to 39 ppm (average 12.7 ppm, n = 19), with 1000 In/Zn values that vary from >0.01 to 29.83 (average 4.29). Indium contents in the Tongyugou deposit vary from 7.51 to 131 ppm (average 28.37 ppm, n = 13), with 1000 In/Zn values from 0.74 to 48 (average 17.55). Finally, indium contents in the Rilonggou deposit vary from 0.73 to 120 ppm (average 36.15 ppm, n = 18), with 1000 In/Zn values from 0.33 to 47 (average 8.52). Indium is hosted mainly in sphalerite, while some other In‐bearing minerals (e.g., roquesite, stannoidite, and stannite) are present locally within the ore field. Roquesite, which replace or fill bornite, occurs in bornite‐rich ores in the Saishitang deposit. This is the first reported Chinese locality of roquesite. Based on previously reported Zn resources, a total of 136 tons of In is calculated to be hosted in the SROF, with 30, 66, and 40 tons of In attributed to the Saishitang, Tongyugou, and Rilonggou deposits, respectively. The differences in indium contents among the deposits and their respective geological histories and characteristics suggest that the origin of indium relates to volcanogenic metallogenesis in an early Permian volcano‐sedimentary basin. Based on the evaluation of In resources, future mining operations should include the recovery of indium in the Tongyugou and Rilonggou deposits.     

Precipitation and temperature trends for the Southwest China: 1960–2007

Daily temperature and precipitation data from 136 stations of Southwest China (SWC) during the last five decades, from 1960 to 2007, were analysed to determine the spatial and temporal trends by using the Mann–Kendall trend test. Results show that SWC has become warmer over the last five decades, especially in the recent 20–25 years. The increasing trends in winter months are more significant than those in the months of other seasons, and spatially Tibet, Hengduan mountains area and west Sichuan Plateau have larger temperature trend in magnitude than the other regions have. A downward trend was detected in Sichuan Basin also, but the region with cooler temperature was shrinking due to the statistically significant increasing trend of temperature after 1990s. Both annual and seasonal means of daily maximum and minimum temperatures show an increasing trend, but trend magnitude of minimum temperature was larger than that of maximum temperature, resulting in the decrease of diurnal temperature range for SWC in the last 50 years. Annual precipitation showed slightly and statistically insignificant increasing trend, but statistically significant increasing trend has been detected in winter season while autumn witnessed a statistically significant decreasing trend. The results could be a reference for the planning and management of water resources under climate change. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

土壤水分监测仪器野外对比测试分析研究

近年来,随着抗旱工作的全面深入开展,土壤墒情监测工作日益得到重视。鉴于目前我国土壤墒情自动监测工作起步较晚,部分省(自治区、直辖市)试点建设的墒情自动监测系统的监测数据准确性、稳定性不高等问题,水利部水文局组织对目前在国内应用的国内外主要土壤水分传感器开展了两期土壤水分监测仪器野外对比测试分析研究。根据两期比测研究成果,结合近年来土壤墒情监测工作经验,提出了比测技术方法、评估技术指标,初步分析了不同产品性能,并进一步探讨提出了提高土壤水分监测仪器产品质量和土壤墒情监测数据可靠性的建议。     

The geochemical multi-fractal characteristics and mineralization of the Dehelongwa copper-gold deposit

The spatial distribution of ore-forming elements is the result of interaction and influence among multiple factors in the process of mineralization, and is the specific embodiment of non-linearity and coupling of mineralization. The fractal theory has such functions as to characterize non-lineariry and coupling, and can find out the deterministic law from the complicated coupling process. The primary geochemical fractal distribution of metallogenic elements such as Cu and Au possesses the characteristics of multi-fractal distribution in the Dehelongwa copper-gold deposit. Copper follows 2-d fractal distribution, and Au follows 3- or 4-d fractal distribution. The primary geo- chemical fractal distribution has a certain similarity on the same prospecting line, and this similarity is not obvious among different prospecting lines. The secondary geochemical fractal distribution of Cu and Au is higher in similar- ity, and simpler than the primary geochemical fractal distribution. These results show that the mineralization of Cu and Au is out of sync and also is inconsistent in this deposit, and the mineralization of Cu mainly experienced two mineralization stages, while the mineralization of Au experienced three to four mineralization stages. Besides the mineralization of Cu and Au shows a certain direction and along the strike of vertical orebodies it is relatively bal- anced. While along the strike of the ore bodies the mineralization of Cu and Au shows a significant difference. The hypergenic geologic process has a certain effect on the balance of spatial distribution of Cu and Au. From these it can be seen that the mineralization process of this deposit is well characterized by the geochemical fractal distribu- tion of Cu and Au.     

羌塘盆地中央隆起带南侧隆额尼—昂达尔错布曲组古油藏白云岩特征及成因机制

以系统的剖面测制及室内综合研究为基础,系统总结了隆额尼—昂达而错古油藏白云岩的矿物学、晶体学、岩石组构、沉积相、碳和氧同位素及流体包裹体等特征,在该区白云岩中发现了完整的交代鲕粒结构。该区白云岩的典型组构为交代残余结构、雾心亮边结构、等厚环边胶结及世代生长结构,白云岩化集中在台地边缘浅滩、潮坪及台地边缘藻丘礁;白云石晶体有序度总体较高,白云岩δ13C和δ18O值较伴生灰岩偏高,白云岩形成时盐度低于正常海水盐度,温度t高于地表平均温度;白云岩中包裹体含量少而小,均一温度均从白云岩中后期充填方解石脉中获取,其均一温度的两个区间与该区两次大的构造运动及油气生成、运聚过程吻合,白云岩形成于油气注入之前。各种特征均反映出该区白云岩为混合水交代成因,研究丰富了对该古油藏白云岩特征及白云岩成因机制的认识。     

新疆博格达—哈尔里克山晚新生代压扭性变形与隆起成山

压扭性走滑变形是陆内变形的最主要构造样式之一,并且是陆内造山系统得以形成的最基本构造样式。位于天山东部的博格达—哈尔里克山链,横亘在吐哈盆地和准噶尔盆地之间,是研究新生代山脉形成理想的野外实验室。本文结合压扭造山带的研究,通过野外地质填图、遥感解译和DEM分析,裂变径迹测试等研究,确认博格达—哈尔里克山与山脉隆起相关的断裂构造主要为北东东向和北西西向压扭性走滑断裂,认为它是晚新生代压扭造山带(transpressional orogen)。主要证据是:首先博格达—哈尔里克山与山脉隆起相关的构造变形为北东东70°走向和北西西290°走向,山脉两侧呈现向盆地方向的逆冲冲断构造,体现了近南北向为构造主压应力场特点;其次天池河床砂岩屑AFT分析出的年龄峰值集中在42.8 Ma(62.8%)、18.8 Ma(29.0%)、3.2 Ma(8.2%),表明样品所代表的流域地质体在42.8 Ma、18.8Ma、3.2 Ma经历了3次冷却事件。依据裂变径迹等年龄投影圈闭图显示博格达山裂变径迹年龄存在中间新,两边老的特点。基于相同的大地构造背景,压扭造山模式也可以解释整个天山晚新生代山脉强烈隆升。