A Primary Observation on Palynofacies of the Chuangde Section (Late Jurassic-Cretaceous), Gyangzê, Southern Tibet

A primary study on palynofacies, which concerns the paleoenvironments from the sight of association of sedimentary organic matter preserved in sedimentary rocks, is conducted for a Late Jurassic-Cretaceous succession at Gyangzê, southern Tibet. Two palynofacies are recognized, which are formed in different sedimentary environments. The one in the pelagic is infertile in organic productivity and monotonous in component and is dominated by AOMA, while the other, being closely bound up with the slope, is characterized by abundant black phytoclasts that are possibly of algal origin and contains much AOM. The influence of terrestrial input is clear in the latter, for particles generated from terrestrial plants are common. A number of fossil spores and pollen together with some dinocysts are discovered, but they are normally in a bad condition of preservation. Nevertheless, this convinces us that the late Jurassic-Cretaceous succession in the Gyangzê area has a potential for palynological stratigraphy. We have also proved that the volume of PM can achieve similar results in presenting the productivity of organic matter as the weight of TOC does. This technique is much easier in the laboratory than that we do with TOC.     

基于岩溶水动态的岩溶地面塌陷预测预报方法

由于突发性、影响因素多样性等特点,岩溶地面塌陷的预测预报目前只能做到区域上的危险区划定,而不能实现危险区内何时、何处发生塌陷的预测预报。已有岩溶地面塌陷调查结果表明,岩溶地面塌陷的发生是有前兆的,即附近水井会提前出现水位波动大、水浑浊等现象。本文据此提出了建立健全岩溶水监测网络,对岩溶水位、水量、浊度及主要化学组分等指标进行实时动态监测,结合岩溶水流向等参数,实现短时间（数小时至数日）、小范围（小于监测网络间距）的较高精度岩溶地面塌陷预测预报的方法,并以山东省莱芜市孟家庄地区为例做了简要说明。      

鄂尔多斯盆地纳岭沟地区含铀目的层岩石矿物学特征及其对成岩作用、物源等方面的指示

纳岭沟铀矿床位于鄂尔多斯盆地东北部伊陕单斜构造区,其成矿主岩为中侏罗统直罗组下段下亚段.通过野外地质调查、岩芯编录,结合岩矿鉴定、X-衍射、电子探针及扫描电镜等方法,详细研究了该区目的层砂岩碎屑组分、结构及矿物蚀变特征,并初步探讨了其物源及源区构造背景、砂岩绿色成因、成岩作用等特征.结果表明纳岭沟地区含铀砂岩类型以长石岩屑砂岩为主,其成分及结构成熟度均较低,成岩作用较弱,表现为弱压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用以及部分重结晶作用.大量在粒表呈薄膜状及粒间充填的绿泥石等粘土矿物是砂岩呈绿色调的主因.物源可能来自于盆地北缘阴山造山带的太古宙—元古宙变质岩系以及显生宙岩浆岩.其蚀变矿物组合及期次为草莓状黄铁矿—自生高岭石—绿泥石薄膜+粒间绿泥石—铀石+细分散/脉状黄铁矿—亮晶方解石—方解石脉,其成岩环境经历了弱酸性—酸性还原—弱酸弱碱/氧化还原过渡阶段—碱性还原阶段,而砂岩型铀矿的形成与氧化还原—酸碱性过渡成岩环境变化密切相关.     

月球岩石圈弹性厚度研究进展

月球热演化研究需要丰富的月表热流数据。当前唯一的月表热流数据不完全可靠,单一数据也不足代表月球全球热流特征,通过月球岩石圈弹性厚度估算月表热流将会是有效的替代方案。针对弹性厚度估算的问题,概要回顾了以往估算的研究方法和成果,并对近年来利用重力地形导纳估算弹性厚度的理论方法进行了详细的介绍。近年来的研究结果表明月球全球岩石圈的T_e可能较小,暗示月表地形形成于岩石圈冷却前较长的一段时间。个别研究成功地估算了个别质量瘤盆地的T_e,但大部分质量瘤盆地的较难估算,这不仅与质量瘤盆地复杂物理过程有关,还可能与岩石圈复杂的补偿机制有关。由于T_e仅仅是岩石圈强弱的表征,不同研究方法得出的T_e值存在差异是可能的。随着后续探月活动的开展,与国际社会合作布设月球热流载荷,结合后续研究对月球内部结构、月壳和月幔流变学特征的丰富认识,有望优化现有T_e估算的理论与方法,进而为全球热流估算及热演化研究提供约束。     

试论引黄灌区水资源合理利用─—以高青县引黄灌区为例

本文以高青县引黄灌区为例，从灌区水资源利用量计算、水资源合理调配以及加强管理与节流三方面论述了灌区在水资源利用中应遵循的方法和原则。     

宁夏智能化综合气象业务服务共享管理平台设计与实现

文章按照标准化、集约化、智能化的理念,基于云端部署技术,提出了宁夏智能化综合气象业务服务共享管理平台的设计思路和总体架构,建设了宁夏气象基础数据库、业务产品库、服务产品库,构建了业务产品自动化生成系统、服务产品智能化制作系统、服务信息智慧型发布系统和信息共享与管理系统。通过数据存储、数据服务接口、数据资源管理、数据加工流程的标准化,设计了以标准化体系为基础的集约化数据环境。通过数据环境集约和业务系统集约,设计了以数据驱动为特征的集约化产品加工系统,形成统一的数据加工流水线。突出智能化要求,设计了以智能化为目标的数据分析算法和智能化系统运行控制,并在业务产品自动化生成、服务产品智能化制作、服务信息智慧型发布方面进行了探索。平台设计理念先进,技术前沿,流程简洁,功能完备,运行高效,充分体现了数据资源标准化、业务系统集约化和计算运行智能化的要求,平台的开发建设将极大地推进宁夏气象现代化进程,对于发展智慧气象具有重要的参考价值。     

岩石圈塑性流动波的实验研究(Ⅰ)

实验采用了适当配比的塑化松香 ,模拟岩石圈延性层 ,研究边界驱动条件下塑性流动波的传播过程。实验表明 ,塑性流动波类似于粘性重力波 ,并有“快波”和“慢波”之分 ,二者分别由主波和辅波叠加而成。主波类似于孤立波或涌波。根据相似原理 ,“快波”主波的外推波速约为 0 .12～2 .5km/a ,在波速量级上大致相当或接近于岩石圈下层某些控制地震迁移的塑性流动波     

Application of the Geo-Anomaly Unit Concept in Quantitative Delineation and Assessment of Gold Ore Targets in Western Shandong Uplift Terrain,Eastern China

A number of large and giant ore deposits have been discovered within the relatively small areas of lithospheric structure anomalies, including various boundary zones of tectonic plates. The regions have become the well-known intercontinental ore-forming belts, such as the circum-Pacific gold–copper, copper–molybdenum, and tungsten–tin metallogenic belts. These belts are typical geological anomalous areas. An investigation into the hydrothermal ore deposits in different regions in the former Soviet Union illustrated that the geologic structures of ore fields of almost all major commercial deposits have distinct features compared with the neighboring areas. These areas with distinct features are defined as geo-anomalies. A geo-anomaly refers to such a geologic body or a combination of bodies that their composition, texture–structure, and genesis are significantly different from those of their surroundings. A geo-anomaly unit (GU) is an area containing distinct features that can be delineated with integrated ore-forming information using computer techniques on the basis of the geo-anomaly concept. Herein, the GU concept is illustrated by a case study of delineating the gold ore targets in the western Shandong uplift terrain, eastern China. It includes: (1) analyses of gold ore-forming factors; (2) compilation of normalized regional geochemical map and extraction of geochemical anomalies; (3) compilation of gravitational and aeromagnetic tectonic skeleton map and extraction of gravitational and aeromagnetic anomalies; (4) extraction of circular and linear anomalies from remote-sensing Landsat TM images; (5) establishment of a geo-anomaly conceptual model associated with known gold mineralization; (6) establishment of gold ore-forming favorability by computing techniques; and (7) delineation and assessment of ore-forming units. The units with high favorability are suggested as ore targets.     

咸潮入侵对长江河口地区地下水质的影响

长江河口咸潮入侵对上海市自来水源水水质带来不良影响,从而殃及水厂产水质量而不利于生产和市民健康,这在上海市宝山区表现尤为显著。然而,宝山区地下承压含水层水质优良,资源丰富,且水质稳定,不受咸潮入侵影响。经研究,在不产生地面沉降危害等前提条件下,宝山区尚可扩采500万米~3/年优质地下水。     

上海地区新构造隐伏活动断裂的标志──石灰华

上海地区沿基岩断裂带表面,有零星分布的石灰华,成因与泉水(温泉)活动有关,形成时代下限为新第三纪晚期,上限为第四纪更新世早期。本文初步确定,区内自新第三纪晚期以来,具有活动性的隐伏断裂,除北北东向及近东西向的两组断裂外,还新发现一组北西西向活动性显著的断裂,它们均与石灰华分布有着密切的关系,这种现象与山区新构造活动断裂带的特征相似。区内分布的石灰华,可以作为识别隐伏活动断裂的标志。