Partial function prediction of sulfate-reducing bacterial community from the rhizospheres of two typical coastal wetland plants in China

Sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB)are ubiquitous anaerobic microorganisms that play signifi cant roles in the global biogeochemical cycle.Coastal wetlands,one of the major habitats of SRB,exhibit high sulfate-reducing activity and thus play signifi cant roles in organic carbon remineralization,benthic geochemical action,and plant-microbe interactions.Recent studies have provided credible evidence that the functional rather than the taxonomic composition of microbes responds more closely to environmental factors.Therefore,in this study,functional gene prediction based on PacBio single molecular real-time sequencing of 16S rDNA was applied to determine the sulfate-reducing and organic substrate-decomposing activities of SRB in the rhizospheres of two typical coastal wetland plants in North and South China:Zostera japonica and Scirpus mariqueter.To this end,some physicochemical characteristics of the sediments as well as the phylogenetic structure,community composition,diversity,and proportions of several functional genes of the SRB in the two plant rhizospheres were analyzed.The Z.japonic a meadow had a higher dissimilatory sulfate reduction capability than the S.mariqueter-comprising saltmarsh,owing to its larger proportion of SRB in the microbial community,larger proportions of functional genes involved in dissimilatory sulfate reduction,and the stronger ability of the SRB to degrade organic substrates completely.This study confi rmed the feasibility of applying microbial community function prediction in research on the metabolic features of SRB,which will be helpful for gaining new knowledge of the biogeochemical and ecological roles of these bacteria in coastal wetlands.     

中国锰矿资源特征及潜力预测

中国的锰矿资源丰富,截止到2016年,保有储量达15.5亿t,位居世界第六位。中国锰矿主要集中分布在南方的泛扬子古陆、北部的燕辽、西部的天山和祁连山等地区。中新元古代、早古生代（寒武纪、奥陶纪）、晚古生代-早中生代是中国锰矿形成的重要时代。在锰矿成矿规律研究的基础上,提出了如下方案：（1）以成矿作用作为一级分类要素,含矿岩系作为二级分类要素的8种成因类型划分方案;（2）根据锰资源潜力评价工作需要,将成因类型和工业类型相结合,以成矿作用和预测要素为一级要素,含矿岩系为二级要素的3种预测类型划分方案。其中,海相沉积型、风化壳型和古天然气渗漏沉积型锰矿是中国具有找矿潜力的主要锰矿床类型。基于此,将全国锰矿划分为11个Ⅲ级锰矿成矿带,对优选出的7个主要锰矿远景区的含锰层位、成矿特征、主攻类型、资源潜力进行了分析。最后,针对目前中国锰矿资源面临的问题,提出了下一步工作部署的建议和意见。     

浙江苍南无居民海岛岩相潮间带生物群落多样性研究

为了解浙江苍南海域无居民海岛岩相潮间带生物群落组成与结构,于2019年3月对该海域内11个无居民海岛进行了潮间带生物调查,对采集到的样品进行鉴定,并计算了栖息密度、生物量和生物多样性指数。11个无居民海岛共鉴定出58种潮间带生物,平均栖息密度和平均生物量分别为857±205 ind/m2和2 847.83±1 032.50 g/m2,各断面的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H′、Pielou均匀度指数J和Margalef丰富度指数D范围分别为1.07~1.61, 0.66~0.83和0.54~1.30。与大陆沿岸潮间带相比,无居民海岛生态系统独特,拥有更多的生物资源,具有重要的生态价值,需要重视并加强保护。     

基于可持续发展背景下的海岛城市规划研究——以舟山群岛为例

实施海洋可持续发展与海岛振兴战略是我国建设海洋强国的重大课题之一,当前中国“一带一路”建设的推进和粤港澳大湾区、海南自由贸易港的战略部署,都为大型海岛城市的发展带来了重大机遇。舟山市是我国第一大群岛城市,地处长江口要冲,是长三角一体化发展国家战略和国际级群岛新区的交汇地,对于建设全球海洋中心城市有着极大的发展空间和示范区探索意义。文章将在分析舟山群岛的地理区位、资源环境、生态系统、人文历史现状基础上,对标国家战略定位,探讨其存在的问题并结合国外海岛成功的开发经验,提出促进舟山群岛全面发展的对策和建议,从交叉学科角度提出需要优先关注海洋生态文明建设、以海定陆的流域统筹发展、智慧绿色港口建立等研究方向的建议,以便为丰富重要窗口的科学与技术内涵、舟山群岛“十四五”规划实施提供参考。     

Study of elastic-plastic damage model of cement consolidated soil with high organic content

On the basis of elastic-plastic damage model of cement consolidated soil, the authors took organic contents into reasonable damage variable evolution equation in order to seek relation between the organic contents and parameters in the equation, and established the elastic-plastic damage model of cement consolidated soil considering organic contents. The results show that the parameters change correspondingly with difference of the organic contents. The higher the organic contents are, the less the valves of the parameters such as elastic modulus （E）, material parameters （K, n） and damage evolution parameter （ε） become, but the larger strain damage threshold value （εd） of the sample is. Meanwhile, the calculation results obtained from established model are compared with the test data in the condition of common indoors test, which is testified with reliability.     

一种新的混合迭代UKF

从统计线性回归的角度对无味变换(unscented transformation,UT)进行分析,推导了迭代无味卡尔曼滤波(iterated unscented Kalman filter,IUKF)。针对IUKF计算量大的问题,结合弦线迭代法和IUKF,得到了一种新的混合迭代无味卡尔曼滤波器。数值仿真的结果表明,新滤波算法的精度优于扩展卡尔曼滤波、迭代扩展卡尔曼滤波和无味卡尔曼滤波,并可以有效降低IUKF的计算量。     

云南天文台四波段太阳射电望远镜群天线伺服系统数控化自动化工程

本文详细介绍了云南天文台四波段射电望远镜天线群伺服控制系统的改造和更新技术。采用TP—801A型单板机和步进电机数控系统代替了原来的机械系统,从而实现了数控化和自动化。     

Recent Study of the Changjiang Fault Zone

The Changjiang fault zone, also known as the Mufushan-Jiaoshan fault, is a famous fault located at the southern bank of the Changjiang River, near the Nanjing downtown area. Based on multidisciplinary data from shallow artificial seismic explorations in the target detecting area (Nanjing city and the nearby areas), trenching and drilling explorations, classification of Quaternary strata and chronology dating data, this paper provides the most up-to-date results regarding activities of the Changjiang fault zone, including the most recent active time, activity nature, related active parameters, and their relation to seismic activity.     

GM(1,1)模型初始条件优化及其在GNSS钟差预报中的应用

针对现有改进GM(1,1)模型在导航卫星钟差预报中性能无明显提升的问题,提出通过优化初始条件来提高钟差预报精度的方法。首先构建初始条件未知的GM(1,1)预报模型,然后采用原始序列的最新分量求解初始条件,最后利用该模型对IGS提供的精密钟差数据进行预报实验。结果表明,将初始条件优化后的GM(1,1)模型用于钟差预报切实可行,且预报精度比传统GM(1,1)模型有较大提高。     

全国重要固体矿产重点成矿区带划分与资源潜力特征

成矿区带是区域成矿规律研究成果最集中反映,同时也是地质找矿勘查部署最直接依据。利用全国重要矿产潜力评价成果重新厘定我国重要成矿区带,部署我国重要成矿区带有重要实际价值。成矿区带划分一方面要以区域构造环境及演化为纲,对成矿域、成矿省进行科学划分;同时要研究成矿本身时空分布规律,研究矿床的多元地物化遥等成矿信息,使得成矿区带符合成矿实际,能够直接找矿。部署区带是根据国家找矿工作部署出发,对成矿区带进行优选排序,具有引导导向作用,往往也能大大促进部署区带地质找矿突破。本次工作以23个矿种圈定成矿靶区,重要矿产地、物化遥异常等信息,并在最新划分的90个三级成矿区带基础上,划分了26个全国固体矿产勘查重点成矿区带,并进一步优选10个重点部署区带。