Land transfer,collective action and the adoption of soil and water conservation measures in the Loess Plateau of China

Natural Hazards - Based on the data of 849 rural households in the Loess Plateau of China, this paper uses exploratory factor analysis to study farmers’ participation in collective action...     

The Geochemical Significance of Deep-water Coral and Their Food Source

Deep-sea corals live in the dark cold-water environments, the food of which that provides them with energy and nutrition is a key ecological and biogeochemical problem. Currently, the most common understanding is that their food mainly comes from organic matter produced by and deposited from surface seawater. However, more and more studies have found that they can also obtain food supply through symbiosis with a variety of chemosynthetic autotrophs and heterotrophs. Carbon and nitrogen isotopes have been used to trace and reveal the food sources of deep-sea corals. They also have been successfully used to reconstruct the phytoplankton community structure and the changes of nitrate isotopes in surface seawater in the past, thus providing valuable biogeochemical data for paleoceanographic study. However, due to the widespread existence of symbiosis with chemosynthetic autotrophs, further studies are needed to assess the reliability of organic carbon and nitrogen isotopes of deep-sea corals to reflect changes in the surface seawater. The deep-sea gorgonian coral, like those gorgonian forests recently found in the South China Sea, is relatively new and insufficiently studied in the field of deep-sea corals. Thus, basic biochemical and paleoceanographic researches on the South China Sea deep-water gorgonians will provide profound and novel insights to understanding the cold-water coral system.     

Integrating hydrochemical and microbial methods to identify hydraulic connections between three saltworks in southern Laizhou Bay,China

Exploring hydraulic connections between brine mining wells is of great significance to the development of geological resources; however, there are still challenges to accurately identifying these connections. In this study, a combination of hydrochemical and biological analyses was used to investigate the hydraulic connections between three saltworks (Yangkou, Hanting, and Changyi) in southern Laizhou Bay, China. The results showed that the groundwater recharge sources at Yangkou saltworks, and therefore the associated salts and hydrochemical composition of the brine, were different from those of the other two saltworks. The diversity and composition of the microbial community among the three saltworks were identified based on a high-throughput DNA sequencing method. The brines of Hanting and Changyi saltworks had greater similarity in terms of microbial diversity and composition, which was consistent with the hydrochemical results. Based on microbial analysis combined with hydrochemistry, the depths of the mining wells at Hanting saltworks were identified, along with the hydraulic connection with Changyi saltworks. As a tool to judge the hydraulic connections of geological reservoirs, microbial analysis combined with hydrochemistry may be applicable to a wider range of subsurface resources, such as oil and gas, which will provide new ideas for the rational development of underground resources.

     

云南会泽铅锌矿床1号矿体Pb-Zn元素三维空间变异函数模拟

会泽铅锌矿床位于扬子地块西南缘的川滇黔铅锌成矿域中部,由矿山厂和麒麟厂2个矿段组成,具有规模大(Pb+Zn金属量超过500万t)、品位高(Pb+Zn质量分数超过25%)等特征。矿山厂矿段主要由1号矿体构成,矿石类型以氧化矿为主,已探明的Pb+Zn金属量超过100万t。变异函数模拟是反映区域化变量空间变化规律的有效手段之一。通过对矿山厂矿段1号矿体Pb、Zn元素的变异函数模拟,发现二者在走向、倾向和垂向上具有不同的基台值和变程,且数据规律显示矿体具有层控特征,这与地质特征相吻合;另外模拟还显示二者在倾向上具有较好的连续性。通过变程值的计算,当勘探网度设计为65m×145m时,即可达到较好的储量控制。     

赣东北晚二叠和晚三叠煤的微量元素对比研究

通过对赣东北晚二叠世和晚三叠世煤的微量元素对比研究，阐述了这两种类型煤中常量和微量元素的含量和赋存特征。通过煤质特征，矿物学和元素的组相关性分析，概括了引起这两种类型煤常量和微量元素之间差弄的地质原因。     

Study on the Global Carbon Assimilation System Based on Multisource Remote Sensing Data

The Paris agreement signed in April, 2016 aims to balance global anthropogenic carbon emissions and terrestrial carbon sinks by the middle of the 21^st century. To fulfill this goal, it is necessary to calculate carbon fluxes of different regions reliably. The global carbon assimilation system is an effective technique for achieving this goal. The Ministry of Science and Technology of China supports the project entitled as study on the global carbon assimilation system based on multisource remote sensing data through the national key research and development programs for global change and adaptation during the thirteen-five period. This project will develop synergic inversion techniques for retrieving key parameters of biological and atmospheric cycles and for assimilating multisource remote sensing and ground based data. Then, the high resolution global carbon assimilation system coupled with an ecological model will be constructed. This system is able to assimilate jointly multisource observation data and to optimize key model parameters, photosynthesis and respiration carbon fluxes of global terrestrial ecosystems, and anthropogenic carbon emission fluxes of key regions. This system will be used to study quantitatively the spatial and temporal patterns of carbon fluxes of global terrestrial ecosystems and anthropogenic carbon emission fluxes of key regions and to identify the mechanisms driving the global terrestrial carbon sinks and sources. The outputs of this study will be helpful for the fulfillment of the key research and development programs for global change and adaptation and provide valuable data and technical support for the decision-making in China.     

G214线苦海滩一黄河沿段多年冻土工程地质特征评价

拟建共和-结古高速公路位于青海省境内,全长639．02km,其中,苦海滩至黄河沿段（K336＋000～K470＋000）段长134km,大部分在海拔4000m以上,最高在长石头山垭口,海拔4535m．该段线路位于青藏高原东部,多年冻土发育的边缘地带．通过对线路的勘察资料分析,结果表明：多年冻土分布和海拔有很好的相关性,...     

Soil–rock-forming processes and engineering mechanical properties of the ancient gravel stratum near Nanjing, China

The ancient gravel stratum near Nanjing, China, is a major stratum of Cenozoic age along the middle–lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This paper first presents a typical geological profile and material composition of the ancient gravel stratum, and then discusses its geologic origin, soil–rock-forming processes, engineering mechanical properties, and their relations. These analyses are useful for city planning, geotechnical engineering, construction, and characterization of the geological environment in the Nanjing area.     

茅台酒酿酒高梁的地质环境研究

茅台酒对酿酒高梁有严格要求，适于茅台酒传统酿造工艺的高梁只产于仁怀县的某些地区，主要是受地质环境的控制。仁怀高梁对某些常量和微量元素有着鲜明的选择性，对磷和钼表现出强烈的吸收作用。岩－土剖面元素的迁聚，对磷和铝的供应是确定仁怀高梁品质和产量的关键。侏罗系砂泥岩、二叠系煤系地层的岩－土剖面，元素淋溶微弱，总量丰富，有效态含量高，组合良好，能正常进行岩－土－高梁系统的物质转化与元素迁移，能充分供应高梁生长所需的磷和钼等元素，是茅台酒酿酒高梁的最宜种植区。     

绵阳地区白垩系岩石风化过程的生态效应

论述了四川绵阳地区白垩系七曲寺组砂岩、泥岩风化过程的信息动态及其对森林植被的生态效应，为长江上游水土保持防护林提供开发信息。