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基于改进Delaunay三角剖分算法的微地震数据SRV估算与应用

影响页岩气藏改造效果的核心参数是储层的压裂改造体积(Stimulated Reservoir Volume,SRV),有效准确估算压裂改造体积有助于评估压裂效果.水力压裂过程中微地震事件点分布状态不规则,传统的SRV计算方法通过外接规则几何体进行计算,相应结果误差明显,进而采用Delaunay三角剖分算法来降低结果误差...     

Soil evolution features of debris flow waste-shoal land

The reclamation and utilization of debris flow waste-shoal land plays an important role in the mitigation and control of debris flow hazards, which thus contributes a lot to the exploitation of insufficient land resources in mountainous areas and the reduction of losses caused by debris flow. The aim of this paper is to discuss the features and mechanism of soil evolution of debris flow waste-shoal land so as to search for the available modes of its reclamation and utilization. The Jiangjiagou Ravine, a typical debris flow ravine, was selected to study soil evolution features of debris flow waste-shoal land based on the analysis of soil physieochemical properties and soil microstructure. It was found that the soil evolution rates of debris flow waste-shoal land varied with different modes of reclamation. For the land which had been reclaimed for less than lO years, soil evolved most rapidly in paddy fields, and more rapidly in dry farmland than in naturally restored waste-shoal land. For the land which had been used for more than lo years, the soil evolution rates of dry farmland, naturally restored waste-shoal land and paddy farmland decreased in the file. For the same utilization period of time, significant differences were recognized in soil evolution features under different modes of reclamation. Analysis data showed that soil clay content, soil thickness, the psephicity of skeleton particles and contents of microaggregates （〈0.02 mm） in paddy farmland were all highest. Soil nutrients and porosity of dry farmland were better than those of paddy farmland and naturally restored waste-shoal land, and those of paddy farmland were superior to those of naturally restored waste-shoal land. Paddy farmland characterized by rapid pedogenesis, stable evolution and high utilizability was the priority candidate for the reclamation and utilization of debris flow waste -shoal land.     

一种基于点特征的高精度图像配准方法

提出了一种基于点特征的多源图像高精度配准方法。通过在遥感影像上提取密集特征点,利用多种方法结合进行严格匹配获得同名点对。通过构建不规则三角网分割影像,再利用仿射变换模型实现每个三角形的配准。实验证明了该方法的有效性和较高的适用性。     

导航电子地图增量更新服务及关键技术研究

以移动通讯数据传输技术、网络技术和时态数据库技术为基础,构建了导航地理信息的变化发现、分析甄别、采集、加工、处理、存储和发布服务一体化的增量式更新服务模式、技术、软件、质检和标准体系,论述了多源数据融合、时空模型及空间关系的动态实时维护、多尺度增量式导航电子地图综合处理、路径规划和质检方法等关键性技术,实现了导航电子地图近实时更新服务。     

局部型地形因子并行计算方法研究

 随着分析区域的扩展及需求精度的提高,数据-计算密集型地形分析亟需通过并行化来满足用户的时间响应需求。局部型地形因子是以一定半径的分析窗口(通常为3×3)计算且具有单元计算结果独立性的地形信息,是数字地形分析的基本参数。本文在分析局部型地形因子串行算法特征的基础上,以坡度算法为样本,对局部型地形因子的并行计算方法进行了深入研究。从数据并行的角度,对并行计算环境下的数据划分粒度、方式及结果融合策略进行了分析,构建了局部型地形因子的并行计算方法。利用SRTM陆地表面地形DEM数据,设计了坡度并行计算的实验以验证其方法的正确性和实用性。实验结果表明,本文提出的并行计算方法顾及了任务、数据及计算环境,可快速对局部型地形因子串行算法进行并行化改造,提高算法的执行效率,具有较好的并行性能。     

The suspended sediment concentration distribution in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea

The distribution of the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea (BYECS) is studied based on the observed turbidity data and model simulation results. The observed turbidity results show that (i) the highest SSC is found in the coastal areas while in the outer shelf sea areas turbid water is much more difficult to observe, (ii) the surface layer SSC is much lower than the bottom layer SSC and (iii) the winter SSC is higher than the summer SSC. The Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) is used to simulate the SSC distribution in the BYECS. A comparison between the modeled SSC and the observed SSC in the BYECS shows that the modeled SSC can reproduce the principal features of the SSC distribution in the BYECS. The dynamic mechanisms of the sediment erosion and transport processes are studied based on the modeled results. The horizontal distribution of the SSC in the BYECS is mainly determined by the current-wave induced bottom stress and the fine-grain sediment distribution. The current-induced bottom stress is much higher than the wave-induced bottom stress, which means the tidal currents play a more significant role in the sediment resuspension than the wind waves. The vertical mixing strength is studied based on the mixed layer depth and the turbulent kinetic energy distribution in the BYECS. The strong winter time vertical mixing, which is mainly caused by the strong wind stress and surface cooling, leads to high surface layer SSC in winter. High surface layer SSC in summer is restricted in the coastal areas.     

Thickness distribution and extent of sea ice and snow in Prydz Bay and surrounding waters observed in 2012/2013 austral summer

Three ship-based observational campaigns were conducted to survey sea ice and snow in Prydz Bay and the surrounding waters(64.40°S–69.40°S, 76.11°E–81.29°E) from 28 November 2012 to 3 February 2013. In this paper, we present the sea ice extent and its variation, and the ice and snow thickness distributions and their variations with time in the observed zone. In the pack ice zone, the southern edge of the pack ice changed little, whereas the northern edge retreated significantly during the two earlier observation periods. Compared with the pack ice, the fast ice exhibited a significantly slower variation in extent with its northernmost edge retreating southwards by 6.7 km at a rate of 0.37 km?d-1. Generally, ice showed an increment in thickness with increasing latitude from the end of November to the middle of December. Ice and snow thickness followed an approximate normal distribution during the two earlier observations(79.7±28.9 cm, 79.1±19.1 cm for ice thickness, and 11.6±6.1 cm, 9.6±3.4 cm for snow thickness, respectively), and the distribution tended to be more concentrated in mid-December than in late November. The expected value of ice thickness decreased by 0.6 cm, whereas that of snow thickness decreased by 2 cm from 28 November to 18 December 2012. Ice thickness distribution showed no obvious regularity between 31 January and 3 February, 2013.     

湖南省主要内生成矿事件的构造格局控矿特征及动力机制

湖南省内生矿产资源丰富,内生成矿事件主要有加里东期(以志留纪为主)、印支晚期(晚三叠世)、燕山中晚期(晚侏罗世-早白垩世)等3期。以区域矿产资料为基础,结合大地构造、成岩成矿年龄、矿床成因机制等研究成果,对上述3期内生成矿事件的构造格局控矿特征和动力机制进行探讨。①受加里东运动自东南向西北扩展以及深部岩石圈结构差异控制,加里东期湖南省自东南往西北分为成矿特征有别的3个构造带。湘中-湘东南构造岩浆带(Ⅰ)发生后碰撞花岗质岩浆活动,于局部产生与岩浆活动相关的W、萤石等成矿作用;雪峰构造带(Ⅱ)东部的雪峰冲断带(Ⅱ1)形成了以构造活化成因为主的金矿和锑金矿;雪峰构造带(Ⅱ)西部的武陵低缓褶皱带(Ⅱ2)及湘西北构造抬升带(Ⅲ)内形成了与寒武纪同沉积断裂活动、加里东运动后的伸展活动以及相应的热液活动有关的汞铅锌矿。②印支晚期受深部岩石圈结构差异控制,湖南省自东南至西北分为3个构造带:湘中-湘东南构造岩浆带(Ⅰ)因后碰撞减压熔融而发生大规模花岗质岩浆活动,从而于其东南部形成钨锡铅锌多金属矿床,西北部形成锑金钨多金属矿床;雪峰构造带(Ⅱ)可能无内生热液成矿作用;湘西北褶皱带(Ⅲ)发育小型脉型铅锌矿。③燕山中晚期,湖南省自东南往西北分为3个构造带:湘中-湘东构造岩浆带(Ⅰ)受岩石圈拆沉、软流圈上隆、陆内碰撞后期增温减压、俯冲板块崩塌等深部构造作用控制而发生大规模花岗质岩浆活动,形成了大量的有色金属矿床和金矿床;雪峰西部构造带(Ⅱ)成矿作用弱,局部存在Au、Hg成矿作用;湘西北褶皱带(Ⅲ)发育少量低温热液充填型萤石矿和砷矿。