识别前震余震的单键群方法

本文提出一种从地震目录中识别强震的前震和余震并形成序列目标的新方法,即：以单键群（ＳＬＣ）分析方法为基础,定义在ＳＬＣ构架中,由于小于或等于特征键长的键所形成的许多链中,那些处在某个强震联通的链上的地震就与该强震构成一个地震序列;在此序列中,该强震为主震,之后的为余震,用此方法,可以按强震逐个识别其前震余震,并形成其序列目录。我们用它识别处理了海城７．４级和昆仑山－阿尔金山弧型顶部地区６．０级以上     

农户生计资本与生计策略关系的实证分析——以河西走廊沙化土地封禁保护区外围为例

从农户可持续生计框架出发,以河西走廊六县为调研对象,建立了农户生计指标体系并对其进行评估,从而揭示了当地农户生计资本与生计策略之间的影响关系。结果表明:(1)无论是项目组还是对照组,农户的5种生计资本整体比较稀缺,其中自然资本和金融资本极度匮乏,而人力资本、社会资本和物质资本相对较丰富,因此农户生计资本单一且配置极不合理,从而导致农户脆弱性程度高。(2)自然资本、人力资本和物质资本对农户生计策略的影响比较显著,其中自然资本和物质资本丰富的农户往往倾向于选择农业生产,而人力资本丰富的农户往往倾向于选择非农产业。(3)经定量评估对照组农户的农业兼业化程度要比项目组农户高。基于此,政府可以采取诸多措施来改善农户的生计现状,从而提升农户的生计水平,进一步转变当地农业的发展模式,缓解生态压力。     

Discontinuous Data 3D/4D Variation Fusion Based on the Constraint of L1 Norm Regularization Term

Classical 3D/4D variation fusion is based on the theory that error follows Gaussian distribution. When using minimization iteration, the gradient of objective function is involved, and the solution of which requires the continuity of data. This paper adopted the extended classical 3D/4D variation fusion method, and explicitly applied the prior knowledge, which was based on L1-norm, as regularization constraint to the classical variation fusion method. Original data was firstly projected into the wavelet domain during the implementation process, and new fusion model was adopted for data fusion in wavelet space, then inverse wavelet transform was used to project the result to the observation space. Ideal experiment was carried out by using linear advection-diffusion equation as four-dimensional prediction model, which made a hypothesis of the discontinuity with the data between background and observation, and that meant the derivatives between left and right were not equal on some points. The result of the experiment showed that the method adopted here was practicable. A further research was also done for multi-source precipitation fusion. Firstly, CMORPH inversion precipitation data were corrected through PDF (Probability Density Function, PDF) matching method based on GAMMA fitting function. Then corrected data was fused with the observation one. By comparison with the reference field, the result showed that this method can keep some outliers better, which might represent certain weather phenomenon. The L1-norm regularization variation fusion in this paper provided a possible way to deal with discrete data, especially for jump point.     

上海地区燕山旋回火山岩

上海地区燕山旋回火山岩约占基岩总面积的70%左右,有基性、中性、中酸性及酸性岩类,后两类分布最广。火山岩为一套钙碱系列的玄武岩——安玄岩——安山岩——英安岩——流纹岩组合。火山活动始于晚侏罗世初期,晚侏罗世中,晚期为鼎盛时期,至白垩纪初停息,区内燕山旋回又可进一步划分为三个亚旋回,即第一亚旋回为酸性火山岩(相当于劳村组);第二亚旋回火山活动强烈,具基性——中性——酸性岩演化趋势(黄尖组);第三亚旋回为中酸性——酸性火山岩(寿昌组)。     

南黄海粘土矿物的分布特征

南黄海表层粘土组分中,按其主要粘土矿物的含量分布特征,可分为五个组合区: Ⅰ区为伊利石—绿泥石—蒙脱石—高岭石;Ⅱ区为伊利石—绿泥石—高岭石—蒙脱石;Ⅲ区为伊利石—蒙脱石—绿泥石—高岭石;Ⅳ区为伊利石—高岭石—绿泥石—蒙脱石;V区为伊利石—绿泥石—高岭石—蒙脱石。 其分布范围与沉积环境大体一致。     

几个独立银矿床矿物学研究

独立银矿床是近十多年来新发现的矿床类型,因而对银的赋存状态、银的矿物学方面的研究相对较为薄弱。而这方面的研究对独立银矿床的开发利用是至关重要的。对内蒙古额仁陶勒盖、吉林山门和江西虎家尖三个矿床的研究发现,独立银矿床中的银主要以银独立矿物形式存在,三个矿床银矿物的种类占自然界已发现银矿物的２０％,主要包括银的复杂硫盐。硫化物、自然元素、金属互化物、硒化物及卤化物、矿物组合表现出了低成矿的特点。     

Basin assemblages and tectonic evolution in the Bohai Gulf and its neighbors

According to multi-disciplinary research advances in recent years, three blocks which named Jiaoliao-Bohai block, central North China block and Ordos block are divided.The differences of the tectonic association, types, styles and features in the space, and ewlution fmm Archaean to Cenozoic in the time, between the former two blocks are discussed.Tectonic features and evolution in the four tectonic stages of Precambrian, Indo-China, Yanshanian and Cenozoic are emphasized especially here.All of them described above have inherit and neogenic property.The temporal-spatial change and interaction among basin assemblages in the above four stagers are analyzed.Escape tectonic model is employed to interpret coeval compressive and extensional basins in the study area.     

高斯线调频小波变换及其在地震震相识别中的应用

基于地震渐变信号在起始点附近信号高频分量比较丰富，但信号幅度较小的特点，本文选取高斯线调频小波作为基函数，研究了不同小波参数和信号参数对其变换结果的影响规律，找出了直接利用变换峰值进行震相识别的误差来源，提出了一种从背景噪声中实现渐变地震震相识别的有效方法——定尺度小波变换比方法，给出了模拟数字信号和实际地震震相识别的实例．      

大理岩的波速各向异性测量

利用 GC- 1 0 0型工程多波参数分析仪 ,对山东莱州大理岩进行了波速各向异性的实验室观测。实验采用两组岩样 ,一组为带有先天的优势定向排列裂缝的岩样 ,另一组为带有优势层理走向的完整岩石。在未加载的状态下 ,发现两组岩样都有明显的波速方位各向异性。对于带有先天的优势定向排列裂缝的岩样 ,甚至可以在无加载状态下观测到剪切波的分裂现象