Galileo广播星历评估及其对定位精度的影响

分析现阶段伽利略空间信号的精度,并评估伽利略广播星历及其对单点定位的影响。统计30 d健康卫星广播星历,结果表明,FOC和IOV两种类型的广播星历卫星轨道误差优于0.8 m,并且径向误差最小,法向误差次之,切向误差最大;伽利略卫星的钟差误差精度达到1.0 ns;从空间信号测距误差对伽利略卫星进行整体分析,广播星历精度优于1.0 m,FOC与IOV卫星精度相当;用广播星历进行事后单点定位的精度可以达到dm级。     

中纬热层大气质量密度经向结构差异研究

本文利用CHAMP卫星以及全球电离层-热层模型（GITM）来研究太阳活动低年（2007-2009年）中纬热层大气质量密度（ρ）的经度结构变化.结果如下：（1）ρ存在明显的经度单波结构（单峰和单谷）,且南北半球反相,波峰和波谷随着地方时增加而向东移动;（2）模拟表明离子拖曳效应在ρ结构差异的形成中起到了重要的作用,欧亚地区电子密度经度差异性较弱,不足以影响ρ经度分布,导致该地区ρ经度差异不明显;（3）在磁中纬地区,太阳天顶角的经度差异可达20°~30°,太阳光加热的经度不均匀性是导致ρ经度差异的另一个主要原因.     

2008������Ms7.3����ǰ��������̬�仯������

????1998?????????й??????????????????????????2008??3?????????7.3?????????????????????仯?????????????????????????????????????????????????????г????2~10???????????????????????????????????????????????????仯?????????????????????仯????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????仯?????????????????????????????1976?????7.8????????????????????????й?????8?????????????仯??200??10 _-8 ms ^-2 ??     

Study on the extremely cold winter of 1670 over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

The snow-cover days over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River （MLRYR） in the winter of 1670 were extracted from Chinese historical documents. By these records, the winter temperature anomalies （compared to the mean of 1961-1990） recorded at seven meteorological stations and the regional mean winter temperature were estimated. The results show that： （1） There was an average of about 30 snow-cover days over the MLRYR region in 1670, ranging from 11-20 days in Shanghai and eastern Zhejiang to 5140 days in eastern Hunan Province. The snow-cover days averaged about 40 days in Anqing and Nan- cheng, and ranged from 30 to 40 days in Quzhou, Jingdezhen, and Nanchang; and （2） the regional mean winter temperature in 1670 was estimated to be approximately 4.0 ℃ lower than that of 1961-1990. The maximum negative anomaly of 5.6℃ occurred in Nanchang and the minimum anomaly of-2.8 ℃ was detected in Quzhou. Both of these were lower than that of the coldest winter during the instrumental observation period of 1951-2010. This research could not only provide a method to es- timate historical climate extremes, but also provide a background to understand the recent instrumentally climate extremes.     

中国东部岩石圈地幔的富化和置换过程

中国东部大陆主要由华北和华南两个古老地块在早中生代沿秦岭-大别-苏鲁造山带拼合形成,在显生宙特别是晚中生代时,东部大陆特别是华北东部发生显著活化,表现为浅部强烈的构造变形、盆地形成、岩浆活动、巨量成矿和深部岩石圈地幔的改造、减薄和增生作用,从而明显区别于全球其他稳定的克拉通地区。本文梳理了中国东部大陆演化历史和岩石圈地幔特征,认为华北和华南地块均由古老陆块拼合而成,块体初始规模小且内部发育薄弱带;显生宙以来华北、华南甚至整个中国东部都受到周边多个构造域的夹持影响,板片俯冲引起的软流圈上涌和熔流体活动沿大陆内部薄弱带和边缘有效侵蚀、改造上覆大陆岩石圈,使之发生减薄、再富集和置换作用,这种被改造的岩石圈地幔具有饱满的组成(富含玄武质组分)、较高的密度和较低的刚性程度,容易发生构造变形和部分熔融,使原本稳定的克拉通发生活化。因此,块体规模和内部薄弱带(内因)及周边构造环境(外因)是大陆稳定性的重要控制因素,中国东部大陆显生宙活化是这些因素协同作用的结果。     

��ظ�ԭ���������쳣�ĵ����춯��ѧ�о�

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????о??????? ????????????????????????????????б?′?????????????????????????????????????????????????     

Structural strength deterioration of coastal bridge piers considering non-uniform corrosion in marine environments

In the aggressive marine environment over a long-term service period,coastal bridges inevitably sustain corrosion-induced damage due to high sea salt and humidity.This paper investigates the strength reduction of coastal bridges,especially focusing on the effects of non-uniform corrosion along the height of bridge piers.First,the corrosion initiation time and the degradation of reinforcement and concrete are analyzed for bridge piers in marine environments.To investigate the various damage modes of the concrete cover,a discretization method with fiber cells is used for calculating time-dependent interaction diagrams of cross-sections of the bridge piers at the atmospheric zone and the splash and tidal zone under a combination of axial force and bending moment.Second,the shear strength of these aging structures is analyzed.Numerical simulation indicates that the strength of a concrete pier experiences dramatic reduction from corrosion initiation to the spalling of the concrete cover.Strength loss in the splash and tidal zone is more significant than in the atmospheric zone when structures’service time is assumed to be the same.     

塔里木盆地北部白垩系卡普沙良群储层特征

白垩系卡普沙良群是塔里木盆地北部重要的油气储集层位之一，包括亚格列木组层、舒善河组和巴西盖组储集层（有称为卡普沙良群中上部储集层）。从储层岩石学、储层物性、储层孔隙结构及储集性控制因素等方面对储层特征进行了系统分析，总结储层的储集特征。研究结果表明，该储层为砂岩储集岩，储层物性及孔隙结构较好，储集性纵横向上分别受沉积韵律与沉积相带展布的控制，同时还受压实作用、溶蚀作用和胶结作用等成岩作用的控制；并认为亚格列木组储集性较好，横向上以跨越阿克库勒－沙雅西的储集砂体为最好，它具有多套砂体叠置发育的特点。     

新疆阿斯喀尔特铍钼矿床中辉钼矿Re-Os定年及成因意义

阿斯喀尔特铍钼矿床位于中亚成矿域阿尔泰成矿省哈龙-青河成矿带的东南部。7件辉钼矿样品Re-Os同位素年龄介于(224.6±3.1)Ma与(235.7±3.4)Ma之间,加权平均年龄为(229.0±3.0)Ma,等时线年龄为(228.7±7.1)Ma,表明成矿作用发生于印支期。辉钼矿样品Re含量为38.26~56.45μg/g,指示成矿元素Re具有壳幔混合来源特征。由于阿斯喀尔特铍-钼矿床成矿时代晚于古亚洲洋闭合时间(约250 Ma),并且花岗岩-伟晶岩体系中的晚期伟晶岩以低的锆石Hf同位素组成(–1.50~+1.69)为特征,相似于区域中侵入的三叠纪伟晶岩中锆石Hf同位素组成,如可可托海3号脉、柯鲁木特112号脉,因此,推测与阿斯喀尔特铍钼矿床具有成因联系的花岗岩-伟晶岩体系,其成因与哈萨克斯坦-西伯利亚板块在晚古生代发生陆-陆碰撞造山作用,在三叠纪构造体系由挤压转为伸展背景下,先期存在幔源物质的古老地壳物质发生减压部分熔融有关。     

Mesoscale numerical simulation study of warm fog dissipation by salt particles seeding

Based on the dynamic framework of WRF and Morrison 2-moment explicit cloud scheme, a salt-seeding scheme was developed and used to simulate the dissipation of a warm fog event during 6–7 November 2009 in the Beijing and Tianjin area. The seeding effect and its physical mechanism were studied. The results indicate that when seeding fog with salt particles sized 80 μm and at a quantity of 6 gm~(-2) at the fog top, the seeding effect near the ground surface layer is negative in the beginning period, and then a positive seeding effect begins to appear at 18 min, with the best effect appearing at 21 min after seeding operation. The positive effect can last about 35 min. The microphysical mechanism of the warm fog dissipation is because of the evaporation due to the water vapor condensation on the salt particles and coalescence with salt particles.The process of fog water coalescence with salt particles contributed mostly to this warm fog dissipation. Furthermore, two series of sensitivity experiments were performed to study the seeding effect under different seeding amounts and salt particles sizes. The results show that seeding fog with salt particles sized of 80 μm can have the best seeding effect, and the seeding effect is negative when the salt particle size is less than 10 μm. For salt particles sized 80 μm, the best seeding effect, with corresponding visibility of 380 m, can be achieved when the seeding amount is 30 g m~(-2).