Compositions and Pressure–Temperature Conditions of Metamorphic Fluids Overprinting the Talate VMS Pb–Zn Deposit, Southern Altay, China

The Talate Pb-Zn deposit,located in the east of the NW-SE extending Devonian Kelan volcanic-sedimentary basin of the southern Altaides,occurs in the metamorphic rock series of the upper second lithological section of the lower Devonian lower Kangbutiebao Formation(D_1k_1~2).The Pb-Zn orebodies are stratiform and overprinted by late sulfide—quartz veins.Two distinct mineralization periods were identified:a submarine volcanic sedimentary exhalation period and a metamorphic hydrothermal mineralization period.The metamorphic overprinting period can be further divided into two stages:an early stage characterized by bedding-parallel lentoid quartz veins developed in the chlorite schist and leptite of the ore-bearing horizon,and a late stage represented by pyritechalcopyrite-quartz veins crosscutting chlorite schist and leptite or the massive Pb-Zn ores.Fluid inclusions in the early metamorphic quartz veins are mainly CO_2-H_2O-NaCI and carbonic(CO_2±CH_4±N_2) inclusions with minor aqueous inclusions.The CO_2-H_2O-NaCl inclusions have homogenization temperatures of 294-368℃,T_(m,CO2) of-62.6 to-60.5℃,T_(h,CO2) of 7.7 to 29.6℃(homogenized into liquid),and salinities of 5.5-7.4 wt%NaCl eqv.The carbonic inclusions have T_(m,CO2)of-60.1 to-58.5℃,and T_(h,Co2) of-4.2 to 20.6℃.Fluid inclusions in late sulfide quartz veins are also dominated by CO_2-H_2O-NaCl and CO_2±CH_4 inclusions.The CO_2-H_2O-NaCl inclusions have T_(b,tot) of142 to 360℃,T_(m,CO2)of-66.0 to-56.6℃,T_(h,CO2) of-6.0 to 29.4℃(homogenized into liquid) and salinities of 2.4-16.5 wt%NaCl eqv.The carbonic inclusions have T_(m,Co2)of-61.5 to-57.3℃,and T_(h,CO2) of-27.0to 28.7℃.The aqueous inclusions(L-V) have T_(m,ice) of-9.8 to-1.3℃ and T_(h,tot) of 205 to 412℃.The P-T trapping conditions of CO_2-rich fluid inclusions(100-370 MPa,250-368℃) are comparable with the late- to post-regional metamorphism conditions.The CO_2-rich fluids,possibly derived from regional metamorphism,were involved in the reworking and metal enrichment of the primary ores.Based on these results,the Talate Pb-Zn deposit is classified as a VMS deposit modified by metamorphic fluids.The massive Pb-Zn ores with banded and breccia structures were developed in the early period of submarine volcanic sedimentary exhalation associated with an extensional subduction-related back-arc basin,and the quartz veins bearing polymetallic sulfides were formed in the late period of metamorphic hydrothermal superimposition related to the Permian-Triassic continental collision.     

Gongzhucuo Massif: An Ever Slightly Depleted Peridotite in the Western Yarlung Zangbo Ophiolitic Belt of Southern Tibet

<正>The Gongzhucuo ophiolite,located near Lake Gongzhu in SW Tibet,occurs in the southern ophiolite sub-belt along the western Yarlung Zangbo suture zone.It is is mainly composed of harzburgitic and lherzolitic upper mantle peridotites,intruded by mafic dikes.The mantle     

Geochemistry and Geochronology of Saga Alkaline Basalt in Southern Tibet

<正>The Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone(YZSZ)to the west of Saga is divided into two sub-belts,namely the south subbelt and the north sub-belt.The Saga ophiolite is mainly composed of peridotites,gabbro,diabase and lava.In this paper,we report a suite of alkaline basalt to the south of the Saga ophiolite,which extends NWW along an outcrop     

Improved Geometric Model of Extensional Fault–bend Folding

Extensional fault–bend folds, also called rollovers, are one of the most common structures in extensional settings. Numerous studies have shown that oblique simple shear is the most appropriate mechanism for quantitative modeling of geometric relations between normal faults and the strata in their hanging walls. However, the oblique simple shear has a rather serious issue derived from the shear direction, particularly above convex bends. We use geometric and experimental methods to study the deformation of extensional fault–bend folds on convex bends. The results indicate that whether the fault bends are concave or convex, the shear direction of the hanging wall dips toward the main fault. On this basis, we improve the previous geometric model by changing the shear direction above the convex bends. To illustrate basin history, our model highlights the importance of the outer limit of folding instead of the growth axial. Moreover, we propose a new expression for the expansion index that is applicable to the condition of no deposition on the footwall. This model is validated by modeling a natural structure of the East China Sea Basin.     

高植被覆盖区遥感矿化信息提取方法研究

针对吉林省由于植被覆盖、水体、阴影等干扰因素,遥感矿化蚀变信息提取方法繁琐,提取结果不理想的问题,采取主成分分析和比值法相结合,采用遥感蚀变信息多层次分离技术,省去多次掩膜处理,尽可能的保留原始信息,减少了人为因素,提取方法更为简便且准确,为高植被覆盖区遥感矿化蚀变信息提取提供了新思路。     

论感潮河段航运工程水文标准分界与衔接

针对中国河流与海岸交界处感潮河段航运工程水文标准存在的问题,特别是设计水位的确定及其衔接和水流、泥沙分析方法的差异,进行区段划分和标准衔接关系的研究.通过阐述感潮河段区段及基本特征,分析了各类航运工程的水文指标,提出以"月平均潮位年变幅多年平均值" 和"多年平均潮差"两特征值的比值作为感潮河段不同区段划分的依据指标,并通过实例计算,论证了航运工程水文标准分界及其衔接关系.结果表明,该指标反映了感潮河段不同区段水文条件受径流和潮汐的影响程度,依据其不同取值,可对航运工程水文标准予以分界,形成较好的衔接.     

长江三角洲晚第四纪地层沉积特征与生物气成藏条件分析

对长江三角洲晚第四纪地层沉积特征进行了精细研究,探讨了研究区层序地层格架,在此基础上分析了浅层生物气成藏条件、特征和分布规律。研究表明,长江三角洲晚第四纪发育3期下切河谷,形成了3套沉积层序;因后期河流的强烈下切破坏,早期沉积层序往往被剥蚀殆尽,仅残留下部的河床相粗粒沉积,造成不同期河床相的叠置;相对而言,末次冰期以来形成的下切河谷沉积层序以相对完整的沉积相组合被保存下来。长江三角洲浅层天然气是未经运移的原生生物气,其主要富集于末次冰期以来的沉积层序内,气藏为自生自储同生型的岩性圈闭。河口湾—河漫滩和浅海相泥质沉积物既是气源岩,又是盖层,后者可作为良好的区域盖层;河口湾—河漫滩和河床相砂质沉积物为主要储集层。因此,研究区晚第四纪多期下切河谷沉积层序有利于浅层生物气藏的形成,特别是晚期下切河谷内河口湾—河漫滩相砂质透镜体以及河床相砂体可作为优先勘探目标。     

小兴安岭西北部霍龙门地区花岗质杂岩锆石U--Pb年龄、岩石地球化学特征及地质意义

小兴安岭西北部的霍龙门地区位于兴蒙造山带东段,该区出露的大面积花岗质杂岩为新开岭—科洛杂岩的重要组成部分。该花岗质杂岩主要由花岗质和花岗闪长质糜棱岩等组成,其中花岗质糜棱岩的SHRIMP锆石U--Pb定年结果为310.7±6.5 Ma,表明其原岩形成于晚石炭世。该杂岩的主量元素总体显示中、高钾钙碱性准铝质--过铝质系列岩石的特点;微量元素表现出Th、Zr、Hf、Nd、Rb、K明显富集,而Ba、Sr、Nb、P、Ti明显亏损;稀土元素具有明显的轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素相对亏损的特征,有较明显的负Eu异常,轻、重稀土元素分馏程度较强。结合区域构造演化特点及花岗质杂岩的形成环境等,综合显示该杂岩的原岩应形成于晚古生代,于三叠纪时期发生明显的变质变形作用。     

渤海海域W油田新近系明化镇组河流相砂体结构特征

利用野外露头、现代沉积和大量岩心以及钻测井资料,以高分辨率层序地层学原理为指导,结合地震和探地雷达,分析了W油田新近系明化镇组明下段河流相层序格架和砂体结构的沉积特征,总结了砂体的发育规模特征,建立了河流相砂体的沉积模式,为海上油田开发及后期调整提供依据和指导。研究表明,渤海海域明化镇组河流相砂体结构划分为堆叠型、侧叠型和孤立型3种类型共7种样式,其中侧叠型又分为紧密型、疏散型和离散型;孤立型又分为下切侵蚀型、孤立河道和决口扇;河道砂体厚度为2.1~15m,平均6.75m;宽度为200~1 225m,平均宽度519m。决口扇砂体厚约2~3m,宽度为150~450m,平均宽度300m。河流相砂体结构受控于湖平面的变化。不同的湖平面变化下发生堆叠型、侧叠型和孤立型规律性的砂体结构变化。     

浅谈水文地质参数的计算与应用

结合多个场地的抽水试验和室内试验资料,分析评价了工程勘察中不同水文地质参数的应用范围及在参数求取过程中应注意的问题,根据实测数据得出野外抽水试验渗透系数是室内渗透试验所测得的10~14倍,影响半径约为裘布依影响半径的5.8~17.7倍;分析了产生这种情况的原因,指出在工程实践中应根据不同的要求选取不同方法计算得出的水文地质参数;针对导水系数、释水系数及给水度在计算及应用过程中应注意的问题进行了评述。