安徽铜陵焦冲金矿床成矿流体特征及成矿机制

安徽铜陵焦冲金矿床位于长江中下游铁铜金银铅锌成矿带铜陵矿集区内,矿体主要赋存在下二叠统栖霞组(P1_q)灰岩中。根据野外地质特征及含矿组合,将矿床划分为3个成矿阶段:黄铁矿-石英阶段、石英-硫化物阶段和石英-方解石阶段。笔者对该矿床不同成矿阶段石英和方解石进行了详细的岩相学观察和显微测温研究。结果表明,该矿床的均一温度区间分别为410~440 ℃、320~350 ℃和260~320 ℃。显示早期的黄铁矿-石英阶段、石英-硫化物阶段,直到晚期的石英-方解石阶段均一温度呈现逐渐减低的趋势。根据公式计算矿床成矿深度约1.5 km,成矿压力400×10⁵ Pa。流体沸腾作用是金属硫化物大量沉淀的主要机制。     

山东丹河2018年洪水沉积特征、物源分析及水文过程重建

通过研究现代洪水沉积特征,可重建洪水水文过程,识别泥沙侵蚀源区,既可为防洪水利工程设计提供依据,也可为古洪水层判识建立参考.2018年8月中旬,山东省北部弥河、 丹河流域受双台风影响发生洪涝灾害.通过对洪水淹没区进行考察,在下游洪水沉积物保存完好的地点获取21.0 cm长岩芯DH1,并进行粒度、 烧失量、 磁化率和孢粉...     

有机螯合沉淀剂富集－感耦等离子体质谱法测定地球化学样品中痕量元素

报道了用吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵（ＡＰＤＣ）有机螯合沉淀剂沉淀富集后，等离子体质谱法测定地球化学样品中２６个痕量元素的方法。研究了ＡＰＤＣ定量沉淀待测金属离子的条件，分别在ｐＨ２和ｐＨ７时使２６个元素富集，回收率在９４％～１０５％；样品测定下限为０．０１～０．４μｇ／ｇ；方法的ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝１０）为３％～１３％。经几种地球化学标准物质验证，结果与推荐值相符。     

Assessment of the distribution and risks of organochlorine pesticides in core sediments from areas of different human activity on Lake Baiyangdian,China

Burial characteristics and risks associated with 13 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs; α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD, p,p′-DDT, heptachlor, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, α-endosulfan and β-endosulfan) in core sediments of Lake Baiyangdian were investigated. The core sediments were taken from areas of different anthropogenic activity along the lake. Concentrations of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), heptachlor, aldrin, and endosulfan ranged from 0.64 to 2.72, nd (undetectable levels) to 2.79, 0.29 to 1.37, nd to 2.62, and nd to 1.76 ng g^?1, respectively. Concentrations of OCPs in the core sediments exhibited the following spatial trend: Dongtianzhuang > Shaochedian > Zaolinzhuang. Concentrations in the surficial layer were also found to be greater than those in the bottom layer. OCPs were dominated by HCH. β-HCH was found in the greatest concentrations, indicating that the majority of HCH came from older inputs to the area. The ratio of DDT and its metabolites (DDD and DDE) also suggested a lack of recent inputs to the lake environment. The residues of heptachlor, aldrin, and endosulfan in core sediments indicated that cyclodienes were historically applied in the area. The OCP risk assessment, which was based on effect range low and threshold effect level values, suggested that the top layer of sediment in Dongtianzhuang cores had a relatively high toxicity to human health and the environment.     

城市抗震设防探讨

本文通过对城市化发展特点的分析,阐述了地震灾害给城市带来的破坏,并结合典型城市震灾暴露出的问题,从规划、选址、设计、施工、加固5个方面提出了现代城市抗震设防的重点对策。     

Pyrite trace element geochemistry of mafic granulite xenoliths from Xikeer: implications for the source of Cu in the sediment-hosted mineralization in the northwestern Tarim Basin (Northwest China)

The Xikeer mafic granulite xenoliths are hosted by a Cenozoic basanite sill (∼20 Ma) in the northwest Tarim Basin, northwest China. Sulfides, identified in these xenoliths consist mainly of pyrite. Two groups of pyrite (types A and B) can be distinguished based on petrography and trace element geochemistry, as determined by laser-ablation ICP-MS analysis. Type A pyrite is subhedral and in general has lower trace element abundance than type B pyrite. Type B pyrite is fractured with ragged anhedral morphology and has extremely high Cu, Tl, Ni, and Co abundance. The low Co and Ni contents combined with a positive correlation between Cu, Cr, and Pb all indicate that the type A pyrite may have formed from a high-temperature magmatic hydrothermal fluid. In contrast, the Cu-, Tl-, Ni-, and Co-rich type B pyrite was probably formed in a relatively low-temperature basinal environment. The Cu mineralization at Xikeer can be explained when Cu, Tl, Ni, and Co were leached from the intruded basanites and subsequently enriched in circulating basin brines. Such enrichment of Cu in basin brines could provide an important Cu source for the Cu mineralization in the Xikeer district and other Cenozoic sub-basins in the Tarim Basin.     

孟德斯鸠是“地理环境决定论”者吗？

孟德斯鸠是18世纪法国启蒙时期的思想家,他的《论法的精神》是他一生研究的最后结晶,于1748年出版,中译本于1961年分上下两册出版。由于孟德斯鸠在上册第3卷的第14至18章长篇大论地讨论了自然地理环境中气候、土壤要素与法律的关系,从而被后人误认为地理环境决定论者。中外学者对此误识都曾明确地指出和纠正过,愿此错误不再延续下去。     

西方欧美现代历史地理学的发展及其趋势

现代历史地理学，作为现代地理学中的一个独立发支学科，是自十九世纪末才逐渐从西方历史学科中脱胎出来，至本世纪２０、３０年代发展成为一门现代学科，从２０年代至９０代代，西方现代历史地理学的发展经历了学科定义探讨时期、方法论探索时期、新哲学思维影响时期和９０年代以来的多元化研究趋势。     

江西省电线积冰特征及温度层结分析

利用1970—2010年江西省16个气象站电线积冰监测资料和对应时段周边探空数据,将江西省分为赣北、赣中、赣南,分区合成分析江西省电线积冰特征和温度层结特征,主要结论如下:(1)江西省电线积冰日数逐年减少,90年代以后维持较低水平;(2)全省以雨凇型积冰为主,且赣北、赣中发生较为频繁;(3)赣北雨凇过后容易出现雾凇现象,造成持续电线积冰;(4)赣北、赣中雨凇型积冰温度层结符合"3层模型",融化层平均温度为1.5℃,800~900hPa为较强逆温层;赣南则类似于"1层模型",温度层结存在变化,但整层维持在0℃以下。     

世界遗产预备项目“丝绸之路-海路-中国段”研究

中国海上丝绸之路申遗于2016年正式启动,迄今尚无有关中国海上丝绸之路申遗专题的综合研究成果。首先建议申遗项目的中英文名称：丝绸之路-海路-中国段（Silk Road-Maritime Route in China）,然后探讨“丝绸之路”申遗的国际背景（除1项“丝绸之路：长安-天山廊道路网”系列跨国世界遗产外,另有8国递交9项“丝绸之路”预备项目）与“丝绸之路-海路-中国”项目的申报意义（主动性、创新性、唯一性、均衡性、政治性、世界性）。并就申报项目的遗产内容提出具体建议：遗产地从31处扩展至141处,遗产类型在文物遗产的基础上增加了聚落遗产（历史文化名镇、名村、街区）。最后提出在UNESCO世界遗产委员会建立“丝绸之路-海路”申遗专项基金。