绵竹三箭水S1井温泉补给源的同位素示踪研究

根据绵竹三箭水S1井相关地质区域内各水体的氢、氧同位素组成和放射性同位素氚浓度,结合该区的地质背景,利用同位素示踪手段,基本确定该井温泉地下水的成因为大气降水渗入补给主体含水层补给源在西北部1700m左右的“彭灌杂岩”高山区一带、补给量相对稳定,水温不会有大波动,有远期开发价值。     

遥感图象的马尔柯夫随机场模型的纹理识别方法

本文讨论了马尔柯夫随机场图象模型及邻域选择方法,提出了8邻域5特征参数的马尔柯夫随机场图象模型以及一套完整而有效的特征参数的估计算法,将这些特征参数变成可视图象从而实现了视算。对8类不同纹理的标准图象进行分类试验,其识别(分类)的平均正确率达97.57％。     

往复活塞式制冷压缩机性能系数的曲面回归方程

采用非线性二乘法对国产１２．５系列往复活塞式制冷压缩机的实测性能数据进行拟合，得出描述该系列制冷压缩机性能系数与运行工况之间相关关系的曲面回归方程，为制冷系统的数值计算、动态特性模拟和优化设计提供数学模型。     

Study of a comprehensive assessment method of the environmental quality of soil in industrial and mining gathering areas

Industrial and mining activities have been recognized as major sources of heavy metal contamination in soil. Here, we developed a comprehensive assessment method for the soil environment in industrial and mining gathering areas based on the pressure–state–response model. Using this method, we assessed the environmental quality of soil in a typical industrial and mining gathering area in Tianjin City, China. The results are as follows: (1) The comprehensive environmental quality index of the soil in the study area was 0.532, which corresponds to an alert state and shows that the soil environment is generally poor. (2) The pressure, state, and response indexes were 0.609, 0.634, and 0.163, respectively, which suggests that the pressure in the soil environment of the study area is barely acceptable, and the state is merely passable. Furthermore, the response measures are not ideal. (3) The low response index scores indicate poor production processes, low pollutant treatment level, and unsatisfactory level of management by the enterprises in the study area. (4) The distribution of soil risks was found to be inseparably related to that of contamination sources and land use types. Furthermore, the distribution was uneven to a certain degree. Finally, we propose recommendations for the optimization, adjustment, and management of typical industrial and mining gathering areas with petrochemical, metallurgy, and other heavily polluting enterprises.     

洛阳市暴雨时空分布特征

对洛阳市1961-2005年10个站逐日雨量资料统计分析结果表明:洛阳暴雨集中在7-9月,且7-8月单站暴雨较多。有2个暴雨多发区域中心,一个在北部的丘陵区,另一个在南部山区。年区域暴雨出现≥4次时,有准3 a的周期变化规律;≤3次时,有准5 a的周期变化规律。     

天山两侧山前新生代构造变形特征及其成因刍议

摘要：天山两侧山前新生代构造变形强烈,是研究盆山耦合动力学机制的理想场所。文中在综合分析前人资料基础上,结合作者的野外观测和分析,综述了天山两侧盆山转换部位不同段的新生代构造变形特征,并进行对比分析。结果显示,新生代构造变形在天山南北山前相似性和差异性共存:变形由山体向盆地扩展,时间逐渐变新;但是南侧比北侧变形起始时间早,地壳缩短量和缩短率大。在东西方向上新生代构造变形也存在明显的分段相似性特征,整体上显示出斜方对称的变形图像:东天山博格达山前为基底式逆冲推覆,南侧为走滑变形;中天山南北两侧为多排子的褶皱 逆冲推覆构造,西天山南侧也为基底式的逆冲推覆,北侧为走滑变形。综合前人研究,认为印度和亚洲大陆的碰撞及其随后陆陆汇聚作用的远程效应,是形成天山两侧山前新生代构造变形在南北方向上相似性和差异性的主要原因;而天山山体内部先存的相对刚性地块和大型断裂,则导致了新生代构造变形的东西向分段差异性和斜方对称的特征。     

Spatial and temporal analyses of air pollutants and meteorological driving forces in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region,China

Due to its negative impact on the living environment of human beings, ambient air pollution has become a global challenge to human health. In this study, surface observations of six criteria air pollutants, including PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂, CO and O₃, were collected to investigate the spatial and temporal variation in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region during 2013–2016 and to explore the relationships between atmospheric pollutants and meteorological variables using quantile regression model (QRM) and multiple linear regression model (MLRM). The results show that BTH region has experienced significant air pollution, and the southern part generally has more severe conditions. The annual average indicates clear decreasing trends of the particulate matters, SO₂ and CO concentrations over the last 4 years and slight increasing trends of NO₂ and O₃ in several cities. The seasonal and monthly characteristics indicate that the concentrations of five species reach their maxima in the winter and their minima in the summer, whereas O₃ has the opposite behaviour. Finally, the pseudo R² values show that the QRMs have the best performance in the winter, followed by spring, fall, and summer. Specifically, all the meteorological factors have significant impacts on air pollution but change with pollutants and seasons. The MLRM results are generally consistent with the QRM results in all seasons, and the inconsistencies are more common in the fall and winter. The results of this research provide foundational knowledge for predicting the response of air quality to climate change in the BTH region.     

苏澳一与那国岛断面上黑潮流速结构的特征及其季节变化

自北赤道流延伸而来的黑潮，起源于我国台湾省的东南海域。当黑潮沿着台湾岛东岸北上时，它的主轴通过苏澳-与那国岛断面，自北太平洋进入我国东海，成为我国东、黄海海流系统的“大动脉”。显然，黑潮的流速结构及其变化，对东、黄海水文特征的分布、变化以及我国东部沿海地区的气候，特别是旱涝现象，都有着密切的关系。所以，有关这一问题的探讨是很有意义的。而欲研究黑潮的上述问题，取苏澳-与那国岛断面作为探讨的核心是很合适的，因为这个断面不仅离黑潮源地较近，而且位于黑潮进入东海首当其冲的关键性区域。 关于黑潮在这一断面上海洋水文状态的变化情况，日本学者须田晥次(K.Suda,1937-1938)曾作过广泛的研究，他主要分析了黑潮源地区域标量场(温、盐、密度等)的逐月变化特征。本文拟引用须田当年所列举的温、盐度资料，来研究黑潮的流速结构(主要是流速分布和输送量)及其季节变化，并结合现有的海面风应力资料，试图对黑潮输送量的季节变化及其原因作一初步的探讨，并作为进一步研究黑潮变动规律的参考。     

Effect of stocking density on water quality and (Growth,Body Composition and Plasma Cortisol Content) performance of pen-reared rainbow trout (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oncorhynchus mykiss</Emphasis>)

The goal of the study was to examine the effect of stocking density on the water quality of culture area, as well as the growth, body composition and cortisol content of rainbow trout（Oncorhynchus mykiss）. Pen-reared trout were stocked in densities of 40, 60, 80 fish individuals m^-3(4.6, 6.6, 8.6 kg m^-3, SD1, SD2 and SD3 groups, respectively) for 300 days. Compared to the water from SD1 and SD2, that from SD3 exhibited significantly higher NH₄⁺-N content and COD（chemical-oxygen-demand）, and a significant reduction of dissolved oxygen in day 180(40.6 kg m^-3). Stocking density was significantly associated with body weight, standard length, VSI（viscerosomatic index）, CF（condition factor） and FC（food coefficient） in group SD3, particularly in day 240 and day 300(45 or 49.3 kg m^-3). Increased crude fat and decreased crude protein were displayed in high density group when the density reached to 36 kg m^-3. As a cumulative effect of density-related stress, VSI, CF, FC, moisture, and crude protein content varied over time in each density group（SD1, SD2, and SD3）. In summary, trout exhibited a better growth performance in low density(26.3 kg m^-3) than those reared in high densities(36 and 45 kg m^-3). The results indicate that rainbow trout（114.44 g ± 6.21 g, 19.69 cm ± 0.31 cm） initially stocked in 6.6 or 8.6 kg m^-3 should be lightened to less than 36 kg m^-3 after an intensive rearing for 240 days.     

中国地震电磁现象的观测与研究

对近年来中国地震电磁现象(包括地面电磁场、大气电场、地磁脉冲和电离层扰动等)的观测研究进行了重点介绍。