地下铁道的振动及其控制措施的研究

150年来地下铁道得到了广泛的发展,近20年来我国的地下铁道更是得到了迅猛的发展.在地下铁道给城市居民的工作和生活带来方便的同时,其引发的振动与噪音也给城市建设和居民生活带来了危害.本文从振动产生、振动传播和振动作用三个阶段论述了地铁振源及其传播的规律;传播特性与振源频率、振源与轨道距离、振动频率,以及列车运行速度、隧道埋深、地质条件、建筑物结构等有关;振动传播影响因素包括:土壤类型、钢轨类型、轨道类型、建筑物质量类型、建筑物材料等;地铁振动的危害是多方面的,噪声干扰人们的日常生活,振动对建筑物的安全性、使用寿命造成影响,同时还影响精密仪表测量等.本文提出了在规划设计阶段、施工阶段的振动控制措施,以期减小其危害.     

Physiological Responses of Halophyte Suaeda salsa to Water Table and Salt Stresses in Coastal Wetland of Yellow River Delta

Soil salinity and waterlogging are two major environmental problems in estuarine wetlands. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of salt stress, water table, and their combination on growth, chlorophyll content, antioxidant system, and ion accumulation in Suaeda salsa plant, which is the pioneer plant in coastal wetland of the Yellow River Delta (YRD). The results showed that plant height, number of branches, and biomass were significantly affected by water table and salt stress. With enhanced salt stress, the ratio of leaf to total biomass increased and the ratio of root to total biomass decreased. The contents of Chl‐a, ‐b, Chl‐a + b, and carotenoids (Car) decreased significantly with increasing soil salinity and the water table level. Salt stress enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), but reduced the content of protein. With the lowering water table level, the activity of CAT and protein content increased, and activity of SOD decreased. Na⁺ and Cl^? content were up‐regulated with increasing salt stress (NaCl), whereas, the contents of other cations (K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺) and anions ( and ) were decreased. In summary, the results indicated that the S. salsa plants could adapt to the adverse soil environments through modifying their growth and physiology status at the highly saline and intertidal zone, such as the YRD estuarine wetlands, and also could be used as a bio‐reclamation plant to decline the high salt in saline soils.     

中国煤地质学发展历程及其影响因素分析

中国煤地质学已经历萌芽、创建准备、创建和大发展等四个阶段。影响其产生和发展的主要因素有生产力、社会制度、外力推动、教育促进和新技术应用等。随着改革开放的深入,我国煤地质学研究在上述因素作用下,呈现出新的发展前景,表现在研究领域、新技术与理论应用、国际间合作及煤地质科技人才培养等诸方面都具有较大的发展空间。     

辽宁沿海经济带产业结构分析

辽宁沿海经济带开发开放上升为国家战略之后不仅使其成为全省经济总量扩张承载的重要区域,而且还肩负着辽宁转变经济发展方式、加大产业结构调整的重要使命。在应用三轴图法研究辽宁沿海经济带产业结构的变化及其轨迹的基础上,利用SSM模型及其计算公式对辽宁沿海经济带产业结构进行比较分析,认为营口、丹东、锦州等城市的第一产业竞争力较强,其第二产业的发展水平都较高,尤以大连、营口两市为突出,锦州、营口两市的第三产业发展速度较快。依据分析结果并结合辽宁十二五经济社会发展战略,提出辽宁沿海经济带加快转变经济发展方式、加大产业结构调整的对策建议。     

差分GPS在乌拉特后旗1:25万区域重力调查中的应用

测地工作精度的高低直接影响着重力测量的精度,研究并采取行之有效的测地方法来配合重力测量工作是十分必要的。乌拉特后旗1:25万区域重力调查GPS测地工作采用1954年北京坐标系,重力测点平面位置、正常高采用差分GPS测量方法。结果表明,采用此方法既能满足技术要求,又达到了省时省力,且达到了重力测量的精度要求。     

A proposed frequency spectrum for fully developed wind waves by revisiting P-M spectrum

It is generally believed that the equilibrium range of wind wave spectrum is in the form of the −4 rather than −5 power law. However, in the widely applied P-M spectrum the equilibrium range is given in the form of −5 power law. In the present paper, a spectrum for full development of wind waves is proposed using the form of the Neumann spectrum, but adopting the −4 power law for the equilibrium range. The proposed spectrum has been verified with NDBC buoy data and could be a substitute for the P-M spectrum.     

Lunar Penetrating Radar onboard the Chang'e-3 mission

Lunar Penetrating Radar(LPR) is one of the important scientific instruments onboard the Chang'e-3 spacecraft. Its scientific goals are the mapping of lunar regolith and detection of subsurface geologic structures. This paper describes the goals of the mission, as well as the basic principles, design, composition and achievements of the LPR. Finally, experiments on a glacier and the lunar surface are analyzed.     

HCFC-123与CFC-11的对比评价

通过模拟计算压力比、单位容积制冷量和理论循环制冷系数等性能指标，对比评价HCFC－123和CFC－11两种制冷工质。理论分析表明：HCFC-123工质性质接近于CFC－11，是当前可以接受的CFC－11的过渡性替代工质．     

积屑瘤和鳞刺问题的理论探析

应用位错理论和摩擦磨损原理对积屑瘤和鳞刺的形成机理进行探讨，并对它们的消长规律作了理论上的解释。认为积屑瘤和鳞刺的形成及其变化与材料的强度－温度特性和位错行为有关，揭示了积屑瘤受前刀面摩擦挤压作用和切削温度影响的本质，确立了鳞刺形成的四个阶段（空洞形成、裂纹形成、裂纹扩展、拉裂）及其机理，强调了后刀面摩擦挤压作用对鳞刺的影响。     

Ab Initio Prediction of 29Si-NMR Chemical Shifts

The ability of several ab initio models to predict experimental 29Si-NMR chemical shift is examined. The shielding values of trimethylsilyl chloride (A), t-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (B) and allyltrimethylsilane (C) are calculated by GIAO, CSGT and IGAIM methods, using HF/6-31G*, B3LYP/6-31G*, HF/6-311+G**, B3LYP/6-311+G** and MPWlPW91/6-311+G** models respectively. The 29Si chemical shifts calculated by GIAO method using HF/6-311+G**model are highly in agreement with those obtained experimentally. All of the models above reproduce the trends of chemical shifts in all cases studied, suggesting that the models are of practical value.