许昌古城景观的特色与重建

在回顾许昌古城历史渊源的基础上,归纳了许昌古城的景观特色:绿地与水面交错,生态景观齐备;居住与商业功能区明晰,街区格局完整;历史沉淀久远,文化底蕴深厚;受中原文明熏陶,社会风俗古朴。从城市景观的社会、文化、生态和经济价值出发,结合许昌古城景观特色,提出了许昌古城景观的重建建议:以护城河景观带为切入点,建设自然与人文因素和谐共生的生态景观;从复兴和保护角度,构建汉魏风格的古城街区景观;从发掘和弘扬角度,突出许昌古城的汉魏文化景观;从明晰现代城市功能角度,开发旅游产业景观。     

鄂尔多斯高原景观格局变化分析--以伊金霍洛旗为例

以位于内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原上的伊金霍洛旗为研究区域，以景观生态学的数量分析方法为基本手段，在土地利用现状分类体系下，以其1984、1991和1998年3个年度的土地利用图为基础。从区域和斑块类型两个尺度上，对其景观格局进行了数量分析。结果表明，在三个典型年度。天然草地为伊金霍洛旗的景观基质，景观格局指数的所有变化均是在此基础上发生和演变的。从整个景观尺度的格局指数变化情况显示，伊金霍洛旗景观的破碎化程度在增加；同时景观的异质性程度在下降，景观愈来愈有少数景观斑块类型所控制。而在斑块类型这一尺度上的格局指数变化说明，不同类型斑块的复杂性的变化趋势基本相同，即均有不同程度的增长，但增加幅度有限；同时还说明，不同类型斑块内部其大小差异的幅度在不断缩小。但从不同年度的变化情况来看，无论是区域还是不同的斑块类型，其格局指数的变化并不与总体的变化趋势同步。     

基于GeoDA-GIS的四川省县域经济空间分异研究

选取14项经济指标,构建一个充分反映县域经济发展水平的指标体系,采用因子分析法,结合探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)方法与GIS、GeoDA空间分析工具,得出四川县域经济发展水平的差异性及空间分异特征。结果表明,四川省181个县域单元的经济差异较大,总体上,经济发达县域处于川东盆地区,经济落后县域分布于川西高原区;全局自相关特征明显,全局Moran s I指数达0.634 4,县域经济发展水平存在显著的空间集聚特征;局部空间自相关分析和Moran聚集图、LISA聚集图更具体、直观地显示了县域经济空间集聚位置和分布特征,进一步揭示了四川县域经济发展的热区和盲区。     

New progress of research on water cycle in atmosphere in China

New progresses are introduced briefly about the water cycle study on atmosphere of China made in recent years. The introduction includes eight aspects as follows: 1) precipitation characteristics, 2) stability of climatic system, 3) precipitation sensitive region, 4) regional evaporation and evapotranspiration, 5) water surface evaporation, 6) vegetation transpiration, 7) cloud physics, and 8) vapor source.     

Variability of atmospheric freezing level height derived from radiosonde data in China during 1958–2005 and its impact to cryosphere changes

Atmospheric air temperature data from 92 stations in China’s radiosonde network were used to analyze changes in the freezing level height (FLH), glacier snow line, and ice edge from 1958–2005 (48 years) and to examine the impact of these changes on the cryosphere. In general, the FLH, glacier snow line, and ice edge exhibited latitudinal zonation, declining from south to north. Trends in the FLH, glacier snow line, and ice edge showed spatial heterogeneity during the study period, with prevailing upward trends. Temporally, the FLH, glacier snow line, and ice edge trends differed on various time scales.     

Delineation of different phytoplankton communities in the East China Sea mackerel and carangoid fishing ground

Delineation of phytoplankton communities in this study was based on: 1) cluster analysis by Preston's Equation (1962) and 2) analysis of the number of individuals. Results obtained by these two methods were very similar to that obtained in a previous study (Fig. 1, Gu and Guo, 1982) based on analysis of the number of planktonic species of different ecological nature. Among these three methods, that based on cluster analysis (by which some subcommunities could be recognized) proved to be the best. Contribution No. 1841 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica.     

Experimental Investigation on Coal Deterioration Deformation Mechanism and Energy Evolution Law after High Temperature Pre-damage

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - Deep coals are generally in a high geothermal environment, and when UCG (underground coal gasification) is carried out, the long-term high temperature...     

Sensitivity assessment of strontium isotope as indicator of polluted groundwater for hydraulic fracturing flowback fluids produced in the Dameigou Shale of Qaidam Basin

Hydrogeochemical processes that would occur in polluted groundwater and aquifer system, may reduce the sensitivity of Sr isotope being the indicator of hydraulic fracturing flowback fluids(HFFF) in groundwater. In this paper, the Dameigou shale gas field in the northern Qaidam Basin was taken as the study area, where the hydrogeochemical processes affecting Sr isotope was analysed. Then, the model for Sr isotope in HFFF-polluted groundwater was constructed to assess the sensitivity of Sr isotope as HFFF indicator. The results show that the dissolution can release little Sr to polluted groundwater and cannot affect the εSr(the deviation of the 87 Sr/86 Sr ratio) of polluted groundwater. In the meantime, cation exchange can considerably affect Sr composition in the polluted groundwater. The Sr with low εSr is constantly released to groundwater from the solid phase of aquifer media by cation exchange with pollution of Quaternary groundwater by the HFFF and it accounts for 4.6% and 11.0% of Sr in polluted groundwater when the HFFF flux reaches 10% and 30% of the polluted groundwater, respectively. However, the Sr from cation exchange has limited impact on Sr isotope in polluted groundwater. Addition of Sr from cation exchange would only cause a 0.2% and 1.2% decrease in εSr of the polluted groundwater when the HFFF flux reaches 10% and 30% of the polluted groundwater, respectively. These results demonstrate that hydrogeochemical processes have little effect on the sensitivity of Sr isotope being the HFFF indicator in groundwater of the study area. For the scenario of groundwater pollution by HFFF, when the HFFF accounts for 5%(in volume percentage) of the polluted groundwater, the HFFF can result in detectable shifts of εSr(ΔεSr=0.86) in natural groundwater. Therefore, after consideration of hydrogeochemical processes occurred in aquifer with input of the HFFF, Sr isotope is still a sensitive indicator of the Quaternary groundwater pollution by the HFFF produced in the Dameigou shale of Qaidam Basin.     

不同成因类型煤中烷基环己烷和烷基苯的特征探讨

通过对藻煤、烛煤、腐殖煤共生煤层的分析，将不同成因类型煤中的烷基环己烷和烷基苯进行了比较。结果表明，不同成因类型煤中所含的烷基环己烷和烷基苯明显不同。各种成因类型煤中烷基环己烷和烷基苯所提供的母质信息与煤岩结果吻合。氧化环境不利于烷基环己烷和烷基苯的形成。烷基环己烷和烷基苯有时可以作为沉积环境和成熟度的标志。     

岩石电学性质实验研究方向展望

分析了岩心电性实验的内涵,介绍了油藏条件下岩石电学性质的研究现状以及对岩心电性实验方法的冲击.结合目前对不同地层特性岩石的电学性质的认识,就复杂储层评价的岩心电性实验方法、岩心电性实验技术装备、岩心电性实验技术规范化、岩心数值实验方法等方面对岩心电性实验的研究方向做了展望,认为：①岩心电性实验方法应立足于储层岩石的岩性、物性、孔隙结构、非均质性等地层特性;②系统地模拟和控制储层的温度、压力、润湿性条件、毛管与电性平衡等油藏条件,并使各种相关技术规范化,是其发展的必然趋势;③岩心数值实验方法可能作为实验室岩心电性实验的辅助手段之一在储层含油性评价中发挥作用.