Multi-scale wavelet analysis of TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter significant wave height in eastern China seas

The multi-scale characteristics of wave significant height (Hss) in eastern China seas were revealed by multi-scale wavelet analysis. In order to understand the relation between wave and wind, the TOPEX/Poseidon measurements of Hs and wind speed were analyzed. The result showed that Hs and wind speed change in multi-scale at one-, two-month, half-, one- and two-year cycles. But in a larger time scale, the variations in Hs and wind speed are different. Hs has a five-year cycle similar to the cycle of ENSO variation, while the wind speed has no such cycle. In the time domain, the correlation between Hs and ENSO is unclear.     

应用于地球深部物质科学研究的静态超高压实验技术

三十多年来静态超高压实验技术已发展成为实验压力、温度范围分别为1～550GPa,-256°～3500℃,主要应用于下地壳、地幔及地核物质的物理和化学性质研究,并已取得大量研究成果的一项实验技术。本文简要介绍了该项实验技术与地学领域其它高温高压实验技术的区别,以及静态超高压实验装置的两大系列——金钢石压腔装置和大腔体高压装置的特点和应用情况。并对这两大系列实验技术的发展前景和我国应有的对策进行了评述。     

Toward a stepwise Kwangsian Orogeny

The Kwangsian Orogeny originated along the southeast coast of China and stepwise developed in a northwest direction. It includes two stages, a long locally varying uplift from the Late Ordovician to the early Silurian and a finally tectonic movement near the Silurian and Devonian transition. The Kwangsian uplift event shows a stepwise delay northwestwards from the southeastern coast area in Nemagraptus gracilis Biozone (Sa1) to the south side of the Xuefeng Mountains in or later than Cystograptus vesiculosus Biozone (R3) to Coronograptus cyphus Biozone (R4). In the southern of Yangtze Platform, the Yichang Uplift was droved by the Kwangsian Orogeny forming a diachronous stratigraphical break through Rhuddanian and Aeronian. The distribution of the early Telychian lower marine red beds indicates a northwestward increase of the Cathaysian Oldland. Stratigraphical evidence may explain why the Kwangsian movement was marked by an angular disconformity during the Pridoli to earliest Devonian interval.     

歧口凹陷热液流体活动及其对储集层的改造

为了明确富油气凹陷中热液流体活动的发育特征及其对储集层的改造作用,以渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷为研究对象,通过岩心、薄片、XRF元素扫描、扫描电镜观察和地层水矿化度、热解、包裹体均一温度、黏土矿物、微量元素、稀土元素、常规物性等资料,分析了歧口凹陷热液流体活动发育的证据,明确其对不同类型储层的改造方式,认为歧口凹陷中热液流体活...     

中国内陆河流域植被对气候变化的敏感性差异(英文)

Terrestrial ecosystem and climate system are closely related to each other. Faced with the unavoidable global climate change, it is important to investigate terrestrial ecosystem responding to climate change. In inland river basin of arid and semi-arid regions in China, sensitivity difference of vegetation responding to climate change from 1998 to 2007 was analyzed in this paper. (1) Differences in the global spatio-temporal distribution of vegetation and climate are obvious. The vegetation change shows a slight degradation in this whole region. Degradation is more obvious in densely vegetated areas. Temperature shows a gen-eral downward trend with a linear trend coefficient of -1.1467. Conversely, precipitation shows an increasing trend with a linear trend coefficient of 0.3896. (2) About the central tendency response, there are similar features in spatial distribution of both NDVI responding to precipitation (NDVI-P) and NDVI responding to AI (NDVI-AI), which are contrary to that of NDVI responding to air temperature (NDVI-T). Typical sensitivity region of NDVI-P and NDVI-AI mainly covers the northern temperate arid steppe and the northern temperate desert steppe. NDVI-T typical sensitivity region mainly covers the northern temperate desert steppe. (3) Regarding the fluctuation amplitude response, NDVI-T is dominated by the lower sensi-tivity, typical regions of the warm temperate shrubby, selui-shrubby, bare extreme dry desert, and northern temperate meadow steppe in the east and temperate semi-shrubby, dwarf ar-boreous desert in the north are high response. (4) Fluctuation amplitude responses between NDVI-P and NDVI-AI present a similar spatial distribution. The typical sensitivity region mainly covers the northern temperate desert steppe. There are various linear change trend re-sponses of NDVI-T, NDVI-P and NDVI-AI. As to the NDVI-T and NDVI-AI, which are influ-enced by the boundary effect of semi-arid and semi-humid climate zones, there is less cor-relation of their linear change tendency along the border. There is stronger correlation in other regions, especially in the NDVI-T in the northern temperate desert steppe and NDVI-AI in the warm temperate shrubby, selui-shrubby, bare, extreme and dry desert.     

Research on paleoearthquakes in Jiuxian trenches across Nankou-Sunhe fault zone in Changping County of Beijing plain

An abundance of the phenomena of tectonic deformation and paleoseismic events of different times and their recurrent interval, as well as coseismic vertical displacements is exposed in Jiuxian trenches across the Nankou-Sunhe fault zone in Changping County. The research result shows three paleoearthquakes occurring during the Holocene. They were dated as 10643 ± 250 a B.P.-9706 ± 1235 a B.P., 7894±150 a B.P.-7640 ± 650 a B.P., and 3987±100 a B.P.-3670 ± 310 a B.P., respectively. The coseismic vertical displacements are 1.0 m, 2.0 m, and 2.0 m, respectively. From a statistical formula of relation between historic earthquake magnitudes and surface seismic dislocations in North China, the magnitudes of these paleoearthquakes are inferred to be in a range from M 7.7 to M 7.9. The research shows that the Holocene fault activity in the plain can be traced in the trenches according to the micro-geomorphic features. Many micro-structural phenomena are also found in these trenches. Identification of the paleoearthquakes in the Nankou-Sunhe fault zone during the Holocene time is of significance for assessment of future seismic risk in Beijing area.     

塔中Ⅰ号断裂带北段构造裂缝面密度与分形统计

断裂如何控制其附近构造裂缝的发育程度是碳酸盐岩地区构造裂缝定量研究的重要方面,对碳酸盐岩裂缝性油气藏的储层预测具有重要的意义.文中以塔中Ⅰ号断裂带为例,重点研究逆冲断裂控制构造裂缝的分布规律,对其控制的构造裂缝面密度和分形进行了研究.研究结果表明,塔中工号断裂控制的构造裂缝的裂缝面密度与距断裂的距离呈指数关系,其控制的...     

Mud mass transport due to waves based on an empirical rheology model featured by hysteresis loop

A vertical 2-D water–mud numerical model is developed for estimating the rate of mud mass transport under wave action. A nonlinear semi-empirical rheology model featured by remarkable hysteresis loops in the relationships of the shear stress versus both the shear strain and the rate of shear strain of mud is applied to this water–mud model. A logarithmic grid in the vertical direction is employed for numerical treatment, which increases the resolution of the flow in the neighborhood of both sides of the interface. Model verifications are given through comparisons between the calculated and the measured mud mass transport velocities as well as wave height changes.     

呷村银多金属块状硫化物矿床银的赋存状态

通过大量岩石、矿石光（薄）片观察鉴定、电子探针分析、首次查明呷村海相火山岩型银多金属状块硫化物矿床有硫砷铜银矿和硫砷铜矿两种硫盐矿物。研究表明，除硫化物外（主要为方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铁矿，其次为黄铜矿，毒砂，斑铜矿，铜铜银矿，螺硫银矿，磁黄铁矿等），硫盐矿物十分发育，主要有黝铜矿、车轮矿、硫砷铜矿、硫砷铜银矿等。该矿床中的银主要在喷流-沉积成矿阶段富集。     

论碰撞造山带的分类

近年来碰撞造山带研究取得了很大进展,为碰撞造山带分类奠定了基础。1992年,Sengor提出了一个三分法的分类。但是,这个分类不能涵盖所有的碰撞造山带,同时其内部还有重叠。本文主要依据参与碰撞的单元,即板块、微板块、前缘弧、残留弧和增生弧,提出一个新的分类方案,即将碰撞造山带分为陆-陆,陆-前缘弧,陆-残留弧,陆-增生弧,弧-弧,陆-弧-陆6种类型。从世界各地的碰撞造山带来看,陆-陆碰撞型是很少见的,也就是说,威尔逊旋回不论在现代还是古代地质历史上都是罕有发生的,而大多数碰撞造山带都是非威尔逊旋回型的。