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451.
During the late sixth century and early seventh century, the Eastern Turkic Empire (i.e., the Eastern Turkic Khanate) was the most powerful country in the Northeast Asia. It collapsed suddenly in a.d. 630, and historians concluded that the combination of social, political and economic factors, as well as the invasion of the Tang Empire, would be the root cause. Here we suggest that a climatic cooling event ca. a.d. 627–629 could be the direct cause. In a.d. 627–629, the Eastern Turkic Empire experienced severe disasters of snow and frost. Many of the sheep and horses died. People suffered great famine and massive deaths. The Empire fell into severe national crisis and collapsed in a.d. 630. Simultaneously, the Tang Empire also experienced three successive years of frost disasters. Climatic cooling possibly also occurred in other regions. Our investigation of the ca. a.d. 627–629 climatic cooling event also improved our understanding of another problem: was the climatic event due to the impact of a ca. a.d. 626 volcanic eruption? 相似文献
452.
以徐州市区2000年和2006年土地利用基础数据为数据源,建立景观类型与土地利用类型的对应关系。将徐州市区景观划分成农业景观、园林绿地景观、居住景观、工业景观、商服公共设施景观、水体景观、交通景观和其他景观8种类型,获得2000,2006年徐州市区景观分类图。计算出景观格局指数,利用GIS的空间分析功能,对徐州市区景观格局及其变化特征进行分析。结果表明:在城市化驱动下,徐州市区农业景观主要向居住景观、工业景观转移,商服公共设施景观、居住景观和工业景观的相互转移频繁;农业景观在空间上逐渐分散,其余的景观类型呈现聚集的趋势;徐州市区呈现出景观异质性程度、斑块破碎化程度和斑块复杂化程度均加强的景观格局变化趋势。 相似文献
453.
454.
基于自动气象站与自动雨量站的气象服务、监视及自动报警系统 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:1
用自动气象站和乡镇加密自动雨量站采集的雨量等气象要素数据,编程研制开发了气象服务、监视及自动报警系统.该系统以数据库为核心,利用气象基本业务通信网络,采用客户机/服务器模式,实现了区域面雨量评估、乡镇加密自动雨量站数据采集入库情况监视、根据不同的时间段所对应的降雨强度量级自动报警、自动气象站采集数据的实时自动入库、各气象要素彩色图形的自动绘制等功能.文章主要介绍该系统的结构设计、开发各子系统的目的和各功能实现的原理及方法等. 相似文献
455.
456.
457.
郑州市空气质量状况及冬季持续污染过程的气象机理分析 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2
利用2004-2008年郑州市环境监测站所监测的SO2、NO2、PM10日平均浓度资料及历史气象资料,分析了郑州市近5a的空气质量状况与特征,并以2006年12月份的2次持续性污染过程为例,分析了气象条件对污染物浓度的影响,结果显示:郑州市以煤烟型污染为主,污染物浓度具有明显的季节变化特征,冬春季节污染物浓度明显高于夏秋季节;冬季均压场中持续多日风速小、近地面层出现逆温层是造成郑州市出现持续污染事件的主要气象条件,持续性污染过程往往因受冷空气的影响而结束。 相似文献
458.
459.
华北南缘古元古代末岩墙群侵位的磁组构证据 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
华北克拉通南缘的中条山及邻区广泛发育元古宙放射状基性岩墙群,与五台山-恒山和大同地区的北北西向基性岩墙群以及熊耳中条拗拉谷的火山岩在时空分布和地球化学方面均具有密切的相关性。中条山及邻区放射状基性岩墙群的宏观和微观流动构造(包括捕虏体、冲痕构造、矿物线理和定向斑晶)指示岩墙群以一定的仰角向北西侵位。通过该区岩墙群磁化率各向异性(AMS)测量得到磁组构的最大磁化率长轴优势方位分布图和磁组构各向异性特征分析进一步指示华北南缘古元古代末岩墙群从熊耳中条拗拉谷的底部向北西侵位。岩墙群的流动构造和磁组构的统计成果夯实了华北克拉通古元古代末基性岩墙群与熊耳中条拗拉谷的成生联系。 相似文献
460.
Yongfeng Gao Zhusen Yang Zengqian Hou Ruihua Wei Xiangjin Meng Shihong Tian 《Lithos》2010,117(1-4):20-32
In the Yangbajing area, southern Tibet, several monogenic volcanoes were conformably superimposed on the Linzizong calc-alkaline volcanic successions. According to their petrologic and geochemical characteristics, these monogenic volcanoes are composed of three rock varieties: tephritic phonolitic plugs and shoshonitic and trachytic lavas. Their geochemical systematics reveals that low-pressure evolutionary processes in the large voluminous Linzizong calc-alkaline magmas were not responsible for the generation of these potassic–ultrapotassic rocks, but the significant change in petrologic and geochemical characteristics from the Linzizong calc-alkaline to potassic–ultrapotassic magma is likely accounted for the change of metasomatic agents in the southern Tibetan lithospheric mantle source during the Paleocene to Eocene. The tephritic phonolites containing both leucite and plagioclase show primary ultrapotassic character similar to that of Mediterranean plagioleucititic magmas. Radiogenic Sr increases with SiO2 in the xenolith-bearing trachytes strongly suggesting significant crustal assimilation in the shoshonitic magmas. The Yangbajing ultrapotassic rocks have high K2O and Al2O3, and show depletion of high field strength elements (HFSEs) with respect to large ion lithophile elements. In primitive mantle-normalized element diagrams, all samples are characterized by positive spikes at Th (U) and Pb with negative anomalies at Ba, Nb–Ta and Ti, reflecting the orogenic nature of the ultrapotassic rocks. They are characterized by highly radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr(i) ratios (0.7061–0.7063) and unradiogenic 143Nd/144Nd(i) (0.5125), and Pb isotopic compositions (206Pb/204Pb = 18.688–18.733, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.613–15.637, and 208Pb/204Pb = 38.861–38.930) similar to the global subducting sediment. Strong enrichment of incompatible trace elements and high Th fractionation from the other HFSEs (such as Nb and U) clearly indicate that the Th-enriched sedimentary component in a network veined mantle source was mainly introduced by sediment-derived melts. In addition, the ultrapotassic rocks have significant Ce (Ce/Ce* = 0.77–0.84) and Eu (Eu/Eu* = 0.72–0.75) anomalies, suggesting a subduction sediment input into the southern Tibetan lithospheric mantle source. In contrast, high U/Th (> 0.20) and Ba/Th (> 32) and low Th/La (< 0.3) in the shoshonites indicate that the Eocene potassic magma originated from partial melting of the surrounding peridotite mantle pervasively affected by slab-related fluid addition from the dehydration of either the subducting oceanic crust or the sediment. Thus, at least two different subduction-related metasomatic agents re-fertilized the upper mantle. According to the radiometric ages and spatial distribution, the Gangdese magmatic association shows a temporal succession from the Linzizong calc-alkaline to ultrapotassic magmas. This indicates a late arrival of recycled sediments within the Tibetan lithospheric mantle wedge. The most diagnostic signatures for the involvement of continent-derived materials are the super-chondritic Zr/Hf (45.5–49.2) and elevated Hf/Sm values (0.81–0.91) in the ultrapotassic rocks. Therefore, the occurrence of orogenic magmatism in the Gangdese belt likely represents the volcanic expression of the onset of the India–Asia collision, preceding the 10 Ma Neo-Tethyan slab break-off process at 42–40 Ma. The absence of residual garnet in the mantle source for the ultrapotassic volcanism seems to imply that the southern Tibetan lithosphere was not been remarkably thickened until the Eocene (~ 50 Ma). 相似文献