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11.
贵州省乡村贫困空间格局与形成机制分析 总被引:13,自引:5,他引:13
以贫困态势严峻、区域内部贫困差异大的贵州省为研究区,分析了贵州省区县层面乡村贫困的空间异质性和空间依赖性格局,定量测度了乡村贫困空间差异的影响因素和因素效应的空间差异性,进而归纳了贵州省乡村贫困的形成机制。结果发现,贵州省区县乡村贫困具有时空稳定性,呈现出东、南、西部高而中、北部低的“马蹄”形空间异质性格局。区县贫困存在较强的空间依赖性,“高-高”型贫困地域即空间贫困陷阱区域,集聚分布在贵州省的东南部、南部。定量模型发现,坡度、到所在市中心的距离、青少年人口占比、少数民族人口占比是导致贵州区县层面乡村贫困空间差异的显著因素,且这些因素的效应水平呈现出不同的空间模式。产业发展受限、劳动力流动性差、金融和人力资本积累不足是贵州贫困空间形成的主导机制。最后建议扶贫政策层面应将基于地方和基于人的政策相结合。 相似文献
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生物基可降解聚乳酸(PLA)沙障对沙丘表层沉积物粒度特征的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以吉兰泰盐湖北部流沙区铺设8 a的不同规格聚乳酸(PLA)沙障内沉积物为研究对象,利用激光衍射技术分析了沙丘表层0~3 cm沉积物粒度组成,计算并分析平均粒径、标准偏差等粒度参数,探讨了影响障内沉积物相对粗细的关键组分,分析PLA沙障的防沙效益。结果表明:PLA沙障内沉积物以细沙、中沙、极细沙为主。中沙、极细沙、细沙是障内沉积物的关键组分。PLA沙障的阻滞作用使得中沙、粗沙含量百分比升高,细颗粒含量百分比降低,障内沙粒分选性逐渐变差,峰态偏离正态分布,向负偏方向发展,频率分布曲线分布范围变宽,累积频率曲线变缓,表层颗粒组成趋于粗化。1 m×1 m规格PLA沙障内均以积沙为主;沙丘迎风坡和背风坡的2 m×2 m、3 m×3 m沙障内均为积沙状态,丘顶则为风蚀状态。综合考虑沙障铺设成本和防护效果,得出研究区域内2 m×2 m规格PLA沙障整体防沙效益最佳。 相似文献
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长江三峡库区梯田稳定性分析与对策*──以鄂西秭归县为例 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
三峡库区历史上就是滑坡、崩塌作用强烈的地带,在调查分析秭归县滑坡、崩塌对梯田稳定性的影响的基础上,探讨了四种不稳定梯田培坎的特征、性质和现状,提出了利用优势植物固土护坎等相应的对策。 相似文献
14.
Jianyi Yang Ruifeng Ding Yuan Zhang Maoqin Cong Fei Wang 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(9):1534-1551
Traveling salesman problem (TSP) and its quasi problem (Quasi-TSP) are typical problems in path optimization, and ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is considered as an effective way to solve TSP. However, when the problems come to high dimensions, the classic algorithm works with low efficiency and accuracy, and usually cannot obtain an ideal solution. To overcome the shortcoming of the classic algorithm, this paper proposes an improved ant colony optimization (I-ACO) algorithm which combines swarm intelligence with local search to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the algorithm. Experiments are carried out to verify the availability and analyze the performance of I-ACO algorithm, which cites a Quasi-TSP based on a practical problem in a tourist area. The results illustrate the higher accuracy and efficiency of the I-ACO algorithm to solve Quasi-TSP, comparing with greedy algorithm, simulated annealing, classic ant colony algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm, and prove that the I-ACO algorithm is a positive effective way to tackle Quasi-TSP. 相似文献
15.
The genetic diversity of both wild and reared Pseudosciaena crocea (Richardson) col-lected from Guan-Jing-Yang in Ningde, China in May 1999 was investigated by random amplified poly-morphic DNA (RAPD) in the present study. The polymorphism and mean difference of the wild popula-tion as revealed by RAPD were 18.9% and 0.0960 respectively, and those of the reared stocks were rel-atively lower, with 16.7% in polymorphism and 0.0747 in mean difference. The genetic distance be-tween the two stocks was 0.0041. From the comprehensive investigation, the main reasons for the loss of genetic diversity were probably overilshing, small number of parents as broodstocks and the debatable arti-ficial ranching. Results from this study also showed that the large yellow croaker populations distributed along Fujian coastal waters including Guan-Jing-Yang still potentially wide genetic variability. It is sug-gested that genetic management and prevention should be scientifically conducted in order to maintain and improve the genetic diversity of the P. crocea population. 相似文献
16.
Halo coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have been to be significantly faster than normal CMEs, which is a long-standing puzzle. In order to solve the puzzle, we first investigate the observed properties of 31 limb CMEs that clearly display loopshaped frontal loops. The observational results show a strong tendency that slower CMEs are weaker in white-light intensity. Then, we perform a Monte Carlo simulation of 20000 artificial limb CMEs that have an average velocity of ~523km s -1. The Thomson scattering of thes... 相似文献
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Yulin Ding Yuting Wu Qing Zhu Liguo Zhang Qianqian Sun Weixi Wang 《Transactions in GIS》2023,27(3):797-820
Bridges located in mountainous areas are vulnerable to rockfall accidents, posing a threat to bridge engineering construction and operation safety in these regions. Under the coupling effect of complex environments and engineering disturbances, integrated rockfall risk simulation has become increasingly important for canyon bridge structural protection in long-term construction and operation phases. One of the main scientific challenges in rockfall risk simulation is studying the interaction between rockfalls and the topography and engineering environments during consecutive contacts. To systematically simulate the integrated bridge rockfall risk, an integrated construction of multivariable elements coupled with rockfall risk environments and scenarios is required. In this article, we proposed a VGE-based integrated rockfall scenario simulation method that uses the “associated representation—integrated modelling—interactional simulation” core strategy. Our method constructs a virtual rockfall risk environment by fusing multisource data to represent rockfall factors that induce rockfall disasters, hazard-forming environments, and elements at risk. We design rockfall scenarios under different bridge engineering construction conditions and extreme environmental conditions to analyze the interactional rockfall risks. The results demonstrate that our method enables a systematic analysis of the potential integrated rockfall risk, providing realistic reference value for the timely and effective disposal of emergencies, and reducing the harm and losses caused by such emergencies. 相似文献
20.
数字化博物馆是一种结合前沿技术开发的区别传统实体博物馆的综合服务信息系统。本文对目前采用的基于图形和基于图像的两种数字化博物馆构建方法进行分析比较,提出了一种室外采用三维建模、室内采用360°全景图的混合式构建方法。探讨了混合式数字化博物馆在场景漫游和场景切换方面的关键技术,设计并实现了混合式数字化博物馆的框架结构与部分功能,是数字化博物馆建设的一种新的尝试。 相似文献