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DSC2型称重式降水传感器测雨性能的分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为更有效地利用降雨观测数据,充分发挥新型探测设备建设效益,文章对DS(2型称重降水传感器的测雨性能进行分析评估,选取北京市13个国家级地面气象观测站在2013年4—10月,称重式降水传感器与人工、翻斗观测降雨量的业务观测资料,分析称重与人工和翻斗观测在降雨总量、日降雨量等方面的差异。结果表明:在选取样本中,12个台站的总降雨量误差符合现行业务要求,三种测量在日降雨量等级判断方面基本一致。称重比人工观测的日降雨量平均偏小0.13 mm,日降雨量相关系数为0.9968,对应地,称重比翻斗观测的结果平均偏小0.17 mm,日降雨量相关系数为0.9983。 相似文献
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无人机影像匹配中尺度不变特征应用改进 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
针对尺度不变特征变换算法用于无人机影像匹配中存在匹配效率低下,误匹配较多等问题,该文提出一种特征点提取优化算法,并改进了特征点匹配策略。通过将原始影像划分格网,依据每个格网影像信息熵的大小来合理分配各格网中特征点数量,实现了基于纹理信息丰富程度的特征点均匀分布;基于Harris兴趣值进行筛选,保留了适合于摄影测量的特征点;采用一种多层次自适应的匹配策略,在尽可能保留正确匹配的同时提高了匹配正确率。基于一对由小型无人机拍摄影像的实验结果表明,所提方法在大量减少SIFT特征点的同时,保证较高的正确率,增加了匹配点的精度,且提高了算法效率。 相似文献
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Within a wide range of best management practices for stormwater management in urban areas, there has been an increasing interest in source control measures. Source controls such as low-impact development (LID) techniques are potentially attractive as retrofit options for older developed areas that lack available land to implement conventional measures such as stormwater management ponds. Hence, distributed urban drainage models requiring detailed representation of developed drainage areas should be developed to accurately estimate the benefits that LIDs may provide. This study (1) presents a two-stage classification process on a high-resolution WorldView-2 image, and (2) demonstrates how to use the extracted land cover information in the subsequent hydrologic modelling and assessment of different LIDs’ performance. The proposed two-stage classification method achieved an overall accuracy of 80.6%, whereas a traditional pixel-based achieved 68.4% in classifying the same urban area into six land cover classes. From the classification results, the hydrologic properties of micro-subcatchments were imported in the United States Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model to assess the performance of LIDs. A reduction of run-off volume 18.2% and 37.1% was found with the implementation of porous pavement and bioretention, respectively, in a typical low-rise residential area located in the city of San Clemente, California, US. The study demonstrates the use of high-resolution remote sensing image to aid in evaluating LID retrofit options, and thus benefits in situations where detailed drainage area information is not available. 相似文献
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Cellular automata (CA) are useful for studies on urban growth and land‐use changes. Although various methods have been developed to define transition rules, modeling urban growth of large areas remains a tough challenge owing to heterogeneous geographical features. To address the problem, we present a novel method based on the combination of Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) and knowledge transfer techniques. FCA is used to solicit association rules among cities within a large area. This method can provide a theoretical basis for the knowledge transfer process. A cutting‐edge algorithm called TrAdaBoost is then integrated with the commonly‐used Logistic‐CA as the modeling framework. The proposed method is applied to the urban growth modeling of Guangdong Province, a large region with 21 cities in China, from 2005 to 2008. Compared with traditional methods, this method can achieve better results at the provincial and local levels, according to the experiments. The combination of FCA and knowledge transfer is expected to provide a useful tool for calibrating large‐scale urban CA models. 相似文献
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Classifying Human Activity Patterns from Smartphone Collected GPS data: A Fuzzy Classification and Aggregation Approach 下载免费PDF全文
Smartphones have emerged as a promising type of equipment for monitoring human activities in environmental health studies. However, degraded location accuracy and inconsistency of smartphone‐measured GPS data have limited its effectiveness for classifying human activity patterns. This study proposes a fuzzy classification scheme for differentiating human activity patterns from smartphone‐collected GPS data. Specifically, a fuzzy logic reasoning was adopted to overcome the influence of location uncertainty by estimating the probability of different activity types for single GPS points. Based on that approach, a segment aggregation method was developed to infer activity patterns, while adjusting for uncertainties of point attributes. Validations of the proposed methods were carried out based on a convenient sample of three subjects with different types of smartphones. The results indicate desirable accuracy (e.g. up to 96% in activity identification) using of this method. Two examples are provided in the Appendix to illustrate how the proposed methods could be applied in environmental health studies. Researchers could tailor this scheme to fit a variety of research topics. 相似文献
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The kernel function is a key factor to determine the performance of a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Choosing and constructing appropriate kernel function models has been a hot topic in SVM studies. But so far, its implementation can only rely on the experience and the specific sample characteristics without a unified pattern. Thus, this article explored the related theories and research findings of kernel functions, analyzed the classification characteristics of EO-1 Hyperion hyperspectral imagery, and combined a polynomial kernel function with a radial basis kernel function to form a new kernel function model (PRBF). Then, a hyperspectral remote sensing imagery classifier was constructed based on the PRBF model, and a genetic algorithm (GA) was used to optimize the SVM parameters. On the basis of theoretical analysis, this article completed object classification experiments on the Hyperion hyperspectral imagery of experimental areas and verified the high classification accuracy of the model. The experimental results show that the effect of hyperspectral image classification based on this PRBF model is apparently better than the model established by a single global or local kernel function and thus can greatly improve the accuracy of object identification and classification. The highest overall classification accuracy and kappa coefficient reached 93.246% and 0.907, respectively, in all experiments. 相似文献