大地构造理论和中国4次煤田预测与潜力评价

在原煤炭工业部组织的4次全国煤炭资源预测和评价中,其中3次分别运用了槽-台学说、地质力学理论和板块构造理论。简要评述了前3次煤田预测成果。在此基础上,通过分析第4次煤田预测以来的板块构造理论和煤田地质研究进展,以及对2006年6月开始的煤炭资源潜力评价,建议在总结阶段,应在不同板块构造体制下,根据含煤原型盆地恢复、大地构造单元性质与盆地构造演化,对煤炭聚积、煤化作用的控制和影响进行研究,并提出了建立板块构造理论指导下的中国煤炭资源潜力评价的工作思路与技术路线。     

Zircon U-Pb Chronology and Geological Significance of Mesozoic Volcanic Rocks from Naozhi Copper-Gold Mining Area

Large deposits of diamonds are associated mainly with kimberlites (and related rocks) of the cratons, but they are also known in the folded belts surrounding them. As an example is the Baltica craton and the surrounding its the Ural‐Timan (UT) folded belt. With the first object are associated diamonds of the Arkhangelsk (kimberlites and placers) provinces, and with the second one ‐ mostly placer deposits of the UT province, the probable source of which are also kimberlites. The structural position, composition and age of the potentially diamond‐bearing complexes of the Urals and Timan make it possible to propose a new petrological‐geodynamic interpretation of their formation. According to this model, during the Vendian‐Cambrian subduction of the Pechora Ocean crust, several different depth complexes have been formed, being changed in the western direction. At a shallow depth level the oceanic crust subduction is accompanied only by fluid processing, without the magmatism participation. As a result, this process leads to the formation of fluidizate‐explosive rocks of the Sertynya complex, which marks the outlet of the ancient subduction zone into the surface. At a moderately deep (up to 100–150 km) level melts are being produced, the derivatives of which are not diamond‐bearing depleted kimberlites of the Khartes (V‐Cm) complex. Apparently by the beginning of the Ordovician the active subduction of the Pechora Ocean stops. It occurs an opening of a new Ural paleoocean, and the earlier submerged the oceanic slab continues moving under the Baltica craton. At a deep (above 150 km) level the slab interaction with the mantle produces typical kimberlite magmas (from the Ordovician to the Middle Devonian) transporting diamonds to the surface of the Ural‐Timan province proper.     

汶川地震引发高速远程滑坡运动机理数值模拟研究——以谢家店子滑坡为例

针对汶川地震引发的谢家店子滑坡,在现场调查分析的基础上,建立了二维离散元数值模拟模型,采用2D-Block软件对其进行了全过程的数值模拟研究,并通过对跟踪块体的深入分析,研究了相应地质体在不同阶段下的运动特征。模拟结果表明,谢家店子滑坡经历了剧动启程抛掷阶段、快速撞击飞行阶段、铲刮减速碎屑流阶段及堆积掩埋阶段。为了揭示地震引发高速滑坡的发生规律,分别研究了地震震级、斜坡地形和斜坡上岩块的尺寸对高速滑坡启动和运动过程的影响规律。地震震级对边坡的启动、变形、破坏和运动有很大的影响,地震震级越大,滑体启动的加速度和速度也就越大,从而易形成高速远程滑坡。斜坡体本身的地形地貌对滑体运动也有较大影响。在震级和岩石力学参数一定的条件下,斜坡上岩块的大小对其启动、变形和运动过程有一定影响,随着岩块的增大,滑体运动的每个阶段历时都在减小,但当岩体十分破碎时,滑体虽然能够运动,但是很难发生抛掷。将地震滑坡的启动机理概括为积累变形效应、振荡启程效应和振荡加速效应。     

位场小波变换研究进展

小波变换的具有多尺度分析的特点,在位场资料分析中得到了广泛应用.本文总结了位场小波变换的理论基础及应用现状,介绍了位场小波基函数的概念.小波分析可以应用于位场分离、去噪、反演及综合地质解释等分析.文中从小波的数学性质和物理意义等角度讨论了位场资料处理中小波基函数的选取问题.     

田纳西·威廉斯与兰福德·威尔逊作品的二元要素解读

以田纳西·威廉斯兰福德·威尔逊作品背景为出发点,以"十字路口"为喻,通过对比两人作品中的"南北与东西"、"掠夺与守护自然"、"外乡人与本地人"等几对二元要素,揭示出这些要素对剧作家在刻画人物、突出主题以及体现美国价值观等方面产生深刻的影响。     

黑龙江地区上地幔各向异性研究

采用黑龙江数字地震台网2012-01～2014-07间23个宽频带地震台站记录的远震SKS波形资料,利用Splitlab 软件对黑龙江地区进行剪切波分裂的分析研究,使用最小能量法、旋转相关法和最小特征值法计算所有观测台站的SKS快波偏振方向和快、慢波的延迟时间,最终得到黑龙江省上地幔各向异性图像。结果显示,黑龙江地区上地幔地震各向异性比较明显,快波偏振方向与主张应力方向基本一致,与GPS得出的速度场方向相符,说明该地区的壳幔耦合可能存在垂直连贯性。     

沂水县龙泉站金矿地质特征及找矿前景

沂水县龙泉站金矿位于沂沭断裂带中段,受沂水汤头断裂控制。金矿体产于沂水汤头断裂主裂面下盘的糜棱岩化碎裂岩和花岗质碎裂岩中,已初步圈出6个金矿体。此外,在牛家小河、石崖官庄、郑家庄地区也发现有较好的矿化显示。通过综合研究,认为该地区金矿化与韧性剪切构造带关系密切,且具有较好的找矿前景。     

Development of experimental apparatus about reverse circulation bit

A set of experimental apparatus on reverse circulation bit are developed, in order to lucubrate the mechanism of the new type reverse circulation bits, and the structure of the bits influencing the ability of taking core and carrying powder.Both the major structure of the equipment and the procession of experiment are described.     

Locata单点定位精度研究

介绍Locata伪距和载波相位单点定位的方法。通过仿真数据和试验,分析基准站个数对定位精度的影响,比较伪距定位和观测值组合定位的精度,验证了载波相位定位结果的稳定性。分析表明,Locata静态单点定位的精度可以达到cm～mm级。     

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