汶川8.0级地震中几座近断层桥梁失效模式的初步探讨

“5．12”汶川地震造成了多座大型桥梁严重破坏甚至完全垮塌。本文以庙子坪特大桥、百花大桥、小渔洞大桥、石蓑衣大桥、回澜立交桥为例,介绍了结构形式不同的这几座桥梁的破坏模式,初步分析了震害机理。地震动强度过大、强震持续时间过长、近断层特性以及地质灾害等是造成这些桥梁破坏的客观原因;桥梁结构的某些初始缺陷和特殊结构形式导致的受力复杂性是造成地震破坏的主观因素。针对震害特点和破坏机理,本文还探讨了强震区防御桥梁地震破坏应关注的问题。     

面向对象技术在城市配电网GIS数据库中的应用

针对当前城市配电网基础数据管理的现状,本文阐述了利用面向对象与关系数据库技术设计城市配电网基础数据库的重要性,重点讨论了城市配电网GIS数据库的基本模型,包括数据库基本构架、编码方案、属性数据与空间数据、系统对象模型向数据库基本模型的映射,为构建城市配电网GIS应用平台及实现企业级的数据共享提供了基础。     

论冷战后国际政治的基本态势及世界政治地理的研究任务与重点

本文立足于政冶地理学的基本理论，从冷战后国际政治基本态势的分析入手，系统阐述了当前世界政治地理研究的基本任务，并在此基础上提出了当前及今后一段时期世界政治地理研究应以世界政治地理格局的演变、国家形成与消亡的地理政治背景、国际领土及边界争端和各国行政区划的基本原则为重点。     

Feasibility of Re-injecting the Production Effluent from Alkali–Surfactant–Polymer Flooding Systems Back into a Reservoir to Further Improve Oil Recovery

Natural Resources Research - Alkali–surfactant–polymer (ASP)-produced effluent contains polymer, alkali and surfactant, and it has higher content of suspended oil droplets and suspended...     

基于ArcObject组件的地图标注研究

通过深入分析地图的标注需求,针对应用中的实际问题,利用ArcObject组件进行编程,在应用系统中实现了对各种点线面地物要素的标注功能。实践证明,以下介绍的基于ArcObject组件的地图标注系统,具有方便、快捷、准确的特点,便于推广和应用。     

测绘用离轴三反光学系统技术

离轴三反光学系统可以同时兼顾长焦距与大视场, 可以优化为零畸变、低场曲的光学系统, 很好地满足了测绘对光学系统的要求, 被公认为航天遥感测绘相机的发展方向。本文阐述了航天测绘相机的现状和发展趋势, 对离轴三反光学系统应用于测绘的相机内方位元素定义、焦距计算公式的修正、调焦方式对主点位置精度的影响、系统畸变标定以及系统稳定性等问题进行讨论为中国自主获取高分辨率、高精度的测绘数据提供了技术参考。     

宁夏旅游经济与生态环境系统空间错位研究

为了研究旅游经济发展与生态环境系统之间的空间错位程度,定量分析其空间错位关系,以宁夏为研究对象,基于空间错位理论与模型,综合利用熵权法、TOPSIS(Technique for order prefer?ence by similarity to ideal solution)模型、重力模型以及ArcGIS空间可视化表...     

Geology and geochemistry of the Changba SEDEX Pb-Zn deposit,Qinling orogenic belt,China

The Changba Pb-Zn SEDEX deposit occurs in the Middle Devonian sequence of the Anjiaca Formation of the Western Qinling Hercynian Orogen in the Gansu Province, China. The Changba-II orebody is hosted in biotite quartz schist and is the largest of 143 stratiform orebodies that are hosted either in biotite quartz schist or marble. The Changba-II comprises two types of mineralization: a bedded facies and an underlying breccia lens. The bedded section exhibits three sulfide sub-facies zoned from bottom to top: 1) banded sphalerite intercalated with quartz albitite; 2) interbedded massive pyrite and sphalerite ore; and 3) banded sphalerite ore intercalated with banded baritite. Major metallic minerals are sphalerite, pyrite, galena, with minor arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, boulangerite, and rare chalcopyrite. The bedded sulfides are underlain by a lens of brecciated and albitized biotite-quartz schists cemented by sulfides and tourmaline.Massive and bedded sulfide ³⁴S values range from 8.1 to 29.3, whereas barite ³⁴S values range from 20.8 to 31.5. Disseminated pyrite in footwall schists has ³⁴S values ranging from 8.1 to 10.6, and increase to values ranging from 11.1 to 14.7 in the hangingwall. The lower ³⁴S values for massive and bedded sulfides are interpreted to be derived from progressive bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) of Devonian seawater in a sulfate-restricted sub-basin. The higher ³⁴S values for massive and bedded sulfides could be a product of quantitative BSR but this is incompatible with barite being more abundant above the bedded sulfides. Instead, it is more likely that thermochemical sulfate reduction of seawater sulfate or of evaporite was the source of heavy hydrothermal sulfur. Heavy hydrothermal sulfur was injected into a sulfate-restricted sub-basin where it mixed with low ³⁴S BSR sulfide to form the massive and bedded sulfides. The REE patterns of sulfide layers and associated quartz albitite and baritite are similar to those of the host biotite quartz schists, suggesting that the hydrothermal fluids leached REE from the underlying rocks. Pb isotope ratios in galena form an array between the Upper Crust and the Mantle reservoir curves, which indicates that the lead is derived from upper crustal rocks comprising mafic igneous units. The Sr⁸⁷/Sr⁸⁶ ratio of 0.7101 for carbonate within the sulfide layers also suggests that Sr is derived from the mixing of Sr leached from upper crustal rocks with Middle Devonian seawater Sr. A Rb-Sr isochron age of 389.4 ± 6.4 Ma for sulfide layers and the interbedded hydrothermal sediments is consistent with the age of host Mid-Devonian strata. Ar³⁹/Ar⁴⁰ plateau age at 352.8 ± 3.5 Ma and Ar³⁹-Ar⁴⁰ isochron age of 346.6 ± 6.4 Ma for albite in the quartz albitite intercalated with sulfide layers indicate either albite formation after the sulfides or thermal resetting of the Rb-Sr system at about 350 Ma, the age of collision between the North China and Yangtze cratons.Editorial handling: E. Frimmel