Geochemical characteristics and microbial populations of Neogene brown coal from Zhaotong Basin, China

For the first time in China, a preliminary survey of geochemical characteristics and microbial populations of Neogene brown coal from Zhaotong Basin in Yunnan province, China was conducted to provide a basis for an understanding of the generation of biogenic coal-bed methane in this basin. Coals in this region consist of soft brown coal with lower maturity and good bioactivity, as determined by coal petrologic measurements. Soluble organic matter in coal exhibits the characteristics of unsaturated humic hydrocarbon source rock. Organics in coal were generally associated with higher plants and lower grade aquatic organisms. The bacterial community was dominated by fermentation bacteria, and sulfate-reducing bacteria were relatively rare.     

黔西-滇东地区不同变形程度煤的孔隙结构及其构造控制效应

基于黔西—滇东地区上二叠统80件煤样的压汞实验数据,结合煤层构造变形特征的矿井观测,探讨了煤中孔隙结构及其构造控制效应。结果表明,区内煤的孔隙度较高,以微孔和过渡孔为主,中孔和大孔发育的差异性加大。根据压汞曲线形态和阶段孔容的分布模式,将煤中孔隙结构划分为五种类型,即平行型、反S型、尖棱型、双S型和双弧线型。平行型和反S型的煤体结构主要为原生结构煤和碎裂煤,经构造改造后孔隙度和孔容均大幅增高,且连通性好;尖棱型为碎裂煤和碎斑煤,孔隙度和孔容均较高,连通性较好;双S型和双弧线型为糜棱煤、碎斑煤和揉皱煤,煤体破碎严重,孔隙连通性很差。构造变形所造成的煤的孔隙度和总孔容的整体增高和阶段孔容的差异性增长是煤储层孔隙结构分异的主要因素,且随着构造变形的增强其对煤体破坏的主要变形作用尺度有逐渐减小的趋势。     

气象双套站数据融合软件的环境搭建及探讨

为充分发挥双套新型自动气象站建设效益,不断提高观测数据质量,同时避免对现有业务及现用站数据造成影响,经过前期试验,新疆气象局观网处决定自2019年11月1日起正式开展业务单向融合试运行。该文结合工作实际,提出气象双套站数据融合软件的环境搭建,为台站顺利融合数据提供强有力的帮助,实现备份站数据无缝补缺上传。     

利用GPS OEM板对计算机进行高精度授时的研究

本文介绍了GPS OEM板的授时原理及计算机内部守时原理；分析了计数器频率的稳定性，提出了修正方案；阐述TN用GPS OEM板对计算机授时的实现过程，并做了时间比对实验。结果表明，计数器频率的漂移对授时精度有较大的影响。经频漂修正后，授时精度和守时精度都得到了很大的改善，最终授时精度优于6μs。     

新疆于田普鲁地区中侏罗世地层的发现及其孢粉组合面貌

根据在新疆于田县普鲁地区新发现的中侏罗世地层及抱粉组合面貌的分析对比，参照其它动物及轮藻化石等，该套地层的时代应为中侏罗世早期，层位与杨叶组相当。结合本区侏罗纪地层层序、岩性及岩相变化、接触关系等，探讨了杨叶期的古地理环境，于田及其周缘地区为杨叶期沉降中心所在，策勒至民丰之间可能是今后找油的有利区段。     

南海浅层经向翻转环流及相关的内部水体流动

The structure of the annual-mean shallow meridional overturning circulation(SMOC) in the South China Sea(SCS) and the related water movement are investigated,using simple ocean data assimilation(SODA) outputs.The distinct clockwise SMOC is present above 400 m in the SCS on the climatologically annual-mean scale,which consists of downwelling in the northern SCS,a southward subsurface branch supplying upwelling at around 10°N and a northward surface flow,with a strength of about 1×10~6 m~3/s.The formation mechanisms of its branches are studied separately.The zonal component of the annual-mean wind stress is predominantly westward and causes northward Ekman transport above 50 m.The annual-mean Ekman transport across 18°N is about 1.2×10~6 m~3/s.An annual-mean subduction rate is calculated by estimating the net volume flux entering the thermocline from the mixed layer in a Lagrangian framework.An annual subduction rate of about 0.66×10~6m~3/s is obtained between 17° and 20°N,of which 87% is due to vertical pumping and 13% is due to lateral induction.The subduction rate implies that the subdution contributes significantly to the downwelling branch.The pathways of traced parcels released at the base of the February mixed layer show that after subduction water moves southward to as far as 11°N within the western boundary current before returning northward.The velocity field at the base of mixed layer and a meridional velocity section in winter also confirm that the southward flow in the subsurface layer is mainly by strong western boundary currents.Significant upwelling mainly occurs off the Vietnam coast in the southern SCS.An upper bound for the annual-mean net upwelling rate between 10° and 15°N is 0.7×10~6m~3/s,of which a large portion is contributed by summer upwelling,with both the alongshore component of the southwest wind and its offshore increase causing great upwelling.     

天津沿岸海浪特征及分析

本文利用本海区的实测波浪资料，对波浪的基本特征，变化规律，风与浪的相关关系进行统计，分析，计算，为本地的近岸经济建设提供参考依据。     

辽宁地区ML≥5．0地震前中等地震集中活动的震兆研究

定义了描述中等地震活动增强的3个参量E、T和R,通过对辽宁地区13次ML≥5．0地震的统计分析,结果显示,辽宁地区Mi≥5．0地震前确实存在中等地震活动增强的现象,且主震77％发生在中等地震增强活动中的最后一次中等地震后3个月内,震中距离第一次或最后一次中等地震震中约5～70km,概率80％。震级与中等地震增强活动参数E,T,R有关。     

辽宁地区震群序列统计特征及预测意义研究

系统研究了1970年以来辽宁及邻区发生的25次震群活动,总结了辽宁地区震群活动的参数特征,探讨了该地区震群活动与未来中强震的关系。结果表明:1研究区的25次震群中,最大地震优势发生时段在震群出现后3天内的占68%,84%的震群中最大地震与次大地震的震级差≤0.5级,平均为0.35。80%的震群持续活动时间约2个月;2震群中最大地震的震级越大,相应地2、3级地震频次也越多,通常1个4级左右的震群,2级地震频次平均约为28,3级地震平均约为6;3当震群中3、4级地震频次分别≥10和4,同时序列的b值为0.6~0.9,此时可判定震群为前兆震群。未来中强震3要素的判定依据为:发震时间为震群开始后1年内,平均6个月;震中距离震群所在地约0~400km,平均为180km;最大强度为G-R预测的最大地震震级加2.0级。当b0.5时,震群有可能为前震序列,即震群开始后1~20天内原地有发生M≥5地震的危险;425次震群中的80%在震群出现1年后对应了M≥4.6地震,空间上辽宁内陆的震群对辽南和唐山地区的M≥4.6地震有较好的指示,长岛和黑山岛附近海域的震群对渤海海峡及其附近地区的M≥4.6地震有较好的指示。     

净举力及常规可控气象要素对探空高度的影响研究

为提高探空气球的施放高度,利用克拉玛依国家基本气象站2011年以来的观测数据作为研究对象,选取净举力、天气现象、风向、风速、温度、气压、湿度、降水量8个影响因子,突破以往定性的研究模式,首次从定量的角度通过大量实验数据借助SPSS软件构建了多元线性回归模型,比较深入地研究了探空高度与净举力及常规可控气象要素之间的关系,对该模型进行了检验优化,确定了最优的回归模型,并对模型进行了预测验证。研究结果表明,该模型预测效果良好,能有效地应用到克拉玛依探空气象的实际观测工作中。根据上述研究结果,总结出了不同天气下净举力的选取范围,从而为克拉玛依探空提供具有实际可操作性的作业指导。