鄂西地区长阳组的时代问题

对长阳组命名剖面的重新观察和研究表明,原认定的长阳组层位不存在误认的问题.来自长阳组命名剖面和相邻剖面长阳组的两件牙形石样品的分析结果显示:长阳组的牙形石化石组合以Siphonodella levis大量发育为特征,兼有少量的Polygnathus inormatus、P.cf.symmetricus、Bispatho...     

Adsorption of phenanthrene on Al (oxy)hydroxides formed under the influence of tannic acid

Although there has been substantial research done on adsorption of metals/metalloids by Al (oxy)hydroxides, little is known regarding the adsorption of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on Al (oxy)hydroxides, especially those formed in the presence of organic acid. This paper investigated the adsorption of phenanthrene on Al (oxy)hydroxides formed with initial tannate/Al molar ratios (MRs) 0, 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 (referred to MR0, MR0.001, MR0.01, and MR0.1, respectively) through batch adsorption experiments and FTIR study. The results showed that Al (oxy)hydroxides were important sorbents for phenanthrene. The adsorption kinetic data were fitted well with the pseudo-second-order equation. According to a modified Freundlich model, the adsorption capacities of Al (oxy)hydroxides followed a descending order of MR0.1 > MR0 ≥ MR0.01 > MR0.001, which was inconsistent with the organic carbon content in the Al (oxy)hydroxides. Adsorption capacity correlated with the specific surface area, micropore area, and micropore diameter of Al (oxy)hydroxides, yet the relationships were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). FTIR results showed that physical interaction was essential in phenanthrene adsorption onto the Al (oxy)hydroxides, which could be explained by an entropy-driven process. Surface hydrophobicity of Al (oxy)hydroxides played a key role in phenanthrene adsorption. Additional π–π electron donor–acceptor interaction of phenanthrene (acting as electron donor) with aromatic ring of tannic acid (electron acceptor) could be also important in phenanthrene adsorption by high MR Al (oxy)hydroxides, yet it needs further study. The findings obtained in the present study are of fundamental significance in understanding the mechanism of immobilization of PAHs in low organic matter but oxide-rich soils.     

黑河下游土壤和地下水盐分特征分析

根据405个土壤样品和101个水样,分析了黑河下游土壤盐分分布规律以及与地形地貌部位、地下水水化学的关系.结果表明:额济纳三角洲地区的土壤具有质地粗、含盐量高、盐分表聚性强的特征,该地区呈现盐碱化和沙漠化严重、可利用土地资源骤减、生态环境恶化的状况.在所有剖面上盐分的分布呈现漏斗型分布,土壤中盐分随地形变化较为复杂,但与地下水化学变化相一致.地下水矿化度普遍比较高,大多数地区的矿化度在800~3000 mg·L^-1之间变化;水化学类型主要有HCO₃·SO₄-Na、Cl·SO₄-Na(Ca)、HCO₃·Cl-Na(Ca)SO₄·Cl-Na和SO₄·Cl-Na(Ca-Mg).地下水矿化度的高低与补给源的距离远近密切相关,在河岸附近的矿化度变化幅度较小;在远离河道地区,随离岸距离的增减而升降,体现了矿化度的高低主要依赖于上游补给水量变化.     

新疆伽师砂岩型铜矿地质特征及找矿标志

新疆伽师砂岩型铜矿区位于塔里木盆地西北缘柯坪古生代前陆盆地西南,北部以哈拉峻-阿合奇断裂为界,与南天山晚古生代陆缘盆地相邻,是塔里木北缘的一个陆内海盆。砂岩铜矿赋存于一套主要由褐红色-红色砂岩、粉砂岩、砂质泥岩及泥岩组成的红色砂岩建造中,其中夹有浅灰色砂岩层,铜矿化即发育于浅灰色砂岩中。含矿层长3km,厚4-6m,共发现有3条矿体。其中Ⅰ号矿体长650m,厚2．21～5．13m,平均厚度3．93m,Ⅱ号矿体长190m,厚2-4m;Ⅲ号矿体长100m,平均厚度3．37m。通过对矿区的地层、构造,铜矿体的规模、形态、产状的分析认为,古近系的浅灰色钙质砂岩为找矿的最有利层位;孔雀石化的含岩屑钙质细砂岩转石是找矿的直接标志;膏岩建造一般位于含矿层的底部,石膏层为明显的找矿标志。     

黑海西北部冷泉碳酸盐岩的沉积岩石学特征及氧化还原条件的稀土元素地球化学示踪

黑海西北部罗马尼亚大陆架(水深120m)和乌克兰陆坡(水深190m)发育冷泉碳酸盐岩结壳。XRD测试表明此结壳主要由高镁方解石和文石组成。结壳中与渗漏系统微生物活动有关的凝块和葡萄状文石等特殊的沉积组构非常发育。冷泉碳酸盐岩酸可溶部分(碳酸盐岩相矿物)的稀土元素含量很低(0.068×10-6~2.817×10-6),稀土元素页岩标准化配分模式显示罗马尼亚大陆架冷泉碳酸盐岩具有明显的Ce负异常,乌克兰陆坡冷泉碳酸盐岩具Ce的正异常,表明它们是分别在氧化和还原环境中沉积的。稀土元素和V、Cd和U等微量元素的含量在泥晶中最高,亮晶中最低,可能反映成岩过程对元素含量有控制作用。     

岩体风化程度量化分带研究

岩体风化程度分带，是常用于区分地壳表部岩体工程地质性质优劣的一种较老的岩体质量分类，由于参与风化带划分的因素中定量指标较少，因而造成分带的误差较大。从风化岩体裂缝发育程度的变化、岩体完整性的变化和岩体结构的变化出发，研究用岩体裂隙间距、岩石质量指标、岩体完整性系数和原有的定性因素，对风化岩进行量化分带。     

持续大流量过程对黄河内蒙古河段河道塑形能力的分析与思考

2018年伏秋汛期黄河流域上游持续来水,为保证2108-2019年度黄河流域凌汛期安全,黄河流域重点水库进行了大流量持续下泄。以2018年9月的实际数据为基准,通过对重点水库实际日均出入库调度情况,内蒙古河段的重点水文站实际日均流量过程和三个年份汛期大断面套绘成果对比分析研究,可以得出水库大流量持续下泄对内蒙古河段河道塑形能力起到了关键性作用,有效的提高了主槽过流能力,河段最小平滩流量得到一定的恢复,对下一步研究黄河流域河道过流能力提供了有利的数据支撑和参考价值。     

藏北南羌塘盆地曲瑞恰乃地区中侏罗世色哇组、莎巧木组、布曲组的生物地层特征

对藏北南羌塘盆地曲瑞恰乃地区的晚三叠世-侏罗纪地层进行了研究,自下而上划分为晚三叠世日干配错群,晚三叠世～早侏罗世索布查组,早侏罗世曲色组,中侏罗世色哇组、莎巧木组、布曲组、夏里组和晚侏罗世索瓦组。其中,对中侏罗世色哇组、莎巧木组、布曲组生物地层的研究为本文的主要内容,研究成果为该区中侏罗世地层层序的建立和详细对比提供了重要的依据。     

基坑支护方案的灰色模糊可变决策模型

针对影响基坑支护方案决策因素所具有的不确定性、模糊性以及影响因素与评价指标间的相互关联性特点,基于灰色理论和模糊数学理论,建立了基坑支护方案的灰色模糊可变决策模型。应用基于贴近度最大的组合赋权方法确定评价指标权重,并用集值统计法对定性指标进行量化,以解决影响模型决策结果准确程度的关键问题。工程实例分析表明,采用该模型更为科学、有效,易于实现程序化。更重要的是,该方法能够提高优选决策的合理性和可信度,为决策者提供有力的参考,具有一定推广和应用价值。     

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of the Latest Cretaceous Intrusive Rocks from the Eastern Gangdese Belt, Southeast Tibet

The latest Cretaceous magmatic activity in the eastern segment of the Lhasa terrane provides important insights for tracking the magma source and geodynamic setting of the eastern Gangdese batholith, eastward of eastern Himalayan Syntaxis. Detailed petrological, geochemical and geochronological studies of the intrusive rocks (monzodiorites and granodiorites) of the eastern Gangdese batholith are presented with monzodiorites and granodiorites giving zircon U–Pb crystallization dates of 70–66 Ma and 71–66 Ma with εHf(t) values of ?4.8 to +6.2 and ?1.9 to +5.3, respectively. These rocks are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous I-type granites showing geochemically arc-related features of enrichment in LREEs and some LILEs, e.g., Rb, Th, and U, and depletion in HREEs and some HFSEs, e.g., Nb, Ta, and Ti. The rocks are interpreted to be derived from partial melting of mantle material and juvenile crust, respectively, which are proposed to be triggered by Neo-Tethyan slab rollback during northward subduction, with both experiencing ancient crustal contamination. The studied intrusive rocks formed in a transitional geodynamic setting caused by Neo-Tethyan oceanic flat subduction to slab rollback beneath the eastern Gangdese belt during the latest Cretaceous.