1993年5月日面AR7500中暗条的动力学特征

本文利用光球磁场、色球Hα单色像和Hβ速度场等观测资料，分析了1993年5月日面AR7500中3个暗条的演化和动力学行为，得出4个结论(1)3个暗条中两个是右旋暗条，一个是左旋暗条。(2)暗条附近两侧的色球纤维和光球横场几乎平行于暗条长轴，暗条端点处的黑子没有呈现明显的涡旋结构。(3)尖角处因为轴向场取向不同，一直没有发生暗条合并，即使其中一个右旋暗条消失后又重新形成也如此。(4)几天持续存在的左旋暗条，在两天的观测中未出现扰动激活，其中部为杂乱而不明显的运动图案。本文还讨论了可以用暗条的扭曲磁流绳模型来解释暗条的这些动力学行为，以及一些尚待进一步澄清的问题。     

Protogalactic explosions and intracluster chemical enrichment

Using a hydrodynamic model of protogalactic evolution, we explain the amount of iron in rich clusters, deduced from X-ray observations. In fact, our calculations show that a strong shock wave originates in the first violent collapse phase and leaves the protogalaxy, carrying out a substantial fraction of its mass, with roughly solar metallicity and high temperature (10⁷–10⁸ K). We also show that hot material ejected from proto-cD galaxies can probably explain the observed X-ray emission in clusters.     

Mn distribution in sphalerite: an EPR study

A study on Zn replacement in sphalerite by divalent Mn has been performed by using EPR spectroscopy. Twelve natural and synthetic samples with different Mn-contents were selected for the spectroscopic investigation. The EPR spectra vary from an hyperfine sextet to a single broad line according to their Mn-content. Three components, attributed to Mn(II) in different chemical coordination (namely isolated ions, interacting ions, clusters) have been determined by means of spectral simulation. The variations of the EPR signals among the different spectra are due only to the mixing of these components, without any variation of each spectral parameter. Differing distribution of Mn(II) was, therefore, observed at a local scale. Consequently, the specific interactions driving the coalescence of Mn(II) ions to form clusters may be responsible for the banded pattern in sphalerite crystals.     

Brittle–ductile–brittle deformation during cooling of tonalite (Adamello, Southern Italian Alps)

Late- to post-magmatic deformation in slightly diachronous contiguous intrusions of the north-western Adamello batholith (Southern Alps, Italy) is recorded as, from oldest to youngest: (i) joints, (ii) solid-state ductile shear zones, (iii) faults associated with epidote-K-feldspar veins and (iv) zeolite veins and faults. Structures (ii) to (iv) are localized on the pervasive precursory network of joints (i), which developed during the earliest stages of pluton cooling. High temperature ( 500 °C), ductile overprinting of joints produced lineations, defined by aligned biotite and hornblende, on the joint surfaces and highly localized mylonites. The main phase of faulting, producing cataclasites and pseudotachylytes, occurred at  250 °C and was associated with extensive fluid infiltration. Cataclasites and pseudotachylytes are clustered along different E–W-striking dextral strike-slip fault zones correlated with the activity of the Tonale fault, a major tectonic structure that bounds the Adamello batholith to the north. Ductile deformation and cataclastic/veining episodes occurred at P = 0.25–0.3 GPa during rapid cooling of the batholith to the ambient temperatures ( 250 °C) that preceded the exhumation of the batholith. Timing of the sequence of deformation can be constrained by ³⁹Ar–⁴⁰Ar ages of  30 Ma on pseudotachylytes and various existing mineral ages. In the whole composite Adamello batholith, multiple magma pulses were intruded over the time span 42–30 Ma and each intrusive body shows the same ductile-to-brittle structural sequence localized on the early joint sets. This deformation sequence of the Adamello might be typical of intrusions undergoing cooling at depths close to the brittle–ductile transition.     

辽宁省海洋经济系统协调发展研究

通过构建海洋经济系统协调发展评价指标体系,采用模糊数学中隶属度函数模型,分析了辽宁省海洋经济系统发展水平及其协调发展度.结果表明:1999-2010年期间,辽宁省海洋经济、社会综合发展水平逐年递增,而资源环境综合发展水平值波动较大;1999-2003年,辽宁省海洋经济系统协调性处于失调状态,2004年之后大体处于协调发展状态,且协调等级逐步提升.     

旋转扁椭球水滴散射特性的快速算式研究

利用DDA(Discrete Dipole Approximation)算法产生的旋转扁椭球水滴散射特征数据进行了多项式拟合,以3.2mm波长为例,给出了两种偏振状态下后向散射和衰减效率的快速算式。对比分析了快速算式结果和DDA数据的独立样本,结果表明,快算结果的绝对相对误差在5%以内,而耗时仅用DDA算法产生这些数据所用时间的10-6量级。所得结果可直接用于云降水区含扁椭球形水滴情况下的雷达回波模拟、雷达资料定量处理和毫米波雷达的衰减订正等,此方法还可用于其他波长、形状的水滴和冰晶。