江苏省测震台网井下地震计方位角检测

为获取江苏省测震台网井下地震计精确方位角,架设地面参考地震计,将其精确指北,并与井下地震计检测结果进行对比,利用相关分析法计算22个深井台站精度较高的方位角。研究结果表明,受多因素制约,井下地震计检测结果普遍偏差较大,部分台站水平向分量几乎反向,如提井,需重新进行方位角检测;地面与井下地震计同频带有利于提高相关性,从而获取高精度检测结果;利用不同频带地震计进行井下地震计方位角检测时,对较宽频带地震计进行仿真处理尤为重要;溧阳2台站新建井下地震计检测结果表明相关分析法可应用于井下地震计方位角检测;尽可能选择台基噪声功率谱密度曲线具有明显波峰频段作为滤波频段,有利于提高地面与井下地震计观测数据相关性,提高方位角检测精度。     

新乡-商丘断裂永城段第四纪活动特征分析

新乡-商丘断裂是河南省中北部一条规模较大、切割较深的区域性隐伏断裂,为查明新乡-商丘断裂永城段的浅部构造特征和上断点最新活动时代,在永城段开展浅层人工地震勘探工作,获得2条高分辨率、高信噪比的地震反射剖面,通过地震勘探和钻孔联合剖面探测,并结合区域地质资料对新乡-商丘断裂永城段的上断点位置及活动性进行研究,揭示本断裂上断点进入了第四系上更新统底界,推测其最新活动时代为晚更新世早、中期,是一条隐伏活动断裂。     

1990-2005年广州城市土地覆被景观变化

Urbanization has been the most important process that changed land cover landscape in Guangzhou since reformation, especially since 1990. It is essential for monitoring and assessing ecological consequences of urbanization to understand landscape quantitative characteristics and its changes. Based on four land-cover type maps interpreted from remote sensing TM images of 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005, combining gradient analysis with landscape metrics, the quantified spatial pattern and its dynamics of urbanization in Guangzhou was got. Three landscape metrics were computed within different regional areas including the whole study area, two transects along two highways (one N-S and the other W-E) and radiation zones with equal distance outwards the city center were set. Buffer zones for transects N-S and W-E were outlined along highways. The following questions should be answered in this paper: What responses were implied with changing spatial grain size or extent for landscape pattern analysis? Could gradient progress of urbanization be characterized by landscape pattern analysis? Did landscape metrics reveal urban expanding gradually? Were there directional differences in land cover landscape pattern during urbanizing development? The results gave some affirmative answers. Landscape pattern exhibited obviously scale-dependent to grain size and extent. The landscape metrics with gradient analysis could quantitatively approach spatial pattern of urbanization. A precise location for urbanized area, like city center and sub-center, could be identified by multiple landscape metrics. Multiple adjunctive centers occurred as indicated by analysis of radiation zones around the city center. Directional differences of landscape pattern along the two transects (N-S and W-E) came into being. For example, fragmentation of landscape in the transect W-E was obviously higher than that in the transect N-S. All in all, some interesting and important ecological implications were revealed under landscape patterns of two transects or radiation zones, and that was the important step to link pattern with processes in urban ecological studies and the basis to improve urban environment.     

新丰江水库地震区内孔隙流体扩散与原地水力扩散率的研究.

本文根据新丰江水库地震的主要成因是水渗透的结果,采用了地震活动的震中分布面积扩散法,利用新丰江水库蓄水以后 MS2.0的地震资料,研究了主震区的水力扩散率.研究结果表明,在新丰江水库地震活动中的前震活动中,原地水力扩散率基本上稳定在6.2m2/S,而主震发生以后震源区的原地水力扩散率增大约50％,即为9.7m2/S.在主震发生后的较长时间里.原地水力扩散率出现了明显的各向异性及受水位涨落等因素的影响,没有一定的规律可循.本文还用室内岩石渗透实验的结果与原地水力扩散率估计值进行了比较,说明室内含破裂面岩样的渗透率同原地渗透率吻合得较好,而完整岩样的渗透率要比原地渗透率低3个数量级.最后将本文地震活动的震中分布面积扩散法的局限性进行了讨论.     

LIDAR在林区送电线路设计中的应用可行性

传统的航空摄影测量方式在林区送电线路中存在一些难题,机载激光雷达系统提供了一种新的解决途径。首先介绍了林区送电线路设计的难点,然后描述植被测量以及DEM获取的原理,最后展望了机载激光雷达系统在林区送电线路设计的应用前景。     

高海拔地区送电线路GPS测量的问题及解决办法

以青藏直流联网工程测量坐标系统建立为例,分析了高原地区线路测量中坐标系统建立的变形因素,以及解决变形的几种方法和一些细节问题,提出了为方便高原地区线路测量中坐标系统建立的一些应用经验,以此为同行提供有益参考。     

鄂尔多斯北缘断裂托克托段晚第四纪活动特征

鄂尔多斯北缘断裂作为河套断陷带和鄂尔多斯地块的边界断裂,研究其晚第四纪活动特征,对于科学评价黄河流域内蒙古河套段的地震危险性具有重要意义。本文利用野外地质调查、微地貌测量、浅层人工地震勘探及钻孔联合剖面探测相结合的方法,综合地层年代样品测试结果,确定了该断裂托克托段的准确位置和最新活动特征。研究结果表明,鄂尔多斯北缘断裂托克托段沿线构造地貌不发育,推测断裂的最新活动可能尚未达到地表,地表的地貌陡坎应为河流侵蚀成因。断裂在深、浅地震反射剖面上表现为“Ｙ”字形的张性断裂系,主断裂倾向北,分支断裂倾向南,整体上陡下缓,具有多个地堑式分布的特点。跨断裂钻孔联合剖面上显示,单个分支断裂的同震垂直位移量为2～2.5 m,最新活动时代为43.5～70 ka。鄂尔多斯北缘断裂是一条晚更新世活动的深大断裂,具有一定的地震危险性。     

用于守时系统中的单片机输出监控器的研制

ＭＤ－１输出监控器是一个Ｉｎｔｅｌ８０３１单片机系统，具有时间比对测量、标准时间频率信号隔离输出、监控报警等功能。与ＰＣ微机配合，可建立具有自动守时功能的标准时间工作站，文中介绍了该仪器的软硬件设计     

论GIS广义数据源

地理信息系统 (GIS)关键要素之一是数据。将中国特有的、传统的地方志作为GIS广义数据源 ,并进行必要的分析、整理 ,将有其特有的优势     

白山拱坝位移激光监测自动化系统研究

提出用半导体激光发射器结合位敏传感器进行位移测量和利用光学测角仪进行倾角观测的方法解决拱坝变形观测问题。对激光监测自动化系统进行了原理分析、算法推导、精度评定。在白山拱坝的实践表明：本系统精度高，自动化效果好，具有较好的推广价值。