Three-Dimensional Boundary Element Method Applied to Nonlinear Wave Transformation

For higher accuracy in simulating the transformation of three dimensional waves,in consid-eration of the advantages of constant panels and linear elements,a combined boundary elements is appliedin this research.The method can be used to remove the transverse vibration due to the accumulation ofcomputational errors.A combined boundary condition of sponge layer and Sommerfeld radiation condi-tion is used to remove the reflected waves from the computing domain.By following the water particle onthe water surface,the third order Stokes wave transform is simulated by the numerical wave flume tech-nique.The computed results are in good agreement with theoretical ones.     

A Crashworthy Device Against Ship-OWT Collision and Its Protection Effects on the Tower of Offshore Wind Farms

At present,more and more offshore wind farms have been built and numerous projects are on the drawing tables.Therefore,the study on the safety of collision between ships and offshore wind turbines (OWT) is of great practical significance.The present study takes the advantage of the famous LS-DYNA explicit code to simulate the dynamic process of the collision between a typical 3MW offshore wind turbine model with monopile foundation and a simplified 2000t-class ship model.In the simulation,the added mass eff...     

辽北凡河群时代探讨兼论殷屯组的时代

辽宁北部地区凡河群源于斋藤林次的凡河系,其时代归属尚有争议。目前多数人将凡河群与蓟县地区的中、上元古界对比;殷屯组的时代则以暂置震且纪居主导地位。笔者稂据凡河群地史演化、所处大地构造位置、变质作用、含海相火山岩夹层、同位素年龄资料等综合因素分析;认为凡河群的时代以归属长城纪为宜,殷屯组时代归属蓟县纪较合适。     

一种基于小波包变换的纹理图像压缩算法

提出一种基于小波包变换与自适应混合量化的新图像压缩算法.该算法首先用小波包变换对纹理丰富的图像进行完全分解,并用一种与后续编码器相关联的成本函数(CostFunction)进行最佳小波包基搜索;然后依据图像内容,自适应确定小波包系数的扫描次序;再对小波包变换后的最低频子带进行DPCM无失真编码,对高频子带实施矢量量化编码;最后对所形成的二进制符号流进一步实施自适应算术编码.仿真实验结果表明:提出的小波包图像压缩算法是一种比较好的编码方案,其压缩效果不仅明显优于JPEG算法与SPIHT算法(特别是纹理图像),而且优于已有的其他小波包图像压缩算法.     

Application of VOF in Calculating Wave Energy Loss due to Spilling Breaker

- A large amount of experimental analysis and systematical theoretical calculation has been done by the authors to solve the problem of wave transformation and breaking, considering the effect of both current and topography, but only the wave energy loss due to spilling breaker in the surf zone has been discussed in this paper. Based on test result analysis and calculation with the Stream Function Wave Theory, the wave velocity field at breaking points has been obtained, and it is used to calculate the wave heights after breaking by the VOF (Volume of Fluid) method, in which the governing equations are continuity equation and Navier-Stokes Equation for imcompressible fluids. In the present paper, the improved VOF technique is used to calculate the wave heights of stable regular waves after breaking. Results fit the test data well, which shows that the VOF method is suitable to numerical simulation of regular waves after breaking. Besides, the breaker coefficient B of regular waves in the bore model is a     

Application of DDA Approach to Simulation of Ice Breaking Process and Evaluation of Ice Force Acting on A Structure

The sea ice is idealized as an elastic-brittle material. When an ice sheet moves toward a structure, the dynamic in-teraction between ice and the structure is analyzed by the DDA (Discontinuous Deformation Analysis) approach, where the ice sheet and the structure are considered as assemblages of blocky masses. This has the advantages that the whole process of collision between the ice and structure can be shown visually vvith a series of pictures. Meanwhile, the dynamic response of the structure at each time step after the bumping of the ice against the structure is calculated. And with the aid of inverse analysis developed by the authors, the time history of the resultant ice force exerting on the structure is evaluated. A numerical example shows that the proposed approach is suitable to the simulation of the ice-breaking process and reasonable result of ice force acting on the structure can be obtained.     

Infragravity Waves Produced by Wave Groups on Beaches

The generation of low frequency waves by a single or double wave groups incident upon two plane beaches with the slope of 1/40 and 1/100 is investigated experimentally and numerically. A new type of wave maker signal is used to generate the groups, allowing the bound long wave (set-down) to be included in the group. The experiments show that the low frequency wave is generated during breaking and propagation to the shoreline of the wave group. This process of generation and propagation of low frequency waves is simulated numerically by solving the short-wave averaged mass and momentum conservation equations. The computed and measured results are in good agreement. The mechanism of generation of low frequency waves in the surf zone is examined and discussed.     

Stress Variation Model of Bond Stress-Slip Relationship Between Steel Bar and Concrete

Based on the experimental data, a stress variation model of the bond stress-slip relationship between steel bar and concrete is established. The characteristic of the model is that the boundary conditions are satisfied very well; the effects of the material properties, the concrete cover, the crack spacing and the distance from the cracked cross section are considered. Good agreement between measured and calculated bond stress-slip relationship is found. This model is useful for the study of the stiffness, deformation and crack width of reinforced concrete members, and for the nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete structures by the finite element method.     

Theoretical Calculation of Floating Breakwater Performance

- In this paper, the theoretical calculation of floating breakwater performance in regular waves with arbitrary wave direction is discussed. Under the hypothesis of linearized system and applying the strip theory, we can solve the boundary condition problems of diffraction potential and radiation potential. Introducing the asymptotic expression of the wave velocity potential at infinity and using wave energy conservation, we can separately calculate the transmitted waves generated by the sway, heave and roll motion of the floating breakwater and by the fixed breakwater. Finally, we define the amplitude ratio of the transmitted wave to the incident wave as the transmitted wave coefficient CT which describes the floating breakwater effectiveness. Two examples are given and the theoretical results obtained by the present method agree well with experimental results.     

A Unique Solvable Higher Order BEM for Wave Diffraction and Radiation

- For the discretization of higher order elements, this paper presents a modified integral domain method to remove the irregular frequencies inherited in the integral equation of wave diffraction and radiation from a surface-piercing body. The set of over-determined linear equations obtained from the method is modified into a normal set of linear equations by superposing a set of linear equations with zero solutions. Numerical experiments have also been carried out to find the optimum choice of the size of the auxiliary domain and the discretization on it.