基于混沌加权一阶局域法的IGS超快星历钟差预报

为提高IGS超快星历钟差预报产品的精度,针对卫星钟差数据具有确定项和随机项成分的特点,在采用多项式模型对钟差确定项建模的基础上,提出采用混沌加权一阶局域法对钟差随机项进行建模预报。仿真结果表明,采用混沌加权一阶局域法的预报精度优于超快星历钟差预报产品。     

Quality of the Log-Geometric Distribution Extrapolation for Smaller Undiscovered Oil and Gas Pool Size

The U.S. Geological Survey procedure for the estimation of the general form of the parent distribution requires that the parameters of the log-geometric distribution be calculated and analyzed for the sensitivity of these parameters to different conditions. In this study, we derive the shape factor of a log-geometric distribution from the ratio of frequencies between adjacent bins. The shape factor has a log straight-line relationship with the ratio of frequencies. Additionally, the calculation equations of a ratio of the mean size to the lower size-class boundary are deduced. For a specific log-geometric distribution, we find that the ratio of the mean size to the lower size-class boundary is the same. We apply our analysis to simulations based on oil and gas pool distributions from four petroleum systems of Alberta, Canada and four generated distributions. Each petroleum system in Alberta has a different shape factor. Generally, the shape factors in the four petroleum systems stabilize with the increase of discovered pool numbers. For a log-geometric distribution, the shape factor becomes stable when discovered pool numbers exceed 50 and the shape factor is influenced by the exploration efficiency when the exploration efficiency is less than 1. The simulation results show that calculated shape factors increase with those of the parent distributions, and undiscovered oil and gas resources estimated through the log-geometric distribution extrapolation are smaller than the actual values.     

Recovery Factors of Oil Resources in China

This paper provides a new method to estimate recovery factors of oil resources. The China National Petroleum Assessment (2003–2007) (CNPA 2007) evaluates in-place oil resources and applies the recovery factor (RF) to estimate recoverable oil resources. The RF of oil resources plays an important role in the CNPA 2007. Based on the geological features, 24 types of oil assessment units are defined, such as the Mesozoic rift unit, the Mesozoic and Cenozoic foreland unit, etc. Through the recovery factor statistics of oil reserves (discovered) in different accumulations, as well as the potential analyses of enhanced petroleum recovery, appropriate RF valuing standards of oil resources (discovered and undiscovered) in different assessment units are developed. Calculation methods of oil resource RFs are established, including the appraisal standards, scoring, and calculation steps of oil resource RFs. Through the case studies, the valuing and appraisal standards of oil resource RFs are verified. Robust appraisal standards allow the RF method to be a valuable tool to effective assessment of China’s recoverable oil resources.     

一种基于多普勒频移重构的GNSS定位算法

多普勒频移重构的GNSS定位算法是指通过重构多普勒频移解决观测信号异常问题,配合基于垂直仰角选择的互差加权法,在观测信号质量不佳的情况下解算出整周模糊度,得到较高的整周模糊度正确估计率.结果表明,在卫星冗余程度低的静态情形下,该算法能够达到100％的模糊度固定率和cm级精度;在动态情形下,E、N、U方向的精度分别为0....     

Evolution of the Carboniferous Reef in Eastern Qaidam Basin and its Hydrocarbon Significance

<正>Objective Reef reservoirs have recently been receiving more and more attention due to their important role in petroleum exploration.Large-scale reefs have been previously discovered in the Paleozoic strata of western China,suchas the Late Permian of the Sichuan Basin,Late Ordovician of the Ordos Basin,and Late Ordovician of the Tarim Basin,which are all important hydrocarbon reservoirs in     

室内地磁基准图构建的优化算法研究

对比分析4种室内地磁基准图的构建算法,选取两种场景进行实验,并采用均方差、交叉验证法、积分均方误差等评价指标进行分析。结果表明,协同克里金插值算法有更高的精度,但构建速度较慢;标准高斯过程回归有更快的构建速度,但精度略低。因此,对于有高精度需求的场合可采用协同克里金算法;对于实时性要求高的情况,标准高斯过程回归更能满足需求。     

塔里木盆地新元古代裂谷盆地层序样式

塔里木盆地是位于Rodinia超大陆边缘的小陆块,随着新元古代Rodinia超大陆裂解,在塔里木盆地周边和内部形成了大量裂谷盆地,通过对裂谷体系的演化和地层充填特征研究,对认识Rodinia超大陆的裂解过程具有重要意义。按照盆地动力学、层序地层学和沉积学等理论为指导,以露头、钻井和地震剖面为基础,进行不整合面、层序地层和沉积相研究,探讨层序样式及控制因素,分析塔里木盆地和扬子盆地裂谷演化过程的差异。塔里木盆地新元古代南华系—震旦系为1个一级层序,由两个一级不整合界面限定——Td(南华系/前南华系基底)和T1(震旦系/寒武系),其中Td界面为塔里木运动导致,即新元古代早期—中期Rodinia大陆裂解作用开始,而T1界面与塔里木板块内部表现为垂直上升作用的柯坪运动有关。按照裂谷盆地演化的三个阶段——快速裂陷期、稳定沉降期和裂谷萎缩期,分为3个二级层序。快速裂陷期为二级层序SQ1,发育大量小型地垒—地堑盆地,水体由浅变深,发育滨浅海相—河流—三角洲等沉积;稳定沉降期为二级层序SQ2,盆地连通性加强,形成统一的盆地,发育滨岸—三角洲—浅水陆棚—盆地相;裂谷盖处于裂谷萎缩阶段,受地幔柱冷却,地壳回弹影响,断裂活动减弱并逐渐停止,地层向隆起上超,地层分布范围广,主要发育碳酸盐岩台地相,该阶段构成二级层序SQ3。受到海平面变化、冰川和气候等因素控制,发育13个三级层序,其中冰期发育冰碛岩—盖帽碳酸盐岩的一类特殊三级层序。南华纪末期的Marinoan冰期是全球冰期事件,相应在中国南方扬子地区发育典型的南沱组冰碛岩和陡山沱组白云岩的组合,而塔里木盆地库鲁克塔格地区为特瑞爱肯组冰碛岩之上直接覆盖了扎摩提克组的粉砂岩地层,不发育盖帽碳酸盐岩。这和裂谷体系演化有关,塔里木裂谷盖形成的滞后了约70Ma,冰碛岩沉积之后,水体快速加深,碎屑物质供给充足,没有适合碳酸盐岩的生长环境。通过新元古代裂谷盆地的结构样式和层序地层研究,对认识新元古代构造、沉积环境,和烃源岩、储层的分布等具有重要在指导意义,而不同盆地之间大陆裂解响应过程的差异也是值得深入研究问题。     

Features and Formation Mechanism of Faults and Potash-forming Effect in the Lop Nur Salt Lake, Xinjiang, China

1 Introduction The Lop Nur Salt Lake, located in the eastern part of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, China, has become a playa in the Quaternary. It is under the jurisdiction of Ruoqiang County, Xinjiang, being ~450 km east of Korla City, the capital of the Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture (Fig. 1), and 300 km south of the seat of Shanshan County. The geographic coordinates are 90o00'–91o30' E and 39o40'– 41o20' N. Field survey and drilling since 1995 have revealed an occurren…     

新疆莎车盆地钾异常发现及有利找钾区预测

塔里木盆地古代钾盐找矿是一项艰巨且亟需突破的科学技术问题,在半个多世纪的找钾历程中,虽然获得少许找钾线索,但一直没有突破.塔里木盆地中、新生代发生多期次海侵—海退,发育多期蒸发岩地层,如西南部的莎车次级盆地、北部的库车次级盆地,岩盐厚度从几十米到上千米,自20世纪70年代以来,塔里木盆地一直是找钾重点区.笔者依托国家科技项目及地质调查项目,对莎车盆地开展成钾研究及找矿靶区预测,结果显示:岩石地球化学测量在莎车盆地西北部的乌帕地区发现钾异常,氯化钾含量为0.210％～0.458％,平均0.288％,该区地表盐泉水中具有高的溴氯系数(0.54)及钾异常(0.11 g/L),另外在该区地表结晶盐壳中发现光卤石.依据上述发现及研究结果,初步预测乌帕地区为该盆地有利的找钾区.     

The occurrence of vanadium in nature: its biogeochemical cycling and relationship with organic matter—a case study of the Early Cambrian black rocks of the Niutitang Formation,western Hunan,China

Acta Geochimica - Vanadium in the black rocks has economic and environmental impacts. In sediments, it is broadly disseminated as a multivalent metal element mainly sensitive to redox settings....