基于GPU-OpenACC的气候模式加速优化研究

为使数值模式适应异构架构在高性能计算领域的快速发展趋势,本文基于OpenACC语言,对气候模式BCC_AGCM3.0中动力框架三段程序段进行GPU加速优化试验。通过异步执行设置、循环内移、数据管理及向量参数化配置等方式,对模式中计算密集部分程序段进行GPU加速并行化,并进行了优化运行效率对比及正确性验证。试验结果表明,BCC_AGCM3.0模式中三段程序段GPU加速后效率提升均在3倍以上,BCC_AGCM气候模式全球涡度均方根相对误差控制在一定范围之内。加速方法及策略对于数值天气气候模式在异构环境下的移植与优化具有一定参考价值。     

Controls of Acid-sensitive Minerals on Reservoir Sensitivity Testing: An Example from the Silurian Kepingtage Formation in Tazhong Area, Tarim Basin

The Silurian Kepingtage Formation in Tazhong area is regarded as an acid-sensitive hydrocarbon reservoir. However, formation mechanism of acid-sensitive of the reservoir cannot be interpreted by the existing acid-sensitive evaluation criterion based on damage rate. The contents of acid-sensitive minerals illustrated by bulk-rock XRD, scanning electron microscopy and clay mineral composition analysis exert the dominant control on acid-sensitive flow testing of the reservoir. The iron-bearing minerals (including pyrite cements and chlorite cements) mainly deteriorate reservoir quality, while the iron-free minerals (including calcite cements and dolomite cements) mainly improve permeability. The permeability variation of the tested samples is controlled by the relative content of two acid-sensitive minerals. On the basis of newly established sensitivity mechanism and its influence on permeability, the corresponding ion (Fe2+) stabilizer was added to the acidizing fluids during the acidification reconstruction, which inhibited the negative factors of acid-sensitive minerals and improved the target layer quality effectively.     

Screening and characterization of proteases produced by deep-sea cold seep bacteria

Fifty protease-producing strains were screened from sediment of deep-sea cold seep, and divided into four different categories: Bacillus, Pseudoalteromonas, Vibrio, and Alteromonas according to the sequences of 16s r RNA. Their abilities to produce protease, amylase, and lipase were determined, and a Bacillus strain gcc-1 displayed very strong alkaline protease activity and stability under different thermal and acidic conditions. The purification of the protease produced by strain gcc-1 was carr...     

松辽盆地大庆长垣地区嫩江组二段滑塌扇的发现及其石油地质意义

应用三维地震及测井地质剖面,在松辽盆地大庆长垣地区嫩江组二段发现3套滑塌扇体,北部LMD扇体由5个单体组成,垂向呈前积式交叉叠置,总体呈前缘外凸的铲状,近东西走向,最大面积约为95 km²,最大厚度为62 m; 南部MX扇体由7个单体组成,垂向交叉叠置,平面镶嵌连片,总体走向北北东,总覆盖面积约为61.5 km²,最大厚度为55 m; 中部的SET为独立扇体,呈半圆形,近东西走向,面积约为24 km²,最大厚度为92 m; 3套扇体均具有根部厚、前端薄的发育特征,而且前端以发育泥岩为主,中部及根部发育2～4层粉砂岩,厚度为0.8～7.0 m; 3套扇体及其单体表面均具有弧形地震反射波纹,波纹密度分布在4～10条/km; 推测3套扇体最小古坡度为5‰～12‰,最小古水深为30～70 m,滑移距离为2～10 km; 这一发现为在大型陆相坳陷湖盆中研究滑塌浊积扇体的沉积学特征提供了有利的证据,同时南部MX扇体已经发现工业油流,因此,这一发现也为在坳陷盆地湖相泥岩中寻找油藏提供了新的思路。     

无人机低空飞行障碍物环境风险评估方法研究——以京津新城为例

无人机应用日益广泛,但随着城市环境建设的不断推进,无人机在城市中安全运行的问题也日益突出,因此无人机低空障碍物环境风险评估成为无人机领域研究的关键问题之一。论文按照不同类型无人机及运行高度将低空空域划分为微型、轻型和小型无人机风险评估区域,在充分考虑无人机自身形状大小、运动约束以及障碍物约束等条件的基础上,提出一种近似点扩张算法,基于障碍物原始边界生成扩张边界,并将其作为低空飞行环境中高风险与低风险之间的风险过渡区。以京津新城为例,分别提取不同风险评估区内的障碍物要素,并基于风险评估技术生成面向微型、轻型和小型无人机多高度层的低空飞行障碍物环境风险地图,按其对无人机威胁程度分为高风险区、高风险过渡区、中风险区和低风险区。实验结果表明:研究区内微型、轻型、小型无人机风险评估区内的风险过渡区分别占10.9%、7.3%、9.0%,该方法可以在考虑无人机与障碍物相互影响的基础上,计算飞行区域内无人机潜在碰撞风险区域,实现对低空障碍物环境风险的科学有效评估,为不同机型的无人机在飞行区域内的可航行性提供科学参考。     

中国台湾浅滩海砂砂体的地球物理特征及有利赋存标志*

探测查明海砂分布及其资源量, 对海洋矿产资源规划和社会经济发展有重要意义。利用在中国台湾浅滩采集的单波束测深、侧扫声呐、浅地层剖面、单道地震等多源地球物理数据, 识别出海底沙脊、沙波、埋藏古河道等有利于海砂赋存的地貌标志, 以及厚泥盖层等不利标志, 它们在平面上渐变交错分布。地球物理数据与表层沉积物、钻孔岩心结果对比, 证实浅地层剖面能有效识别表层砂体上部和排除厚泥盖层(厚度>10m), 表层砂体上部呈断续中弱振幅杂乱反射; 单道地震剖面能有效识别砂-泥地层界面, 垂向上刻画表层及埋藏砂体形态, 砂体最主要的特征为连续性差的弱振幅反射中夹杂空白、杂乱的“白雾”反射。砂体响应特征反映了砂体声学较难穿透的特性, 同时也可能是砂体含气所致。分析表明在砂体形态多变或钻孔分布密度低时, 利用地球物理方法, 结合一定数量的钻孔岩心约束, 相比仅依靠大量钻孔岩心, 可更为经济、高效地对砂体的垂向形态和平面展布进行精细刻画, 从而有利于更准确地估算海砂的资源量。     

Extreme Temperature Change of the Last 110 Years in Changchun,Northeast China

In China and East Asia,the long-term continuous observational data at daily resolution are insufficient,and thus there is a lack of good understanding of the extreme climate variation over the last 100 years plus.In this study,the extreme temperature indices defined by ETCCDI(Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices)and local meteorological administrations were analyzed for Changchun City,Northeast China,by using the daily maximum temperature(Tmax)and daily minimum temperature(Tmin)over 1909?2018.The results showed that extreme cold events,such as cold days,cold nights,frost days,icing days,and low temperature days,decreased significantly at rates of?0.41 d(10 yr)^?1,?1.45 d(10 yr)^?1,?2.28 d(10 yr)^?1,?1.16 d(10 yr)?1 and?1.90 d(10 yr)^?1,respectively.Warm nights increased significantly at a rate of 1.71 d(10 yr)^?1,but warm days decreased slightly and the number of high temperature days decreased at a rate of?0.20 d(10 yr)?1.The frequency of cold surge events increased significantly at a rate of 0.25 d(10 yr)^?1,occurring mainly from the mid-1950s to late-1980s.The average Tmax,average Tmin and extreme Tmin increased at rates of 0.09℃(10 yr)^?1,0.36℃(10 yr)^?1 and 0.54℃(10 yr)^?1,respectively;and extreme Tmax decreased significantly at a rate of?0.17℃(10 yr)^?1.In 1909?2018,1951?2018 and 1979?2018,the indices related to cold events decreased,while the trends of the indices related to warm events were different for different periods.     

A new application of headspace single-drop microextraction technique for compound specific carbon isotopic determination of gasoline range hydrocarbons

In this study, headspace single-drop microextraction (HS-SDME) coupled with gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS), was employed to determine compound specific carbon isotopic values (δ¹³C) of gasoline range hydrocarbons. The reproducibility of the method was found to be satisfactory. By comparison with the δ¹³C values of the twelve target compounds determined using direct injection of their n-C₁₆ solution, no obvious isotopic fractionation was observed during the HS-SDME procedures. Some parameters that could affect the carbon isotopic fractionation, such as ionic strength of working solutions and inlet split ratio, were examined. The results also suggest that these factors had no significant effect on the carbon isotopic determination of gasoline range hydrocarbons. The application of HS-SDME to a crude oil sample proved that this method could be a promising tool for the determination of carbon isotopic values of gasoline range hydrocarbons in oils or aqueous samples.     

Characterization of calcium deposition induced by Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 in BG11 culture medium

Calcium carbonate （CaCO3） crystals in their preferred orientation were obtained in BG11 culture media inoculated with Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 （inoculated BG11）. In this study, the features of calcium carbonate deposition were investigated. Inoculated BGll in different calcium ion concentrations was used for the experimental group, while the BGll culture medium was used for the control group. The surface morphologies of the calcium carbonate deposits in the experimental and control groups were determined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The deposits were analyzed by electronic probe micro-analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that the surfaces of the crystals in the experimental group were hexahedral in a scaly pattern. The particle sizes were micrometer-sized and larger than those in the control group. The deposits of the control group contained calcium （Ca）, carbon （C）, oxygen （O）, phosphorus （P）, iron （Fe）, copper （Cu）, zinc （Zn）, and other elements. The deposits in the experimental group contained Ca, C, and O only. The deposits of both groups contained calcite. The thermal decomposition temperature of the deposits in the control group was lower than those in the experimental group. It showed that the CaCO3 deposits of the experimental group had higher thermal stability than those of the control group. This may be due to the secondary metabolites produced by the algae cells, which affect the carbonate crystal structure and result in a close-packed structure. The algae cells that remained after thermal weight loss were heavier in higher calcium concentrations in BGll culture media. There may be more calcium- containing crystals inside and outside of these cells. These results shall be beneficial for understanding the formation mechanism of carbonate minerals.     

要素级多时态地形数据库建库与管理技术设计

通过建立要素级多时态的国家1：50 000地形数据库,实现了对地形数据要素级的管理和多时态信息的存储。本文介绍了国家1：50 000地形数据库采用要素级多时态数据库建库与管理的相关技术设计,并给出了数据库管理服务系统的应用实例。