用双频GPS观测值建立小区域电离层延迟模型研究

介绍了用双频GPS伪距观测值建立区域性电离层模型的基本原理和方法。模型的初步结果表明,该电离层模型建立后,可为覆盖区域内的广大单频用户提供在天顶方向优于0.4m精度的电离层延迟改正量,且具有30min以内天顶方向优于0.4m的预报精度。     

耕作措施对陕西耕作土壤碳储量的影响模拟*

鉴于农业生态系统土壤有机碳(SOC)平衡对中国农业可持续发展的重要性,文章以陕西农业生态系统为对象,整合农业生物地球化学模型(DNDC)与陕西农业地理信息系统数据库,利用陕西地区气象和作物资料,对陕西省2000年作物生长发育和土壤碳循环进行了模型模拟,实例探讨了耕作管理对土壤碳储量的影响,并由此评价生物地球化学模型在气候变化、土壤性质及农业耕作管理措施对土壤碳含量影响方面的预测能力。敏感性分析表明土壤性状,尤其是初始有机碳含量是影响模型区域尺度模拟的最主要敏感因素。区域模拟使用灵敏系数分析法,分别采用敏感因子的最大、最小值驱动模型在每一模拟单元内的运算,以产生一个土壤有机碳变化的范围值,土壤有机碳变化的真实值应以较大机率包含在这一范围内。分析模拟结果可以得出3点结论: 1)2000年陕西耕作土壤总有机碳储量约为103TgC,是一个大气CO₂源,向大气释放碳0.5TgC; 2)提高作物秸秆还田率是提高陕西农田碳库储量的有效可行措施,将作物秸秆还田率从当前的15 ％ 提高到50 ％ 或90 ％ 会使陕西农田土壤从大气CO₂源转变为汇,每年分别增加土壤有机碳库储量0.7TgC或2.1TgC; 3)施用有机农肥(500kg/hm²)也会增加土壤碳输入,从而提高土壤碳储量,使陕西农田系统转变为较弱的碳(C)源,每年可多固定0.2TgC。     

Intraguild predation by polyps of three scyphozoan jellyfish: Nemopilema nomurai,Aurelia coerulea,and Rhopilema esculentum

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Jellyfish blooms occur worldwide and have resulted in serious problems in tourism, fisheries, coastal industries, and the marine ecosystem. The life cycle of...     

Location Accuracy of the China National Seismograph Network Estimated by Repeating Events

INTRODUCTIONDigital seismological observation in China has had a significant development in recent years,especiallysince the last five years(Liu Ruifeng,et al.,2003).For further development,it isnecessarytoassessthe monitoringcapabilityof the existingseismological network.One of theimportantassessments is the estimation of regionalizedlocation accuracy.Upto present,several approaches have been proposed to assess the location accuracy,such asthe groundtruth event approach(e.g.,Lienert,199…     

基于再分析资料ERA5的对流层延迟估计方法及精度评估

提出基于再分析资料ERA5的天顶对流层延迟计算方法,使用中国大陆构造环境监测网络提供的26个GNSS测站2017年全年数据,评估由该方法计算的天顶对流层延迟的精度,并与前一代再分析资料ERA-Interim的计算结果进行对比分析。结果显示,ERA5计算的天顶对流层延迟均方根误差比ERA-Interim计算结果低,表明新一代产品的精度有明显提升。     

Cloning and expression analysis of the chloroplast fructose- 1,6-bisphosphatase gene from Pyropia haitanensis

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase(FBPase) is one of the key enzymes in Calvin circle and starch biosynthesis. In this study, the full-length of cpFBPase gene from Pyropia haitanensis was cloned by using rapid amplification of cDNA ends(RACE) technology. The nucleotide sequence of PhcpFBPase consists of 1 400 bp, including a 5′ untranslated region(UTR) of 92 bp, a 3′?UTR of 69 bp, and an open reading frame(ORF) of 1 236 bp, which can be translated into a 412-amino-acid putative peptides with a molecular weight of 44.3 kDa and a theoretical pI of 5.23. Multiple sequence alignment indicated that the protein belonged to the chloroplast FBPase enzyme. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the protein assembled with the cpFBPase of a thermal tolerant unicellular red micro-algae Galdieria sulphuraria. Expression patterns analyzed by qRT-PCR revealed that the expression of PhcpFBPase gene in the thallus phage was 7-fold higher than in the conchocelis phage, which suggested the different mechanisms of inorganic carbon utilization among the different life phages of P. haitanensis. And the different response modes of PhcpFBPase mRNA levels to high temperature and desiccation stress indicated that PhcpFBPase played an important role in responsing to abiotic stress.     

基于探地雷达解译的喀斯特坡地表层岩溶带空间分布特征研究

表层岩溶带作为喀斯特关键带区别于其他区域地球关键带的近地表岩土结构标志层,对于水分和养分下渗、赋存、滞留、植被水分养分利用等方面具有重要作用,是岩石-土壤-植被系统中生物地球化学过程最为活跃的关键地带。描述和认识表层岩溶带对认知喀斯特关键带结构信息、研究水土物质循环过程、揭示表层与地下水资源利用规律等方面具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。本文利用探地雷达技术,探测黔中高原黔西县东南部喀斯特坡地,共计测线35条,测点799个,提取表层岩溶带发育厚度并分析空间分布特征,得到以下结论：喀斯特高原峰丛地貌区表层岩溶带发育较好,发育厚度集中在2~8m之间,最深可达18.8m。表层岩溶带发育空间分布异质性强,坡地表层岩溶带厚度发育异质性变化强于坝地。地面物质组成和表层岩溶带发育厚度关系密切,坡地石质化比例提高,表层岩溶带发育较深,地面物质组成可作为高原型喀斯特坡地反映表层岩溶带发育程度的综合代用性指标。本次研究还指示了喀斯特坡地土地石质化是表层岩溶带地质历史时期不断溶蚀发育演化、土壤地质历史持续漏失的结果。表层岩溶带的发育为水土漏失提供了空间基础,水土漏失也进一步加剧了岩土界面的水岩反应过程,促进了表层岩溶带的进一步发育以及地表土体下沉、基岩裸露、土地石质化景观的出现。

     

The magnetohydrodynamics model of twin kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations in low-mass X-ray binaries

We suggest an explanation for the twin kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) in low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) based on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) oscillation modes in neutron star magnetospheres. Including the effect of the neutron star spin, we derive several MHD wave modes by solving the dispersion equations, and propose that the coupling of the two resonant MHD modes may lead to the twin kHz QPOs. This model naturally relates the upper, lower kHz QPO frequencies with the spin frequencies of the neutron stars, and can well account for the measured data of six LMXBs.     

红毛菜与坛紫菜光合作用和品质的比较分析

为研究两种经济红藻红毛菜(Bangia fucscopurpurea)和坛紫菜(Pyropia haitanensis)的光合作用和品质差异,选取一株野生型红毛菜CY和一株野生型坛紫菜NSD35作为实验材料,分别测定二者在相同培养条件下的关键光合参数和营养成分指标。结果显示：红毛菜的最大电子传递速率、净光合速率、藻红蛋白含量分别比坛紫菜高29.6%、96.8%、60.5%;必需矿质元素钾、钙、镁、铁、锌的含量分别比坛紫菜高59.5%、39.5%、34.1%、86.2%、68.4%;红毛菜的必需氨基酸和风味氨基酸含量都高于坛紫菜。此外,二者的呼吸速率、最大光量子产率、叶绿素a、总糖、总蛋白和碘含量没有显著差异。研究结果表明,与坛紫菜NSD35相比,红毛菜CY的光合速率更快,矿质元素积累能力更强,必需氨基酸和风味氨基酸含量更高。研究结果有助于了解红毛菜和坛紫菜的光合作用和品质特点,为开发红毛菜种质资源提供数据参考。