Distribution characteristics of heavy metals in surface sediments and core sediments of the Shenzhen Bay in Guangdong Province, China

The concentration of zinc, chromium, cadmium, nickel, lead and copper was measured on both surface sediments and core sediments in the Shenzhen Bay. The average contents of all metals have exceeded the background values in the coastal zone of Guangdong Province. Cadmium is a heavy pollution matter which indicates a strong pollution level according to the ecological risk coefficient method. The ecological risk index of the whole area is 299 which belongs to middle and strong level. The area with strong pollution level is the near shore area closing to the inside of Shenzhen Bay, Shakou area is in the middle level while the weak pollution level occurs in Shenzhenhe Estuary according to ecological risk index. The four sediment cores can be divided into two parts based on lead-210 dating, sediments size analysis and economic development period in surrounding areas since 1950 with strong human intervention. The sediment size, deposition rate and human activities have positive relationship with the contents of heavy metals which directly impact the pollution level of heavy metals in sediments in Shenzhen Bay.     

东海内陆架泥质沉积区全新世古环境变迁:有孔虫证据

对东海内陆架MD06-3040柱状样257个沉积物样品进行了有孔虫及其氧碳稳定同位素分析,应用底栖有孔虫组合和不同生态(表生/内生、内陆架/中外陆架)种的丰度,浮游有孔虫Globigerina.bulloides和Globigeri-noides.ruber的丰度及其稳定同位素记录,探讨了研究区全新世10.6cal.kaBP以来的古环境变迁。分析结果揭示了研究区全新世早期海面快速上升,沉积环境由滨岸内陆架(10.6～9.9cal.kaBP)、内陆架外缘(9.9～8.1cal.kaBP)转变至中陆架并达全新世最高海面(7.7～7.2cal.kaBP)。台湾暖流在8.0cal.kaBP起开始发育,并在6.0～2.8和0.7～0cal.kaBP两个时期派生出明显的上升流。台湾暖流及其所派生的上升流是造成东海陆架泥质快速沉积的最主要原因。采用浮游有孔虫G.bulloides的丰度变化,推测浙闽沿岸流在5.1cal.kaBP之前较弱,之后显著增强,其中在5.1～2.8cal.kaBP时期最为强盛。     

松辽坳陷湖盆环状坡折带发育特征及对沉积过程控制

借助高精度层序地层学、构造地层学、精细沉积体系分析和构造-古地貌恢复的理论和技术手段,对坳陷期松辽湖盆开展了整体性和综合性的再评价。研究认为,拗陷期影响和控制松辽盆地沉积过程的最主要因素是环古松辽湖盆发育的内环坡折带和外环坡折带。可划分为两大类型,即张扭性和压扭性。张扭型坡折以泉头组为代表,压扭型坡折在姚家组最典型。它们各自控制着不同的沉积过程。在此基础上,建立了具有典型代表意义的古松嫩平原沉积模型和古松嫩湖泊三角洲沉积模型。提出了以内、外环坡折为基础的有利勘探方向。     

区域性海洋要素持续测量平台新技术概述

21世纪是海洋的世纪,海洋要素现场观测对海洋学研究、海洋工程建设和海上国防安全等诸多方面具有深远的意义.比如近年来气候的剧烈变化,就是由大气和海洋共同作用的结果,且受海洋的影响较大[1],因为海洋表层储存的热量比大气多1 000多倍.     

西施舌外套膜蛋白质组双向电泳体系的构建

建立了西施舌(Coelomactra antiquata)外套膜蛋白质组的双向凝胶电泳体系,比较分析了不同pH梯度胶条、水化条件的优化及不同染色方法对双向电泳结果的影响.结果表明:用pH 4～7的非线性胶条,水化时加上除盐步骤,采用硝酸银染色,即可获得高分辨率、高重现性的双向电泳图谱,为进一步研究西施舌外套膜蛋白质的组成奠定了基础.     

青藏高原北缘公格尔山地区地形梯度的剖析

本文以青藏高原北缘西昆仑山脉的公格尔山地区为试验区域,基于SRTM-DEM数据,采用线状地形剖面和带状地形剖面的研究方法,对试验区从公格尔山顶到塔里木盆地的地形梯度进行了研究,并探讨了地形梯度与隆升过程之间的关系。研究结果表明:(1)线状地形剖面清晰直观,操作简单;带状剖面法能较好地反映区域的地形起伏状况。若将两种方法联合起来共同进行区域地形研究,则会获得更好效果。(2)从塔里木盆地到公格尔山顶,地形抬升共分3个梯度:分别是从海拔高度2 000m左右上升到约4 500m,从约4 500m上升到将近6 000m,从将近6000m上升到约7500m。地形抬升的不同梯度可能对应着公格尔山晚新生代地貌形成过程的不同隆升过程;而每个抬升梯度的拐点,则对应着不同隆升过程形成海拔高度的分界点。     

基于Global Mapper的地貌晕渲制图——以西安幅(Ⅰ-49)为例

地貌晕渲图自动制图是以计算机软、硬件为基础,对DEM数据实现的一种三维立体可视化表达。本文从地貌晕渲的基本理论出发,以我国1:100万标准分幅的西安幅(1-49)为例,采用Global Mapper软件实现了计算机地貌晕渲自动制作的全过程,主要内容包括:计算机地貌晕渲关键技术的实现,地貌晕渲效果与参数设置之间的关系,Global Mapper软件中各种参数设置的合理性分析,使用分层设色的办法对晕渲图进行色彩的设计,并利用PHOTOSHOP软件对结果进行整饰等。该方法可实现地貌晕渲图的自动制图。     

甘肃省重要古植物化石产地区划及保护利用

古植物化石是地质历史时期各类植物实体或遗迹的残留.对古植物化石产地进行系统的调查和区划研究是开展古生物化石保护和利用工作的基础.在资料研究和实地调查的基础上,对甘肃省24处重要古植物化石产地进行了评价和区划研究.甘肃省古植物化石产地可划分为北山地区、祁连山——河西走廊地区、鄂尔多斯和秦岭地区4个古生物化石大区以及6个古...     

Urban Construction Land Suitability Evaluation Based on Improved Multi-criteria Evaluation Based on GIS （MCE-GIS）： Case of New Hefei City,China

Urban construction land suitability evaluation （UCLSE） is a complex system engineering and the basis for rational use of the limited urban land resources in China. It has an important practical value on urban construction land use planning and management from the angle of methodology. As a widely used technique, traditional multi-criteria evaluation based on GIS （MCE-GIS）, is not suitable for UCLSE. This study develops an improved MCE-GIS method which could be more suitable for UCLSE based on urban complex ecological system theory and the summary of the shortcomings of traditional MCE-GIS. The improvements include three aspects： a composite evaluation index system rather than natural indexes alone, an index weight calculated by using fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） method rather than the common AHP method, and the integrated overlay rule, which includes selecting the minimum value, weighted linear combination （WLC） and simple summation. The main advantage of this improved technique is that it can make UCLSE more comprehensive, more operational and more reasonable. It can provide a scientific basis for decision making in the planning and management of urban construction land use. The improved MCE-GIS system has been adopted in the New Hefei City, Anhui Province, China. Based on the results of UCLSE in New Hefei, three functional areas including construction-appropriate areas, construction-restricted areas and construction-forbidden areas could be worked out, in which 36.90% of the total study area could be developed as urban construction land and the remaining 63.10% should be protected as reserves land or as ecological land. Furthermore, the results can orovide scientific decision suooort for spatial planning and eco-environment nrotection in New Hefei.     

Thickness distribution and extent of sea ice and snow in Prydz Bay and surrounding waters observed in 2012/2013 austral summer

Three ship-based observational campaigns were conducted to survey sea ice and snow in Prydz Bay and the surrounding waters(64.40°S–69.40°S, 76.11°E–81.29°E) from 28 November 2012 to 3 February 2013. In this paper, we present the sea ice extent and its variation, and the ice and snow thickness distributions and their variations with time in the observed zone. In the pack ice zone, the southern edge of the pack ice changed little, whereas the northern edge retreated significantly during the two earlier observation periods. Compared with the pack ice, the fast ice exhibited a significantly slower variation in extent with its northernmost edge retreating southwards by 6.7 km at a rate of 0.37 km?d-1. Generally, ice showed an increment in thickness with increasing latitude from the end of November to the middle of December. Ice and snow thickness followed an approximate normal distribution during the two earlier observations(79.7±28.9 cm, 79.1±19.1 cm for ice thickness, and 11.6±6.1 cm, 9.6±3.4 cm for snow thickness, respectively), and the distribution tended to be more concentrated in mid-December than in late November. The expected value of ice thickness decreased by 0.6 cm, whereas that of snow thickness decreased by 2 cm from 28 November to 18 December 2012. Ice thickness distribution showed no obvious regularity between 31 January and 3 February, 2013.