基于居民点密度的人口密度空间化

提出了一种基于居民点密度的人口密度空间化方法。以江苏省人口数据空间化为例,在采用核密度估计法得到江苏省镇(乡、街道)居民点密度后,运用基于居民点密度的人口密度空间化计算公式获得江苏省1 000m×1 000m的人口密度格网图,结果表明:江苏省人口分布的热点地区正是在建的三大都市圈(苏锡常都市圈、南京都市圈和徐州都市圈),其中苏锡常都市圈的人口分布呈现各向异性,而南京和徐州都市圈的人口分布则表现为各向同性;人口密度不仅取决于居民点密度,还与平均每个居民点的人口数密切相关,居民点密度大的区域的人口密度不一定大,居民点密度小的区域的人口密度也不一定小。     

中国第三次北极科学考察走航路线上空黑碳气溶胶的观测研究

2008年7月至9月,中国第3次北极科学考察期间,在走航路线上利用黑碳仪对黄海-日本海-鄂霍次克海-西北太平洋-白令海-楚科奇海-加拿大海盆等海区上的黑碳气溶胶浓度进行连续观测,最北观测位置达85°21.3′N.观测结果显示,北冰洋是全航线黑碳浓度最低的海区,平均浓度为(5.3±3.7)ng/m3;在70°N以北的海区...     

The chemical changes of DOM from black waters to coastal marine waters by HPLC combined with ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry

How dissolved organic matter (DOM) undergoes chemical changes during its transit from river to ocean remains a challenge due to its complex structure. In this study, DOM along a river transect from black waters to marine waters is characterized using an offline combination of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) coupled to electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FTICR-MS), as well as tandem ESI-FTICR-MS. In addition, a water extract from degraded wood that mainly consists of lignins is used for comparison to the DOM from this transect. The HPLC chromatograms of all DOM samples and the wood extract show two major well-separated components; one is hydrophilic and the other is hydrophobic, based on their elution order from the C₁₈ column. From the FTICR-MS analysis of the HPLC fractions, the hydrophilic components mainly contain low molecular weight compounds (less than 400 Da), while the hydrophobic fractions contain the vast majority of compounds of the bulk C₁₈ extracted DOM. The wood extract and the DOM samples from the transect of black waters to coastal marine waters show strikingly similar HPLC chromatograms, and the FTICR-MS analysis further indicates that a large fraction of molecular formulas from these samples are the same, existing as lignin-like compounds. Tandem mass spectrometry experiments show that several representative molecules from the lignin-like compounds have similar functional group losses and fragmentation patterns, consistent with modified lignin structural entities in the wood extract and these DOM samples. Taken together, these data suggest that lignin-derived compounds may survive the transit from the river to the coastal ocean and can accumulate there because of their refractory nature.     

时差对海洋磁力测量地磁日变改正的影响分析

为研究时差对磁测的影响,基于站间同步地磁日变曲线的特征,尝试采用同步比对法和相关分析法计算两站的时差.结论表明:同步比对法和相关分析法能反映站间真实的时差,当测区范围较小时(至少是在本文实例的两个地磁日变站之间),时差对地磁日变改正的影响很小,海洋磁力测量地磁日变改正时可以忽略其影响.     

活性半焦低温催化氧化NO的研究

制备了活性半焦催化剂用于在低温下将NO氧化为NO2。通过水热活化、高温活化、酸活化、碱活化以及组合活化等多种活化方法对原半焦进行活化改性,以提高半焦的催化氧化性能。利用酸碱滴定、Boehm滴定、SEM、BET、FT-IR等方法对活性半焦的物化性质进行了表征。采用固定床反应器测定活性半焦催化氧化NO的能力,其反应条件为:温度70℃、空速600 h-1、O2和NO浓度分别为5%和443 mg/m3。将活性半焦催化氧化NO的催化性能与其物化性质进行了关联,结果表明:半焦上的羰基官能团和碱性官能团共同作用于NO的吸附氧化过程,NO在羰基上被吸附并氧化,碱性官能团则协助氧化产物NO2迁移出羰基活性位并将NO2储存在碱性官能团上,使羰基活性恢复。根据以上理论所制备的经过碱活化和高温活化的催化剂硝容最大,可达1.01%。     

基于记忆电阻的Chua混沌电路的实现及动态性能分析

提出利用磁通量控制的记忆电阻和1个负电导来替代典型蔡氏混沌电路的非线性电阻,并对改进后电路的理论推导、数值仿真、分岔图l、yapunov指数谱等系统的基本动力学特性进行分析,结果显示,该系统可由马蹄混沌吸引子过渡为双涡卷混沌吸引子,混沌行为更为复杂。最后,利用FPGA技术实现了该电路,实验结果表明,该系统能够产生混沌吸引子。     

Review of China's scientific research progress in polar meteorology in the last 30 years

The Antarctic and Arctic are sensitive to global climate change; therefore, they are key regions of global climate change research. This paper, the progress in scientific investigations and research regarding the atmosphere in the polar regions over the last 30 years by Chinese scientists is summarized. Primary understanding of the relationship between the polar regions and global change, especially, the variations in time and space in the Antarctic and Arctic regions with respect to climate change is indicated. Operational weather forecasts for investigation of the polar regions have also been established. Moreover, changes in sea ice and their impact on the atmosphere of polar regions have been diagnosed and simulated. Parameterization of the atmospheric boundary layer of different underlying layers and changes in the atmospheric ozone in the polar region has also been experimented. Overall, there has been great progress in studies of the possible impact of changes in the atmospheric environment of polar regions on circulation in East Asia and the climate of China.     

机载激光测深精度外部检核方法

给出了单波束测深的原理,分析了单波束观测数据预处理模型,提出了采用单波束测深成果检核机载激光数据质量的技术方法,并以我国自行研制的机载激光测深系统为例,给出了该系统在某海区试验数据的外部检核结果.针对两种测深手段之间明显存在系统性偏差的问题,提出了以单波束测深成果为控制,对机载激光测深数据系统偏差进行校正和补偿的处理方...     

基于云平台的遥感信息公共服务研究

云平台作为云计算服务的基础架构,在计算机网络的基础上提供各种计算资源的统一管理和动态分配。文章提出的基于云平台的遥感信息公共服务,就是借助云平台先进的基础架构和管理方式,构建快速有效的遥感信息公共服务,推进遥感信息的应用和遥感信息事业的进步。文章在引进云平台技术的基础上,分析遥感信息公共服务平台的架构和关键技术,并对服务平台的应用前景和进一步研究进行展望。     

大兴安岭中南部上二叠统林西组页岩气资源前景

在区域地质调查、露头剖面测量、钻孔编录等野外地质工作的基础上,对上二叠统林西组烃源岩的分布特征、沉积特征及有机地球化学特征进行了研究.结果表明,上二叠统林西组分布广泛、厚度巨大、暗色泥页岩发育,烃源岩的有机质丰度为中等—好,有机质类型主要为Ⅱ型,有机质热演化程度为高成熟—过成熟,达到生气阶段,是大兴安岭中南部地区重要的生烃层位.综合评价认为,林西组具有较高的页岩气资源前景,是本区晚古生代最有利的页岩气勘探新层系之一.