HONO在γ-Al2O3(110)表面非均相氧化SO2机理的第一性原理研究

为研究亚硝酸(HONO)在γ-Al_2O_3(110)表面非均相氧化SO_2的机理,基于密度泛函理论(density functional theory,DFT)的第一性原理计算了SO_2和HONO在γ-Al_2O_3(110)表面的吸附机制和氧化机制。结果表明,SO_2以分子的形式吸附在完整或缺陷的γ-Al_2O_3(110)表面,而HONO仅在完整表面上以分子的形式存在。表面氧缺陷的存在不仅会增强SO_2和HONO的吸附强度,而且能诱导HONO在含氧缺陷表面的分解(HONO→NO+·OH)。通过局域态密度(partial density of states,PDOS)和Mulliken电荷布局分析表明,HONO的分解遵循Haber-Weiss机制。当SO_2和HONO共同吸附在氧缺陷表面时,HONO分解产生·OH,氧化SO_2形成HOSO_2团簇分子。该研究不仅有助于理解HONO在矿物氧化物表面氧化SO_2的作用,而且为解释大气硫酸盐气溶胶的形成提供了理论依据。     

辽宁北票地区江沟山岩体锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学

辽宁北票地区江沟山岩体主要岩性为二长花岗岩,属高钾钙碱性岩系.SiO2含量高（71.4%~73.78%）,富碱并相对富Na2O（Na2O/K2O平均为1.17）,Mg#较低（平均为0.18）.岩石的铝饱和指数（A/CNK）较高（1.09~1.24）,为过铝质岩石.标准矿物中普遍出现刚玉分子（1.36~3.01）,应属S型花岗岩特点.稀土总量较低（平均为96.99×10-6）,轻、重稀土分馏明显（（La/Yb）N=6.27~32.88）,有中等程度的负铕异常（0.77~0.87）.在微量元素蜘蛛网图上,强烈富集大离子亲石元素（如Rb、Ba）,高场强元素（如Ti）强烈亏损.在R1-R2图解中,江沟山岩体投影在同碰撞环境.该岩体锆石U-Pb年龄加权平均分别为239±2 Ma和233±4 Ma,表明该岩体为三叠纪侵位.前人研究发现,本区西部有中三叠世（229.2~237.5 Ma）侵入的S型花岗岩体,认为是西伯利亚板块与华北板块碰撞的产物.本文结论与之完全一致,从而为两大板块边缘大陆岩石圈演化提供了新的依据.     

内蒙古敖兰敖日格一带侵入岩地球化学数据的统计分析与地质解释

采用数理统计方法,研究了内蒙古科右中旗敖兰敖日格一带出露的侵入岩的岩石地球化学特征.选用地质因子分析等统计方法,分析了解体后的敖兰敖日格岩体、杜尔基岩体中各侵入岩填图单位的常量元素、区域主要成矿元素等地球化学数据,总结了侵入岩的岩石地球化学特征由老到新的演化趋势及变化规律,探讨了各主要岩体与区域成矿的相关性,为区域地质找矿提供依据.     

The Prediction of Non-stationary Climate Series Based on Empirical Mode Decomposition

This paper proposes a new approach which we refer to as ``segregatedprediction to predict climate time series which are nonstationary. Thisapproach is based on the empirical mode decomposition method (EMD), whichcan decompose a time signal into a finite and usually small number of basicoscillatory components. To test the capabilities of this approach, someprediction experiments are carried out for several climate time series. Theexperimental results show that this approach can decompose thenonstationarity of the climate time series and segregate nonlinearinteractions between the different mode components, which thereby is able toimprove prediction accuracy of these original climate time series.     

1961-2014年石家庄地区降水量的时空变化特征

利用石家庄地区5个代表站1961-2014年的逐日降水资料,采用多种统计分析方法,分析了石家庄地区降水量的时空变化特征,结果表明石家庄地区年降水量从20世纪70年代开始下降,80年代达到最低,90年代有所增加,但也没有明显的上升趋势,21世纪初又开始下降.20世纪70年代降水量的减少春季和秋季贡献最大,80年代降水量的减少和90年代降水量的增加主要是夏季的贡献.石家庄地区年降水量起伏较大,1963年降水量最多,为1038.4 mm,2014年最少,仅为276.2 mm.近54年石家庄年降水量在波动中呈现下降趋势,线性趋势为-11.0 mm/（10 a）,但下降趋势并不明显.石家庄北部年降水量呈上升趋势,市区及东部、南部和西部年降水量均呈下降趋势,变化趋势均不明显.近54年,石家庄春季降水量呈上升趋势,线性趋势为0.9 mm/（10 a）,夏季、秋季和冬季降水量均呈下降趋势,线性趋势分别为-11.9,-1.1和-0.3 mm/（10 a）,上升或下降趋势均不明显.夏季降水减少是导致石家庄年降水减少的主要原因.石家庄四季降水量变化趋势的空间分布具有明显的季节特征和区域特征.石家庄四季降水量均存在显著周期变化.     

S变换在定点形变观测中的应用

应用S变换,对比分析湖州地震台秒采样定点形变观测到新疆皮山县6.5级地震的频谱动态演化特征,VP倾斜仪和JCZ地震计记录的地震波较为相似,不同的震相有不同的周期,有显著的震相特征,但SSQ倾斜仪不同震相的周期没有显著的差异性。     

THE ACTIVITY OF WESTERN LISHAN FAULT SINCE THE LATE PLEISTOCENE

Along the northern piedmont of Mt. Lishan, the characteristics and locations of the active normal Lishan fault in west of Huaqing Pool provide important evidences for determining the seismotectonic environment, seismic stability evaluation of engineering in the eastern Weihe Basin. After reviewing the results from high-density resistivity method, seismic profile data, geological drillhole section and trenching in west of the Huaqing Pool, it is found that the strike of western normal Lishan Fault changes from EW direction at the eastern part to the direction of N60°W, and the fault consists of two branches, dipping NE with a high dip angle of~75°. The artificial shallow seismic profile data reveals that the attitude of strata near Lishan Fault mainly dips to south, which is presumed to be related to the southward tilt movement of Mt. Lishan since the Cenozoic. The section of geological drillhole reveals that since the late middle Pleistocene, the displacement of the paleo-soil layer S₂ is about 10m. And the maximum displacement of western Lishan Fault recorded in the paleo-soil layer S₁ reaches 7.8m since the late Pleistocene. In addition, evidences from trench profile show that the western Lishan Fault was active at least 3 times since Malan loess deposition with ¹⁴ C dating age(32 170±530)Cal a BP. The multiple activities of the Lishan Fault result in a total displacement about 3.0m in the Malan loess layer L₁. The latest activity of the western Lishan Fault produced a displacement of about 0.9m in the early Holocene loess layer L₀((8 630±20)Cal a BP)and caused obvious tensile cracks in the Holocene dark leoss layer S₀((4 390±20)Cal a BP). Briefly, we have obtained a vertical movement rate of about 0.11~0.19mm/a since the Holocene((8 630±20)Cal a BP)in the western extension of the Lishan Fault, the recurrence interval of earthquakes on the fault is about(10.7±0.5)ka, and the co-seismic surface rupture in a single event is inferred to be about 0.9m.     

河北地震前兆台网3G网络典型故障处理

针对河北省地震局前兆观测台网3G无线网络使用过程中出现的典型故障进行了系统的分析,给出了处理方法.通过总结这些典型故障案例的排障过程,提出了一种排除故障的模型流程,为今后实际工作中台站网络维护提供参考依据.     

High-Altitude CUSP: The Extremely Dynamic Region in Geospace

The high-altitude dayside cusps (both northern and southern) are extremely dynamic regions in geospace. Large diamagnetic cavities with significant fluctuations of the local magnetic field strength have been observed there. These cusp diamagnetic cavities are always there day after day and are as large as 6 R_E Associated with these cavities are charged particles with energies from 20 keV up to 10 MeV. The intensities of the cusp energetic ions have been observed to increase by as much as four orders of the magnitude when compared with regions adjacent to the cusp which includes the magnetosheath. Their seed populations are a mixture of ionospheric and solar wind particles. The measured energetic ion fluxes in the high-altitude cusp are higher than that in both the regions upstream and downstream from the bow shock. Turbulent electric fields with an amplitude of about 10 mV/m are also present in the cusp, and a cusp resonant acceleration mechanism is suggested. The observations indicate that the dayside high-altitude cusp is a key region for transferring the solar wind mass, momentum, and energy into the Earth’s magnetosphere.