胶辽半岛金伯利岩中地幔捕虏体岩石学特征：古生代岩石圈地幔及其不均一性

华北东部古生代岩石圈地幔经历过复杂的多旋回多阶段熔融岩浆、重结晶、变质和剪切变形历史,因而岩石组成、结构复杂.地幔橄榄岩的主元素、地幔矿物特别是金刚石中的包裹体的Mg#值及Cr#值等显示古生代岩石圈地幔高度难熔亏损玄武质的成分特征,而地幔橄榄岩的不相容元素、同位素显示高度富集的特点.这种高难熔和强富集两重性是克拉通岩石圈地幔的特征.Pb同位素反映华北东部古生代岩石圈地幔具冈瓦纳大陆地幔的特点.复县和蒙阴古生代岩石圈地幔尽管都表现为太古代克拉通地幔的特征,但存在着不均一性,前者受克拉通化后的深部作用影响强于后者.与新生代地幔Sr、Nd同位素对比表明富集的古生代岩石圈地幔向亏损新生代的地幔转变和减薄伴有新生地幔物质对古老岩石圈的置换和混合作用.     

柱撑粘土矿物的研究新进展——新矿物材料研究综述之一

柱撑粘土矿物作为一种大层间距的多酸型层柱微孔材料,是一种性能优异的催化剂和吸附剂,本文在较全面分析前人资料的基础上,结合笔者所做的工作,对柱撑粘土矿物的制备性能表征及其应用最新研究进展进行综述与展望。     

安徽大别山团岭花岗岩体岩石学特征及成因

团岭花岗岩体侵位于大别山南部超高压变质带变质表壳岩中, 由细粒少斑二长花岗岩和中粒少斑二长花岗岩组成。通过岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学的研究, 确定其为Ｓ 型花岗岩, 源岩可能来自大别山变质杂岩。结合同位素资料, 认为其属燕山期花岗岩, 侵位机制为底辟式强力就位。     

2000年苏门答腊M_S8.0地震对缅甸M_S6.5地震动态应力触发作用及影响因素

根据地震动态触发理论,计算了2000年苏门答腊MS8.0,地震在缅甸MS6.5地震破裂面上产生的动态库仑应力:正峰值为1.357 5 MPa,负峰值为-1.113 5 MPa。峰值大于地震触发阈值0.01 MPa,苏门答腊地震的发生对缅甸地震具有一定的触发作用。在计算过程中发现,主震基本参数、传播过程中介质参数和被触发地震断层参数的准确性对计算结果有较大影响。     

综合物探技术在小盘岭公路隧道选线中的应用

利用综合物探技术,查明岩体风化情况、围岩分类以及构造带分布,进而为公路隧道的选线提供足够的信息,具有重要的意义。采用先进的电阻率成像技术和高分辨率浅层地震勘探方法,在小盘岭公路选线时,取得了很好的应用效果。     

鄂尔多斯盆地陕北斜坡延长区块储层流体识别

延长油田区块位于鄂尔多斯盆地陕北斜坡东部延安单斜的中间部位,为研究天然气储层及储层中高含气分布区,2008年在延长油田区块内完成三维地震勘探344km2。本文对三维地震资料应用吸收系数、频谱分解、振幅衰减等地震属性进行流体识别试验。试验结果表明振幅衰减对含气层段异常响应相对敏感,吸收系数对高含气层段有一定反映。利用天然气储层各层段振幅衰减极大值,参考吸收系数剖面的高值层段,分析预测了三维区块含气概率高的平面分布区,2009年在预测的含气概率高分布区进行了探井验证,取得了比较理想的效果。     

Spatial distribution of surface soil water content under different vegetation types in northwest Guangxi, China

Geostatistical and statistical analyses were combined to examine the spatial distribution of soil water content under four vegetation types during the dry season, in the peak-cluster depression in the karst region in northwest Guangxi, southwest China. The soil water content significantly increased from farmland to plantation, secondary forest, and primary forest; whereas the variation coefficients, the sill (C ₀+C), and total spatial variance increased, although the range decreased. The spatial distribution of soil water content in the different vegetation types had a high spatial autocorrelation. Different models produced a best fit for the semivariograms of the four vegetation types. Elevation and slope position were the primary factors influencing the spatial distribution of soil water content, with other key factors differing between the four vegetation types. Moreover, even though different specific factors influenced soil water content in the four vegetation types, the correlations and degrees of associations between the soil water content and these various factors differed. Therefore, the corresponding strategies for rational usage and management of water resources should be different for the four vegetation types in this region.     

Large Tetrapod Burrows from the Permian Naobaogou Formation of the Daqingshan Area,Nei Mongol,China

Two new tetrapod burrow casts from the Naobaogou Formation （Middle or Late Permian） of Nei Mongol,China are described.It marks the first pre-Cenozoic tetrapod burrow from China,and one of the earliest records of tetrapod burrows.Comparison to other Permian and Triassic burrows suggests that these burrows were created by tetrapod slightly smaller than Lystrosaurus.Deduced from the morphology and sizes of two burrows and known tetrapods of the Naobaogou Formation,the burrow should be the production of a therapsid,most likely a dicynodon.These burrows indicate a seasonal climate and this area was semiarid or arid during that time.     

开敞水域中航槽流场的数值模拟

建立了一个模拟开敞水域中航槽流场的平面二维数学模型.利用该模型计算得到的流速分布与袁美琦、李安中等人试验值相吻合,并计算了相当于天然情况下(各种水深、挖深比及航槽与水流的不同交角)的流场,得到了各种航槽与水流交角、不同挖深比的航槽流速折减系数变化规律图,及各种航槽与水流交角、不同挖深比的航槽中流向与航槽轴线交角的变化规律图,为开敞水域中航槽选线设计提供了依据.     

俄罗斯乌多坎砂岩型铜矿的成矿特征与找矿标志

乌多坎砂岩型铜矿是世界知名的超大型砂岩型铜矿之一。总结了该矿床形成的区域地质背景和矿床地质特征,建立了乌多坎砂岩型铜矿的找矿模型与找矿标志,对比了乌多坎砂岩型铜矿床与世界主要著名砂岩型铜矿床的特征,分析了它们之间成矿及赋矿的共同点。结果表明,世界著名的大型-超大型砂岩型铜矿均形成于后造山盆地或地台边缘的盆地(坳陷)中;矿体的规模与形态取决于岩性-岩相条件;矿化类型均具有Cu-Ag矿化特征;均具有干旱的古气候条件及滨海相、三角洲相、海湾-泻湖相的岩相-古地理环境。