阿克苏河流域1999年夏季洪水气象条件分析和预报服务

1999年 7月中旬到 8月上旬 ,阿克苏河流域出现历史罕见洪水。高温融雪以及山区降水是这次洪水的主要气象成因。 5 0 0hPa南疆稳定的副热带高压和中亚到帕米尔高原一带的副热带低槽是造成阿克苏河流域特大洪水的主要影响系统。     

基性、超基性岩地质数据库及库内数据计算程序(三)

四、矿物成分及成岩温度、压力计算程序基性、超基性岩的造岩矿物和副矿物比较简单,重要地是利用矿物化学分析结果来确定造岩矿物和副矿物的类质同像系列,并利用这些数据研究成岩、成矿时的物理、化学条件。因此,在我们的数据库内配有矿物成分和成岩温度、压力的计算程序。     

EVALUATION OF CORRECTIONS ON TURBULENT FLUXES OBTAINED BY EDDY COVARIANCE METHOD IN HIGH WINDS

This paper investigates processing of fast-response data and corrections of turbulent fluxes obtained by using eddy covariance method based on data collected at an offshore observation tower during three Cold-intrusion(CI)events in the South China Sea in 2010. This study presents the data processing procedure in detail and compares frictional velocities(u*), sensible heat fluxes(H) and latent heat fluxes(LE) yielded by using different averaging periods and different coordinate rotation methods; evaluates the sonic temperature correction for sensible heat flux and the Webb correction for latent heat flux as a function of 10 m wind speed(u10) during the CIs. The results show(1) that the different averaging periods of 30 min and 10 min cause biases of u*(H, LE) within 5%(15%, 62%). The values of u*(H,LE) averaged from 30 mins are mostly larger than those averaged from 10 mins. We suggest that the averaging period of 10 min is not sufficiently long to capture all scale eddies and recommend 30 min averaging period in calculating turbulent fluxes using eddy covariance method during CIs;(2) that the values of u*(H, LE) obtained from double rotation(DR2) and those obtained from planar fit rotation(PF) have good agreements and correlation coefficients between them are larger than 0.99. Because PF method requires unchanged environment and it is easier to apply DR2 method, we suggest DR2 coordinate rotation method in processing fast-response data; and(3) that the median values of frictional velocity(sensible heat flux and latent heat flux) binned according to 2 m s~(-1) intervals of u_(10) increase(decrease,increase) by less than 9%(4%, 10%) by Coriolis corrections(sonic temperature corrections, Webb corrections), which decreases(decreases, increases) with increasing u10 when u10 are 5-17 m s~(-1).     

基于WebGIS的汶川地震次生地质灾害信息管理系统

汶川地震次生地质灾害数量多、分布广且类型复杂,严重威胁灾区人民的生命财产安全。为了分析次生地质灾害发育分布规律,并用于减灾防灾,急需一种有效的方法来对现场调查获取的大量地质灾害数据进行管理。以信息建模理论为指导,运用统一建模语言UML,并结合GIS空间数据模型分析,以建立面向对象的空间数据模型,及实现海量地灾信息综合管理为目的,研发了汶川地震次生地质灾害信息综合管理系统(WIMS)。利用GIS的强大空间图形管理能力、数据库技术以及网络开发等技术,以发布图形服务与数据服务的方式实现地质灾害数据共享,解决了空间数据编辑及提升地图访问速度的关键技术问题。该系统不仅能够为灾害管理部门制定防治方案提供一定的参考依据,并且能够为广大群众提供一个认识地质灾害的公共平台,提高全民防灾意识。     

EVOLUTION OF LIQUID WATER CONTENT IN A SEA FOG CONTROLLED BY A HIGH-PRESSURE PATTERN

On March 16–17, 2008, a sea fog occurred in Dianbai in the west of Guangdong Province and was accompanied by a high-pressure synoptic system. Using comprehensive observation datasets, this study analyzes the evolution of liquid water content during this sea fog and investigates the relationships between liquid water content and the average diameters and count densities of fog droplets, air temperature, wind speed and turbulence exchanges. The main results are presented as follows. (1) The sea fog showed a quasi-periodic oscillation characteristic, i.e., it developed, disappeared and then developed again. (2) During the sea fog, the number of fog droplets changed significantly while the changes in average diameter of the fog droplets were relatively small. The development and disappearance of the sea fog correlated significantly with the fog droplet numbers. (3) The air-cooling mechanism played a significant role in sea fog formation and development. However, the influences of this mechanism were not evident during fog persistence. (4) During sea fog formation, weak turbulence exchanges were helpful for fog formation. During sea fog development and persistence, liquid water content increased when turbulence exchanges weakened, and vice versa. The changes in turbulence exchanges were closely related to the quasi-periodic oscillations observed in sea fog presence.     

四川旺苍二叠系吴家坪组铼、硒等稀散元素找矿新发现及意义

稀散元素因其在地质体中极分散的特点,极难形成独立矿床。通过找矿预测研究,在四川旺苍地区二叠系吴家坪组一段首次发现了独立的铼硒富集层位,具沉积改造成矿特征。局部地段稀疏钻探工程探获铼资源量61.4 t,硒3000 t,显示了巨大的铼硒找矿潜力。考虑到同层位钒钼矿层形成分层富集、相互伴生,矿石经济可选,综合回收元素多的特点,本区有望成为中国紧缺新兴战略资源成矿新类型的重要成矿带,且具有赋矿层位稳定、矿化均匀、规模巨大的特点。     

鲜水河断裂带流动地磁变化特征与地震

对鲜水河断裂带10多年的磁力观测资料进行处理。分析认为：鲜水河断裂带对网区磁力的时间变化有明显的控制作用：东南段的变化大于西北段，年磁场异常是地震的前兆。     

基于Delphi的数据库查询设计方法

随着网络技术和数据库技术的迅速发展，数据库查询技术越来越受到重视。查询是数据库应用的一项重要技术，是获得信息资源的重要手段。文章介绍了面向构件的程序设计语言Delphi的数据库性能，给出基于Delphi的多种数据库查询设计方法。包括如何使用数据过滤、简单查询、如何使用Select语句查询、模糊查询、参数化查询、设置书签、搜索定位、多库关联查询等方法。     

北京地区SO_2污染的长期模拟及不同类型排放源影响的计算与评估

采用分行业、分季节、高分辨的北京市SO2排放源清单,和NCEP气象分析场资料,用HYSPLIT-4(HybridSingleParticleLagrangianIntegratedTrajectory)污染扩散模式,计算了北京2000年和2001年地面SO2逐日变化,分析了北京当地及周边地区不同类型排放源对北京地面SO2的影响.与实测值对比表明,模式能够较好的模拟出北京地面SO2的逐日变化特点和季节分布.计算的各种排放源对北京的影响说明,总体上,北京当地排放影响较大,周边源影响大约占20%左右,但在一定天气条件下,周边源贡献仍可超过30%以上,甚至个别时候超过40%;如果考虑周边源的采暖期源强增大一倍,则采暖期周边源平均贡献2000年和2001年分别增加到35%和40%.对北京市划分的7类排放源分别计算其对北京地面SO2的浓度贡献率发现,在北京市区的各类排放源中,占北京市区排放量较少部分(不到三分之一)的工业面源和锅炉面源对北京市区的SO2贡献很大,是北京市SO2污染治理的关键.     

《新疆农业气象论文集》

新疆是我国21世纪开发大西北的重点。新疆有丰富的光照、土地资源,典型的大陆性气候及灌溉农业,给不少农作物提供了特别优良的生态条件。葡萄、瓜果、棉花、甜菜、酒花、大麦等各种经济作物品质优良,驰名中外。国内外许多有识之士高度重视新疆气候资源的开发利用问题。新疆的农业、农业气象工作者对此进行了多年的研究。尤其是近6年来,在农业气候资源和农业气候区划、牧