全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8455篇 |
免费 | 1058篇 |
国内免费 | 3516篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 445篇 |
大气科学 | 1655篇 |
地球物理 | 2627篇 |
地质学 | 5317篇 |
海洋学 | 874篇 |
天文学 | 348篇 |
综合类 | 698篇 |
自然地理 | 1065篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 66篇 |
2023年 | 176篇 |
2022年 | 116篇 |
2021年 | 195篇 |
2020年 | 80篇 |
2019年 | 125篇 |
2018年 | 186篇 |
2017年 | 63篇 |
2016年 | 145篇 |
2015年 | 145篇 |
2014年 | 250篇 |
2013年 | 246篇 |
2012年 | 235篇 |
2011年 | 261篇 |
2010年 | 217篇 |
2009年 | 273篇 |
2008年 | 215篇 |
2007年 | 358篇 |
2006年 | 418篇 |
2005年 | 481篇 |
2004年 | 474篇 |
2003年 | 335篇 |
2002年 | 396篇 |
2001年 | 453篇 |
2000年 | 462篇 |
1999年 | 223篇 |
1998年 | 160篇 |
1997年 | 181篇 |
1996年 | 148篇 |
1995年 | 172篇 |
1994年 | 150篇 |
1993年 | 364篇 |
1992年 | 317篇 |
1991年 | 420篇 |
1990年 | 377篇 |
1989年 | 399篇 |
1988年 | 442篇 |
1987年 | 366篇 |
1986年 | 259篇 |
1985年 | 353篇 |
1984年 | 291篇 |
1983年 | 216篇 |
1982年 | 174篇 |
1981年 | 127篇 |
1980年 | 182篇 |
1964年 | 89篇 |
1960年 | 52篇 |
1959年 | 109篇 |
1958年 | 120篇 |
1957年 | 128篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 296 毫秒
81.
Wen Shengchang 《海洋学报(英文版)》1988,7(3):325-343
The method developed by Wen et al. (1988 a) for deriving theoretical wind wave frequency spectrum in deep water is extended to the case of water of finite depth, in which a parameter η=H/d is introduced, where H and d represent the average wave height and water depth respectively. The derived spectra reduce to those in deep water when η=0. The case of η=1/2 corresponds to waves impending to break because of the effect of the bottom. Simplified forms of spectra are given. The theoretical results agree with the observed spectra well. 相似文献
82.
AN ECOSYSTEM MODEL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF MINE TAILINGS ON THE EUPHOTIC ZONE OF A PELAGIC ECOSYSTEM 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A computer analysis was performed on experimental results obtained when mine tailings were added to seawater. The Mixed Upper-Layer Ecotrophie Simulation (MULES) model was tested by changing the extinction coefficient and the abundance of heterotrophic zooflagellates. Increasing the extinction coefficient resulted in a delay of phytoplankton growth, an increase in zooplankton standing stock and better growth of autotrophic flagellates compared with diatoms. Zooflagellates in the ecosystem influence the growth of zooplankton; secondary production by zooplankton was markedly depressed at low levels of zooflagellates. These results are believed to be of general significance for the diagnosis of suspended sediment effects on planktonic ecosystems. 相似文献
83.
Nowadays there are some chronic serious environmental problems, such as eutrophication, blue tide and so on, in a complicated coastal zone or a semi-enclosed bay, because the water exchanges between an inner bay and an outer sea is weak compared with the supply of contaminant. Under this situation, a method to improve the water quality by 3-dimensional small unsymmetrical structures has been proposed by Komatsu et al. In this paper, several numerical simulations of the tidal current and concentration for various arrangements of bottom roughness in a semi-enclosed model bay are carfled out with a depth-averaged 2-D numerical model. The model is solved by the hybrid finite analytic method with nonstaggered grid. And the SIMPLES algorithm with Rhie and Chow' s momentum interpolation technique is used for the simulation. The effect of Komatsu' s method for water purification is examined by numerical simulation. The result of numerical experiment indicates that it is possible to generate a new tidal residual current and to activate a tidal exchange by bottom roughness arrangement only. 相似文献
84.
Hydrophobic contaminants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) readily adsorb to organic matter. The aim of this study was to determine the importance of the quality of sedimentary organic matter for the uptake, biotransformation and toxicity of the PAH, fluoranthene (Flu), in the infaunal brittle star Amphiura filiformis. Brittle stars were exposed to a base sediment covered by a 2 cm Flu-spiked top layer (30 microg Flu/g dry wt. sed.), enriched to the same total organic carbon content with either refractory or labile organic matter. The labile carbon source was concentrated green flagellate: Tetraselmis spp. The refractory carbon source was lignin from a paper mill. Tissue concentrations of Flu both in disk and arm-fractions were determined as total Flu, parent Flu (i.e. untransformed), aqueous Flu-metabolites, polar Flu-metabolites and tissue residue Flu (i.e. unextractable). Our results showed that sediment particle ingestion is a pathway by which Flu can enter benthic food webs. Flu toxicity (measured as arm-regeneration), but not net accumulation, was dependent on the nutritional quality of the ingested sediment particles. Flu bioaccumulation could not be attributed solely to equilibrium partitioning between organism lipid content and organic content of the sediment. Biotransformation of Flu by brittle stars was very limited and unaffected by organic matter quality. A. filiformis contributed to the downward transport of Flu from the surface sediment to the burrow lining. The limited breakdown of parent Flu by brittle stars and/or microorganisms was relatively higher in burrows compared to surface sediment, and highest in the presence of labile organic matter. Tissue concentrations were higher in disk than in arms, but the proportion of metabolic products relative to parent Flu was higher in arms than in the disk fraction. We estimate that the yearly mobilization of sediment-associated Flu by arm-regeneration in A. filiformis is in the range of 3.8-29.4 microg total Flu eq. m(-2) year(-1) at a sediment concentration of 30 microg Flu/g dry wt. sed. 相似文献
85.
基于拉格朗日余流及其输运过程的一种三维空间弱非线性理论,进一步假定Si在河口的无因次化学转移项量级为k^2,给出了Si的长期输运方程。对于一种二维模型河口,数值求解了零阶天文潮,欧拉余流、斯托克斯漂移、拉格朗日余流和盐度的分布;分别计算了平均逼留时间为13,30,60,180d等所对应的Si浓度分布;给出了Si-s相关图,讨论了河口中Si的保守性问题。 相似文献
86.
1984年海洋学工程的主要措施是在空间建立海洋观察站。新的海军遥控海洋测向系统卫星(NROSS)和欧洲空间站的地球资源卫星(ERS—Ⅰ)已得到政府的批准,列入了预算项目,开展了利用卫星调查内容的计划和操作运行的计划。NROSS 的传感器有用于风的 NASA(国家航空和航天局)的传播计量器;用于水面温度,冰的性质和海冰边端的微波无线 相似文献
87.
R.P.VonHerzen 《海洋地质前沿》1997,(2)
在过去10年中,通过国际合作,对大西洋中肯的热液矿泉及周围地质背景进行了研究。TAG热液矿泉位于26°N,45°W,距大西洋中脊轴数公里,它是世界卜已发现的最大热液矿泉之一.这个活动的热泉位于一直径为10m的烟囱上,该烟囱位于一直径为150-200m、高40m的椭圆形硫化矿山上.在这个硫化矿山附近几公里范围内还发现了几个不活动的热泉。TAG靠近两条转换断层之间的大西洋中脊.区域重力调查表明,TAG北部的剪切带在向北漂移.分析TAG海底玄武岩表明,源岩在10-15km深处.从旁侧声纳资料看出,TAG由两个复杂的烟囱组成.近海底地球… 相似文献
88.
A contrasting study of the large-scale circulation features responsible for months or seasons with many hurricanes and those with few hurricanes has revealed that the frequency of hurricane formation over the North Atlantic Ocean is enhanced by the following conditions:There exists a well-developed subtropical high-pressure belt displaced to the north; a deep Icelandic low; a stronger-than-normal polar vortex with a deep polar trough dipping far southward along the eastern part of the United States; a dominant high-pressure ridge over western Canada and the United States; and a jet stream displaced northward over these regions. At 200 hPa, an anomalous anticyclonic circulation prevails over the subtropical North Atlantic. A stronger-than-normal upper easterly flow prevails. Positive sea surface temperature anomalies prevailing on a seasonal or long-term basis tend to be favorable for the formation of hurricanes. 相似文献
89.
CHARACTERISTICS ON INTERANNUAL VARIATIONS OF NORTH PACIFIC SST AND ITS RELATION TO EAST ASIA CLIMATE
The interannual variations of the monthly sea surface temperature (SST) in the North Pacific (including Equatorial East Pacific) during 1951-1980 are analysed by means of EOF method. The findings are:(1) In the cold and warm ocean current areas, such as the North Pacific Current, the California Current and the Equatorial East Pacific areas, the convergence speeds are the fastest, while in the Kuroshio and the western part of the North Equatorial Current areas they are fast only in winter.(2) The physical features of the first 3 eigenvectors are obvious. The first eigenvector shows that the SST values are high in the south and low in the north in the latitudinal distribution of the SST field. The warm current area, i.e. the northwestern part of the North Pacific is positive and the cold current area, i.e. the southeastern part of the North Pacific including the Eastern Equatorial Pacific is negative. The zero line of the 2nd eigenvector field runs from northeast to southwest, in the same direction as the 相似文献
90.
The colony-forming Phaeocystis species are causative agents of dense bloom occurrences in coastal waters worldwide. It is difficult to separate them because of the different morphologies associated with their colonial stages. In this study we applied molecular approaches to analyze the genetic variation of Phaeocystis globosa and Phaeocystis pouchetii from several geographic regions, and to assist in tracing the dispersal of bloom-forming Phaeocystis species in coastal waters of China. The sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) of rDNA and the 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene of Phaeocystis strains were determined. Sequence comparison shows that P.globosa was the most divergent to P. pouchetii, exhibiting sequence divergence higher than 0.08. However, lower genetic divergences existed between strains of P.globosa. The sequence comparison of the Phaeocystis rDNA ITS clearly shows that the species isolated from the southeast coast of China is identified as P.globosa rather than P. cf. pouchetii or other species. Furthermore, the significance of rDNA variation in distinct global populations of P.globosa suggested it might have had sufficient time to accumulate detectable mutations at the rDNA locus, supporting the hypothesis of ancient dispersal of P.globosa to many areas, meaning that P.globosa blooms in the coastal waters of China are endemic rather than a newly introduced species or a foreign source. Finally, based on the high divergent region of rDNA ITS, a pair of species-specific primers for P.globosa were designed, they could be useful to detect the presence of this species in mixed plankton assemblages or flagellate stages that are recognized with diffculties by means of conventional microscopy. 相似文献