塔里木盆地克深2气田储层构造裂缝定量预测

塔里木盆地克深2气田是克拉苏构造带继克拉2气田和大北气田又一重点勘探领域,构造裂缝对改善该气田低渗透砂岩储层物性具有重要作用。在构造裂缝基本特征分析的基础上,通过建立力学模型,综合古今构造应力场的数值模拟以及构造裂缝参数定量计算模型,对克深2气田的构造裂缝空间分布规律进行了定量预测,最后综合构造裂缝的岩心描述、成像测井解释以及定量预测结果,总结了构造裂缝的分布规律。结果显示,断层带是构造裂缝的有利发育区,多发育充填程度较高的网状缝;背斜高部位的构造裂缝走向复杂,线密度较低,但开度和孔隙度等物性参数较高且充填程度低,整体发育程度较强,背斜翼部及构造低部位的构造裂缝整体发育程度较低;鞍部构造裂缝可密集发育,但较高的充填程度限制了该部位的天然气产量;垂向上随深度增加,构造裂缝线密度逐渐增大而物性参数逐渐减小,构造裂缝的整体发育程度逐渐降低。构造裂缝参数的定量预测结果与实测结果整体上一致,但受多种因素影响,仍然有一定的误差。     

基于粒子群算法的小波神经网络应用与研究

小波神经网络(WNN)结合了小波良好的时频局域化性质和传统神经网络自学习功能,因而使得小波网络具有较强的逼近和容错能力,并具有良好的收敛性和鲁棒性。然而其网络收敛速度慢、搜索成功率低及易陷入局部极小值等缺点使得传统的小波神经网络难以得到广泛应用。本文介绍一种基于粒子群(PSO)算法的小波神经网络,其通过利用种群间信息共享进行寻优,以获得结构化的神经网络,克服传统小波网络的诸多缺点,取得了良好的效果。     

天然水驱油藏水淹层微观变化特征:以文昌油田珠江组为例

以文昌油田不同开发时期密闭取心井的岩心为例,依据物性、薄片分析、压汞测试等分析化验方法,研究了其珠江组天然水驱油藏不同开发阶段的储层微观变化特征及机理。研究结果表明,储层孔隙度在水淹过程中变化不大,而渗透率在水淹前期以减小为主,水淹中后期以增大为主;水淹后储层泥质含量增加,喉道平均值和微喉道体积都是先减小后增大,退汞效率在前期水淹平均降低30%,水淹中后期约降低8%。储层特征发生变化的主要机理是:储层内颗粒和填隙物在水侵作用下发生溶蚀、破碎和迁移,导致储层非均质性增强,到水淹中后期阶段黏土矿物类型发生明显的变化,部分地层微粒被生产带走,储层内可流动喉道的体积分数增多,导致渗透率变大。因此认为泥质含量、细孔喉堵塞环境及可流通喉道体积的发育程度是影响水淹后储层参数变化的主要因素。      

栉孔扇贝热休克蛋白70（HSP70）基因的BAC-FISH 定位

利用BAC-FISH技术,将包含HSP70基因的BAC克隆定位到栉孔扇贝的一对同源染色体的长臂上.HSP70基因的染色体定位将对深入研究该基因的结构及功能并将其应用于生产实践提供基础支持.同时,本研究是首次对栉孔扇贝低拷贝基因进行染色体定位的实践,其结果将为栉孔扇贝的染色体的深入研究以及染色体鉴别等工作提供必要的参考.     

浅海重力流储层沉积模式新认识

Ｄ气田黄流组一段为浅海陆架背景下的海底扇沉积,沉积微相平面展布复杂,储层具有很强的非均质性。开展沉积机理研究,对于厘清海底扇沉积微相展布、预测砂体展布具有重要意义。通过压实校正恢复古地貌,基于粒度标准偏差开展了水动力分析。随后,在综合分析古物源、古 地 貌、古 水 深、古水动力等特征基础上,明 确 浅海重力流沉积物的搬运作用明显受到坡折带、洼陷、沟谷等地貌的控制,并建立了先成洼陷限制性重力流充填－溢出、斜坡坡折下侵蚀－充填－分流、平缓斜坡非限制性漫流３种浅海海底扇沉积模式。      

Chromosomal localization of 5S rDNA in Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis): a chromosome-specific marker for chromosome identification

Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) is an economically important aquaculture species in China. However, cytogenetic and genomic data is limited in the organism partly because the chromosomes are difficult to isolate and analyze. In this study, fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) was used to identify the chromosomes of F. chinensis. The 5S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) of F. chinensis was isolated, cloned and then used as a hybridization probe. The results show that the 5S rDNA was located on one pair of homologous chromosomes in F. chinensis. In addition, triploid shrimp were used to evaluate the feasibility of chromosome identification using FISH and to validate the method. It was confirmed that 5S rDNA can be used as a chromosome-specific probe for chromosome identification in F. chinensis. The successful application of FISH in F. chinensis shows that chromosome-specific probes can be developed and this finding will facilitate further research on the chromosomes of penaeid shrimps.     

JX—4ADPW在南京市土地利用现状更新调查中的应用

本文介绍了全数字摄影测量工作站ＪＸ－４Ａ在南京市土地利用现状更新调查中作用,使用ＪＸ－４Ａ 制大比例尺地形、地籍图的步骤及施测的精度。     

Cloning and expression patterns of two Smad genes during embryonic development and shell formation of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

Increasing evidence indicates that transforming growth factor β(TGF-P) signaling pathways play many important roles in the early development of mollusks.However,limited information is known concerning their detailed mechanisms.Here,we describe the identification,cloning and characterization of two Smad genes,the key components of TGF-P signaling pathways,from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas.Sequence analysis of the two genes,designated as cgi-smad1/5/8 and cgi-smad4,revealed conserved functional characteristics.The two genes were widely expressed in embryos and larvae,suggesting multiple roles in the early development of C.gigas.The mRNA of the two genes aggregated in the D quadrant and cgi-smad4 was highly expressed on the dorsal side of the gastrula,indicating that TGF-P signaling pathways may be involved in dorsoventral patterning in C.gigas.Furthermore,high expression levels of the two genes in the shell fields of embryos at different stages suggested important roles for TGF-P signaling pathways in particular phases of shell development,including the formation of the initial shell field and the biomineralization of larval shells.The results of this study provide fundamental support for elucidating how TGF-P signaling pathways participate in the early development of bivalve mollusks,and suggest that further work is warranted to this end.     

卫星激光测距仪检测系统(一)

针对卫星激光测距仪的几个关健设备 ,建立了一套检测系统。介绍了该检测系统的方法、原理以及实际应用情况     

渤海 ＣＦ油田古近系湖相碳酸盐岩储层特征

钻井揭示,渤海 ＣＦ油田古近系湖相碳酸盐岩储层具有较强的非均值性。根据岩心、薄片、测井、分析化验、三维地震等各项资料,研究了 ＣＦ油田古近系沙一段湖相碳酸盐岩的岩性、储集空间类型、物性、优质储层发育控制因素及分布特征。研究结果表明:ＣＦ油田沙一段湖相碳酸盐岩以生屑云岩为主,夹生屑灰岩、泥晶球团粒云岩等,纵向上可分为生屑云岩段和云质砾岩段;储集空间以孔隙为主,孔隙类型多为粒间孔、粒间溶孔、粒内孔,微裂缝发育,生屑云岩段多为中－高角度的构造－溶蚀缝,云质砾岩段多见压溶缝和收缩缝,云质砾岩段裂缝较生屑云岩段发育,裂缝被方解石充填严重;储层物性为中低孔低渗,渗透率大小与孔隙结构特征对应明显;优质储层主要为生屑云岩段,沉积作用、构造作用和溶蚀作用是控制储集层物性的关键因素;工区范围内发育断陷湖盆中央台地相,生屑滩、粒屑滩对应的生屑云岩段为优势沉积相带。在综合分析基础上开展的储层分类评价结果表明,古地貌相对高点及古地貌斜坡处为优质储层发育区,预测的优质储层平面厚度分布可以指导油田的高效开发。