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分子标记概述及其在藻类中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
遗传标记经历了形态标记、细胞学标记、蛋白质标记及DNA标记的四个重要发展历程。纵观遗传学的发展历史,遗传学的发展推动了新型遗传标记的发展,每一种新型遗传标记的发现,均推进了遗传理论与技术的发展。19世纪后期,孟德尔以豌豆为材料,利用7对形态学标记对杂种后代的不同个体依据性状表现进行归类分析,发现了著名的遗传分离规律和独立分配规律。细胞学标记是指能明确显示遗传多态性的细胞学特征,如染色体形态、数目和结构在不同物种中的差异等,可以作为一种遗传标记来进行基因定位。20世纪50年代,人们发现同工酶是一种可用于物种起源与… 相似文献
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Grateloupia turuturu is a commercial red alga with potential value in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. To supplement information on its life history and verify whether carpospores can be used for seedling culture, early development of G. turuturu was investigated under culture conditions (27°C, 10-13 mol/(m2.s) in irradiance, photoperiod 10:14 h L:D). Three physiological stages were recognized by continuous microscopic observation: division stage, discoid crust stage, and juvenile seedling stage. At the beginning of the division stage, the carpospores developed germ tubes into which the carpospore protoplasm was evacuated, and then the carpospore protoplasm in the germ tubes began to divide continuously until discoid crusts formed. Finally, upright thalli appeared on the discoid crusts and developed into juvenile seedlings. It took about 60 days for carpospores to develop into juvenile seedlings. The growth parameters, including germination rate for carpospores and discoid crust diameter, were recorded. These results contribute more information on the life cycle, and at the same time are of great significance in the scaling-up of artificial seedling cultures of G. turuturu. 相似文献
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