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基于无结构网格数值模型FVCOM建立了长江口三维盐水输运模型,模型经充分验证后能够合理刻画长江口水动力和盐度输运过程,并成功对2010—2014年多次咸潮倒灌过程进行后报模拟,计算结果与实测吻合较好。以2014-01—02咸潮入侵事件为背景模拟三峡运行后河口规划工程对长江口咸潮入侵和倒灌的影响。结果表明河口规划工程整体上减弱南支咸潮入侵和倒灌,但使口门地区盐度增大,北支下段咸潮上溯稍有增强。规划工程减弱青草沙水库和陈行水库受咸潮入侵的影响,但使东风西沙水库取水口盐度增大,尤其在南支规划工程的作用下盐度最大值和平均值均有所增大,这主要是受扁担沙护滩潜堤的阻流作用影响而使入侵和倒灌的盐水团落潮不畅形成滞留。未来十年随着长江口规划工程的推进、上游水沙条件变异及其引起的地形冲淤变化,需进一步开展系统的咸潮入侵演变和影响研究。 相似文献
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河口区域冲淡水锋面及物质输运会对台风产生快速而复杂的响应,并产生显著的生态效应及沉积过程,且不同类型的台风会对水动力及物质输运产生不同影响。本文以长江河口为研究区域,利用盐度锋面附近的浮标站点观测数据,发现在登陆型超强台风“利奇马”的影响下,旋转流特征消失,站点全水深出现持续近两天的北向流;而在转向型强台风“巴威”的影响下,出现持续约三天的全水深南向流。应用覆盖长江口及邻近海域的有限体积海洋模型（FVCOM）对两次台风过程进行模拟,实验对比台风过境前后流场、盐度场并且计算淡水通量,发现台风过境时通过破坏夏季典型的向海扩张的表层平流型羽流结构,从而促进盐度垂向混合,导致大量淡水堆积在靠岸一侧,加强了沿岸的淡水输运,进而形成底部捕获型羽流。对于登陆型台风“利奇马”的影响,淡水输运主要沿苏北海岸向北,而在转向型台风“巴威”偏北风的影响下,淡水则显著沿岸向浙闽海域流动。这两种台风过后,表层淡水开始向海扩展,垂向盐度分层再一次呈现,在2～3天内完全恢复为表层平流型羽流结构。 相似文献
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Oceanic turbulence plays an important role in coastal flow. However, as the effect of an uneven lower boundary on the adjacent turbulence is still not well understood, we explore the mechanics of nearshore turbulence with a turbulence-resolving numerical model known as a large-eddy-simulation model for an idealized scenario in a coastal region for which the lower boundary is a solid sinusoidal wave. The numerical simulation demonstrates how the mechanical energy of the current is transferred into local turbulence mixing, and shows the changes in turbulent intensity over the continuous phase change of the lower topography. The strongest turbulent kinetic energy is concentrated above the trough of the wavy surface. The turbulence mixing is mainly generated by the shear forces; the magnitude of shear production has a local maximum over the crest of the seabed topography, and there is an asymmetry in the shear production between the leeward and windward slopes. The numerical results are consistent with results from laboratory experiments. Our analysis provides an important insight into the mechanism of turbulent kinetic energy production and development. 相似文献
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