一种经验建模的客观分型方法及其应用

介绍一种应用常规历史天气图资料进行天气学客观分的思路和方法,首先建立某种天气 若干环不充模型,然后确定各模型的判别条件和顺序,由计算机进行自动分型,和到各环流型样本,实现客观分型。此方法于威海市冬季分区降水预报系统 天气分型,卫水模型物理意义明确,识别近前和,系统自动化。指出了天气分型在数值预报产品释用中的重要性及应注意的问题。     

高喜马拉雅的三维挤出模式

作为喜马拉雅造山带变质核的高喜马拉雅杂岩带,是以高级变质岩石、普遍的深熔反应以及高温韧性变形为主要特征的热碰撞造山带.在高喜马拉雅平行造山的韧性伸展构造发现的基础上,建立高喜马拉雅挤出的3-D构造模式,并提出了挤出的动力学过程:(1)造成高喜马拉雅中弱和热物质产生的局部熔融阶段(46～35 Ma),(2)平行造山的韧性伸展和重力裂陷阶段(28～26 Ma开始),(3)韧性逆冲型剪切带形成阶段(＞626～23 Ma),(4) MCT和STD的形成造成的高喜马拉雅挤出阶段(23～17 Ma).     

长江口滨岸湿地沉积物对上覆水体中无机氮的净化能力估算

Estuarine wetlands serve as a natural barrier to remove the land-generated pollut-ants and attenuate the pollutant load from the land to the sea. As one of the most important estuarine wetlands, the Yangtze estuarine wetlands have attracted particular interests in the biogeochemical studies of nutrients. The objectives of this study were to characterize the seasonal and spatial distribution of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) fluxes across the sediment-water interface; to calculate the total DIN fluxes in a year and different seasons; and to evaluate the DIN removing capability of the sediment in the tidal wetlands of the Yangtze Estuary. The spatial distribution of DIN fluxes shows complicated seasonal variations and spatial differences. The annual DIN fluxes range from -22.22 mmol N m-2 h-1 to 19.54 mmolN m-2 h-1, with an average of -1.48±1.34 mmol N m-2 h-1. The tidal wetlands in the Yangtze Estuary behave as a source of water DIN in spring when DIN is released from sediment into overlying water, and the released amount of DIN is 1.33×104 tons of nitrogen (T N). In sum-mer, autumn and winter, the sediment absorbs the DIN from the overlying water, and the absorbed amounts of DIN are 4.36×104 T N, 6.81×104 T N and 2.24×104 T N, respectively. The average amount of DIN in overlying water of the Yangtze Estuary is 52.6×104 T N yr-1, and the perennial average amount of DIN absorbed from the overlying water by the sediment is 12.1×104 T N yr-1. The annual DIN elimination rate of the tidal wetlands was 23.0%.     

巴彦高勒煤矿多相变沉积条件下煤层顶板含水层富水性特征

在区域水文地质条件研究基础上,结合水文地质补充勘探及以往勘探成果进一步研究矿区、矿井及首采区地质条件,着重研究矿井直接充水含水层延安组和直罗组地层的沉积条件、沉积环境、孔隙度、渗透率、顶板水化学特征、覆岩结构特征,评价巴彦高勒矿井多相变沉积条件下顶板含水层富水性特征。结果表明:含水层砂体呈条带状分布,富水性受沉积环境影响分布不均,水量以静储量为主,动态补给有限。研究成果为巴彦高勒矿区顶板水疏放、导水裂缝带发育特征研究等提供依据。     

Extraction of Lithium from Salt Lake Brine using N523-TBP Mixture System

In this work, problems encountered by tri-butyl phosphate (TBP) in the industrialization of lithium extraction from salt lake brine were discussed in detail. The lithium extraction behavior of N, N-bi-(2-ethylhexyl) acetamide (N523) was investigated, and its defect was analyzed in the view of practical application. The N523-TBP mixture extraction system was proposed to alleviate or avoid the defects that N523 and TBP met when they were used severally. The composition of this mixture extraction system was determined as 20%N523-30%TBP-50% kerosene. The effects of brine acidity, Fe/Li molarity ratio, phase ratio and chloride ion concentration on lithium extraction efficiency were discussed respectively. The operation conditions in single stage extraction were optimized as brine acidity=0.05 mol/L, Fe/Li molarity ratio=1.3 and phase ratio=2. The high concentration of chloride ion in brine was benefit for extraction of lithium. The structure of extracted complex was proposed as (LiFeCl4·nN523·mTBP)·(2-n)N523·(2-m)TBP (m+n=2) by chemical analysis and slope fitting methods. The extraction thermodynamic functions were calculated preliminarily, and the results suggested that the extraction process was an exothermic (ΔH<0) and spontaneous (ΔG<0) reaction, and the degree of disorder increased (ΔS>0) during the extraction process. This work will give some guidance to the lithium industry of Qinghai in both fundamental theory and practical application.     

利用高铁砂岩质煤矸石制备瓷质砖的研究

以湖北黄石高铁砂岩质煤矸石为主要原料，进行了制备瓷质砖的实验研究，并对不同配方、不同烧成温度瓷坯的吸水率、断裂模数等进行了测试分析。各项性能指标的综合分析表明，产品的吸水率低于0．3％，断裂模数高于35MPa，符合国家有关质量标准，颜色呈浅红-暗红-紫砂系列，其中煤矸石最高配比可达80％。     

变埋深条件下饱和土爆炸能量耦合系数的试验研究

通过在? 2.5 m×5 m模拟爆炸装置中进行了饱和土爆炸试验。利用自由场试验研究了饱和土在不同埋设深度条件下的爆炸问题,得到了相应的爆炸破坏效应的宏观特征和压力实测波形,并对测试结果进行了分析,得到了饱和土中爆炸波传播规律,并通过试验得到耦合系数的试验数据,绘制了耦合系数曲线。实验结果表明,对于封闭爆炸最小比例埋深为2.62 m/kg1/3,当比例埋深大于2.62 m/kg1/3时,峰值压力与动量受比例埋深的影响不大,此时爆炸能量基本被封闭在饱和土中。     

水滑石类化合物研究及其在聚丙烯阻燃剂中的应用进展

水滑石类化合物是一种重要的无机材料,因其特殊的晶体化学性质,有良好的热稳定性、阻燃性和离子交换性,广泛应用于化工、材料、环保和医药等领域。综述了水滑石类化合物的结构、性质、制备方法及其优缺点,介绍了水滑石在聚丙烯(PP)阻燃剂中的应用进展,以及水滑石作为PP阻燃剂的优异性能,并指出了今后的发展方向。     

峰峰梧桐庄矿充水因素分析

梧桐庄煤矿2001年投产，年产量约150万t。目前矿井平均排水量为540m^3／h，且矿井水的矿化度超过5．0g／L。通过对梧桐庄矿水文地质条件、水质特征等因素的分析，认为梧桐庄矿开采2号煤层的矿井充水因素为奥灰水，充水通道主要为陷落柱及导水裂隙，为矿井防治水提供了参考依据。