A numerical study on water diversion ratio of the Changjiang (Yangtze) estuary in dry season

We studied the flood, ebb and tidal averaged along (net) water diversion ratio (WDR) during dry season in the Changjiang (Yangtze) estuary, China, along with the effects of northerly wind, river discharge, tide and their interactions on WDR using the improved version of three-dimensional numerical model ECOM. Using data for annual mean wind speed and river discharge during January, we determined that the flood, ebb, net WDR values in the North Branch of the estuary were 3.48%, 1.68%, −4.06% during spring tide, and 4.82%, 2.34%, −2.79% during neap tide, respectively. Negative net WDR values denote the transport of water from the North Branch into the South Branch. Using the same data, the corresponding ratios were 50.09%, 50.92%, 54.97%, and 52.33%, 50.15%, 43.86% in the North Channel and 38.56%, 44.78%, 103.96%, and 36.92%, 43.17%, 60.97% in the North Passage, respectively. When northerly wind speed increased, landward Ekman transport was enhanced in the North Branch, increasing the flood WDR, while the ebb WDR declined and the net WDR exhibited a significant decrease. Similarly, in the North Channel, the flood WDR is increased, the ebb WDR reduced, and the net WDR showed a marked decrease. In the North Passage, the flood WDR also increased while the ebb and net WDR declined. As the river discharge increased, the flood and ebb WDR of the North Branch increased slightly and the net WDR increased markedly. In the North Channel the flood and ebb WDR changed very slightly, while the net WDR declined during spring tides and increased during neap tides. The WDR in the North Passage changed slightly during flood and ebb tides while the net WDR showed a marked increase. The WDR values of different bifurcations and the responses to northerly wind, river discharge, and tide are discussed in comparison with variations in river topography, horizontal wind-induced circulation, and tidal-induced residual current.     

源上和源外斜坡区断砂组合输导油气特征差异性研究：以松辽和渤海湾盆地为例

为了研究富油气凹陷源上和源外斜坡区油气分布特征、明确分布规律,以源上和源外斜坡区油气成藏模式及运移通道研究为基础,通过对松辽和渤海湾盆地源上和源外斜坡区油气分布与断砂组合输导模式之间关系的实例分析,对源上和源外斜坡区断砂组合输导油气的差异特征进行了研究,结果表明：源上和源外斜坡区断砂组合输导油气特征差异性主要表现在以下3个方面：(1)断砂组合输导油气方向的差异性,源上区断砂组合输导油气方向为先垂向后侧向,以垂向为主;而源外斜坡区断砂组合输导油气方向为侧向,断裂仅起侧接作用。(2)断砂组合输导油气剖面形式的差异性,源上区断砂组合输导油气剖面形式主要有牙刷状和树枝状2种;而源外斜坡区断砂组合输导油气剖面形式主要有同层阶梯状和跨层阶梯状2种。(3)断砂组合输导油气平面形式的差异性,源上区断砂组合输导油气平面形式为始于断裂的线状;源外斜坡区断砂组合输导油气平面形式为穿过断裂的线状。     

黔西北麻乍地区沉积型稀土矿稀土元素赋存状态研究

黔西北地区宣威组底部普遍发育沉积型稀土矿,其品位高,厚度大,呈层状分布,发育稳定,且伴生铌、钪、钛等金属矿产,具有巨大的找矿潜力。针对该沉积型稀土的研究,多针对其成矿规律和成矿机制,极少涉及稀土元素的赋存状态。本文以黔西北威宁县麻乍地区沉积型稀土矿为研究对象,采用XRF分析、ICP-MS分析、X射线衍射分析,扫描电镜和能谱分析、电子探针分析、物相分析等手段,研究了元素组成、矿物组成及稀土元素的赋存状态。研究表明,稀土矿石主要由Al、Si、Fe、K、Ti组成,其稀土总量(REO)为1064×10^-6～14106×10^-6,呈轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损的特征;矿石中矿物可分为硅酸盐矿物(主要为高岭石、伊利石)、金属氧化矿物(主要为褐铁矿、锐钛矿、金红石等)、碳酸盐矿物以及稀土矿物。稀土元素以纳米级独立矿物形态存在,根据其成分推测为磷铝铈矿、方铈矿,同时稀土元素也可能以类质同象赋存于黏土矿物中,离子吸附态很少。     

独山县"7.16"暴雨天气系统发展分析

利用天气学原理与物理量诊断分析方法,分析2006年7月16日发生在独山县境内的一次大暴雨天气过程,认为此次暴雨天气过程是由于台风减弱形成的热带低压外围和随西南风急流北上的孟加拉湾水汽交汇,从而激发强大的中小尺度天气系统产生的。低层辐合,高层辐散,充足的水汽和对流不稳定为本次过程提供了有利条件。     

基于FVCOM模型的珠江河口及其邻近海域的潮汐模拟

基于FVCOM模型,将珠江河网、河口和口外海区作为整体,建立完全三维数值模式,对珠江河口及其邻近海域的潮汐进行数值模拟.采用23个潮位站的潮汐表水位资料对模式进行验证,结果表明模式能比较准确地重现珠江河口的潮汐变化过程.通过对计算结果进行潮汐调和分析,给出了珠江河口区域及近岸海域8个主要分潮的同潮图,讨论了潮波的传播特征.珠江河口潮汐属于混合潮类型,潮型系数介于0.8—1.5.浅水分潮成分很小,最大振幅不超过5cm.对珠江河口的潮差进行统计,给出了珠江河口大潮和小潮期间的潮差大小及分布,大潮时潮差介于2.2—3.1m,小潮时减小到0.6—1.1m.     

贵阳市汛期短时强降水时空分布特征

利用加密自动气象观测站和国家气象观测站逐小时观测资料,分析了贵阳市2014-2019年汛期（4-9月）短时强降水时空分布特征。结果表明：贵阳市汛期短时降水呈现中部多,南北少的空间分布特征,大值中心位于清镇市中南部-观山湖区-白云区一带,该区域也是降水量最多,短时强降水贡献最大的区域。贵阳市汛期短时强降水集中在5-8月,其中6月最多,7月次之;一天中相对高值时段为23-03时、7-8时和20-21时,不同月份短时强降水频次日变化存在差异;持续时间≥3h的短时强降水过程集中在清镇市中南部-观山湖区-白云区-乌当区西部一带,次高频区域集中在花溪区中南部及修文县南部;根据影响系统不同,将区域≥20%的短时强降水分为4类,其中低涡切变型最多,占50.9%,冷锋低槽型占35.9%,梅雨锋型占9.4%,两高切变型占3.8%。     

基于GMS的秦王川盆地三维地质模型构建

城市地下空间的合理开发利用有助于改善城市环境,建设宜居型城市,提高城市的综合承载能力,其意义十分重大。三维地质建模是目前最常用的直观反映地表以下地质条件的技术方法,在地下空间开发利用规划过程中被广泛应用。秦王川盆地是第5个国家级新区\