鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长9砂体的垂向结构及主控因素分析

近年来随着对鄂尔多斯盆地油气地质条件的重新认识,在上三叠统延长组下部的长9油层组中获得了新发现、新突破,该油层组成为油气勘探重要的战略接替层系。通过露头剖面、钻井、岩芯、测井及分析化验等资料的综合研究,结合沉积古地理背景分析,以沉积特征和指相标志的识别为依据,认为盆地内长9砂体的成因类型主要包括三角洲环境与牵引流作用有关的陆上与水下的分流河道、天然堤、决口扇、三角洲前缘的河口坝、远砂坝、席状砂等砂体,滨浅湖环境与湖浪和湖流改造作用有关的砂质滩坝、席状砂等砂体。根据岩芯剖面精细描述及沉积微相分析,结合测井曲线解释,指出长9单砂体主要发育B、C、I、F、D五种基本垂向结构类型,多层砂体的垂向叠加样式复杂多变,常见的有BB、CC、CB、II、CI、BC、BI、FF等类型。砂体垂向结构的主控因素分析表明,沉积环境、沉积相以及基准面升降旋回是控制单砂体垂向结构、多层砂体垂向叠加样式及分布的主要地质因素。     

梨树断陷八屋气田构造沉积响应分析

八屋断裂由一系列近南北向的断层组成,西断块营城组构造复杂、断裂发育,储层纵向上层数多,分布分散,非均质性强,断层对地层沉积、油气藏分布的关系更加复杂。文中以建立营城组地层32个标志层为基础进行精细地层对比,地层对比结果显示地层沉积缺失,据此分析断层的活动性,并进一步分析断层对地层的控制作用,为深化气藏描述、气田高效开发提供依据。     

地铁超长水平冻结法冻结壁形成特性研究

根据带相变瞬态温度场的传热控制微分方程,应用数值方法分析了地铁超长水平冻结法温度场分布规律,模拟冻结壁形成过程.应用准三维方法将三维问题转化为二维问题,通过对冻结管沿程水平方向盐水温度分布的计算,分析水平方向冻结壁发展的差异性规律.结果表明:对于地铁超长水平冻结法施工,冻结管沿程冻结壁发展存在较大差异,包括冻结壁交圈时间、冻结速率,冻结壁厚度等.为以后水平冻结法施工冻结壁形成过程的预测与评价提供了方法,同时该方法也可以用于竖井冻结施工中冻结壁形成的分析和研究.     

地电场观测中系统干扰分析

利用吉林省6个地电场台站的数据,对地电场观测中的观测系统干扰进行分析,以期对地电场台站观测人员的日常观测有所帮助,有助于地震地电场异常的识别判定。     

遥感蚀变信息在内蒙北山地区戈壁荒漠找矿中的应用——内蒙古北山二龙包地区为例

通过对内蒙二龙包地区开展的1∶5万《二龙包》等四幅矿调范围内遥感影像处理,提取硅化等蚀变信息异常,划分了9个遥感预测找矿靶区（带）,结合地、物、化资料,在该区新发现了多处矿化点,尤其对望旭山钨矿的发现具有重要指导意义。     

水母(沙海蜇)降解与营养盐(氮、磷)释放的模拟与实证

The aim of this study was to investigate nitrogen and phosphorus released in the process of the decomposition of giant jellyfish in the laboratory and found the evidence to verify the influence of nutrients released by the decomposition of jellyfish on the ecosystem in the field. The release of nitrogen and phosphorus from the decomposition of Nemopilema nomurai was examined in a series of experiments under different incubation conditions such as different p H values, salinity values, temperatures and nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations. The results showed that the complete decomposition of Nemopilema nomurai generally took about 4–8 d. The release of nitrogen and phosphorus from the decomposition of Nemopilema nomurai could be divided into two stages: the early stage and the later stage, although the efflux rate of nitrogen was one order more than phosphorus. In the early stage of the decomposition of Nemopilema nomurai, the concentrations of dissolved nitrogen, dissolved phosphorus, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in seawater increased rapidly, and the concentration of nitrogen could reach the highest level in the whole degradation process. In the later stage of the decomposition, the concentrations of dissolved nitrogen and total nitrogen declined slowly, while the concentration of phosphorus in water could reach a maximum in the degradation process. High p H, low salinity,high temperature and N/P will promote the release of nitrogen; low p H is unfavorable to the release of nitrogen but favorable to the release of phosphorus. In addition, we found the concentrations of ammonium and phosphate in the bottom water were higher than those in the surface water during the period of jellyfish bloom in the Jiaozhou Bay, proving that nutrients released by the decomposition of jellyfish have significant influence on nitrogen and phosphorus in the field. For the whole Yellow Sea, nutrients released by jellyfish carcasses may reach up to(2.63±2.98)×107 mol/d of dissolved nitrogen(DN) and(0.74±0.84)×106 mol/d of dissolved phosphorus(DP) during the period of jellyfish bloom. The values are comparable to riverine inputs in a day, but much higher than sediment–water exchange flux in the Yellow Sea. The great amounts of nutrients must have significant influence on the nutrients balance of the Yellow Sea during the period of jellyfish dead and decomposition. Both the experimental data and field observations proved that the decomposition of jellyfish may release a great amount of nutrient to the surrounding environment during the period of jellyfish decomposition.     

我国华东地区月尺度气候动力预测的研究:(Ⅱ) 嵌套模式的回报评估

采用数值模式方法对我国华东地区进行月尺度短期气候预测。预测框架由改进的低分辨率全球环流模式T63 L9嵌套并入了水文模型VXM的区域气候模式RegCM3构成,根据嵌套气候模式的积分结果,经剔除系统误差后制作短期气候预报。本文利用国家气候中心的评分方法对2003、2004两年的降水和地表气温回报结果作了评估;还将本系统的预报结果与CMAP降水资料、NMC温度资料及全国160站的观测资料进行了对比。结果表明,该系统可以比较稳定地对我国华东地区的降水和温度进行月尺度预测。     

松辽盆地科学钻探工程松科二井东孔上白垩统地球物理测井科学成果

松辽盆地科学钻探工程是围绕地球深部资源、古环境与古气候等一系列重要地球科学问题而实施的重大科学工程。作为该工程的主体钻孔, 松科二井东孔设计为松辽盆地最深钻孔, 设计深度6 400.0 m, 计划穿透白垩系地层、钻至盆地基底。由于上白垩统井段取心量非常少, 因此地球物理测井的作用尤为重要。该孔正式开钻后, 采用先进的成像测井设备对一开和二开钻井井段(上白垩统井段)先后实施4次裸眼井综合测井和套管井测井作业, 并系统地开展测井综合评价, 取得以下科学成果: (1)原位获取了常规测井、特殊测井和固井质量检查测井资料共20种, 资料丰富、质量优良, 建立了上白垩统连续的岩石物理参数标准剖面; (2)完成了上白垩统地层划分、岩性识别、沉积和构造精细解释; (3)识别出泉头组油气储层、嫩江组和青山口组烃源岩层、嫩江组高放射性异常层, 以及上白垩统地热开发潜力层; (4)探索了青山口组古气候分析的有利测井指标; (5)及时提供准确的井径、钻孔轨迹和固井质量等关键钻探工程信息。研究成果对于松辽盆地地球物理勘探科学“标尺”建立、古环境与古气候研究、钻探工程施工起到至关重要的作用, 为整个钻探工程科学目标的实现奠定良好基础。     

无人机机载LiDAR技术在抽水蓄能电站库区岩溶识别中的应用

西南岩溶山区,植被茂密,地形陡峻,传统地面岩溶调查手段效率低且危险性高。本文采用机载LiDAR技术,获取四川某抽水蓄能电站库区激光点云和光学影像数据,结合室内解译和野外复核,开展区域岩溶识别工作。查明了库区内岩溶发育分布情况,根据岩溶形态划分为岩溶漏斗、岩溶洼地及落水洞3类。基于已有资料和LiDAR数据成果提取库区高程、坡度、坡向、构造、岩性及汇水区因子,并分析了岩溶发育的分布规律。结果表明,无人机机载LiDAR技术可精准快速识别抽水蓄能电站库区岩溶分布特征,为水电站前期勘察设计提供了新的技术手段。