相机检校中标志点的自动提取

本文针对相机检校中,手工选择标志点速度慢、强度大的缺点,提出了基于边缘提取和形状系数多级约束的方法。首先对图像进行Wallis滤波,并对滤波后的图像采用Canny算子进行边缘提取;然后在八邻域跟踪的基础上,根据边缘长度、边缘首末端点距离、形状系数和光谱信息检测符合条件的标志点边缘。通过实验验证,该方法可提取出92%左右的标志点。     

登封大平煤矿挤压外推滑移构造及其成因探讨

本文根据对登封大平矿井内外大量构造形迹的描述,通过对其形成机理,相关因素的探讨剖析,提出了“挤压外推滑移构造”的新认识。在总结其主要特点的基础上、与“重力滑动构造”进行了分析比较,并就其对煤层赋存的控制作用指明了研究方向。     

辽河三角洲不同干湿气候区参考蒸散发敏感因子时空变化

根据辽河三角洲19个气象台站1961~2010年气象观测资料,采用Penman-Monteith参考蒸散发计算方法,分析辽河三角洲半湿润区、半干旱区以及滨海干湿过渡区3个气候亚区参考蒸散发对平均气温、风速、相对湿度和太阳辐射的敏感性及其时空分异。结果表明:在半干旱区,敏感系数由大到小依次是相对湿度、风速、太阳辐射和平均气温;在半湿润区和滨海干湿过渡区,敏感系数由大到小依次是相对湿度、太阳辐射、平均气温和风速。不同气候亚区参考蒸散发对气象因子的敏感系数具有较大的差异和变化趋势。     

多变量温度系统的变结构控制

研究变结构解耦控制及其在多变量系统中的应用。变结构系统的滑动模态对参数的摄动和外来干扰是自适应的；各耦合回路可被认为是在一定条件下的外部干扰。对一个三路耦合温度控制系统的仿真实验给出了令人满意的结果。     

三江源地区1961-2010年降水时空变化(英文)

Based on a monthly dataset of precipitation time series (1961-2010) from 12 meteorological stations across the Three-River Headwater Region (THRHR) of Qinghai Province, China, the spatio-temporal variation and abrupt change analysis of precipitation were examined by using moving average, linear regression, spline interpolation, the Mann-Kendall test and so on. Major conclusions were as follows. (1) The long-term annual and seasonal precipitation in the study area indicated an increasing trend with some oscillations during 1961-2010; however, the summer precipitation in the Lantsang (Lancang) River Headwater Region (LARHR), and the autumn precipitation in the Yangtze River Headwater Region (YERHR) of the THRHR decreased in the same period. (2) The amount of annual precipitation in the THRHR and its three sub-headwater regions was greater in the 1980s and 2000s. The springs were fairly wet after the 1970s, while the summers were relatively wet in the 1960s, 1980s and 2000s. In addition, the amount of precipitation in the autumn was greater in the 1970s and 1980s, but it was relatively less for the winter precipitation, except in the 1990s. (3) The normal values of spring, summer, winter and annual precipitation in the THRHR and its three sub-headwater regions all increased, but the normal value of summer precipitation in the LARHR had a negative trend and the normal value of winter precipitation declined in general. (4) The spring and winter precipitation increased in most of the THRHR. The summer, autumn and annual precipitation increased mainly in the marginal area of the west and north and decreased in the regions of Yushu, Zaduo, Jiuzhi and Banma. (5) The spring and winter precipitation in the THRHR and its three sub-headwater regions showed an abrupt change, except for the spring precipitation in the YARHR. The abrupt changes of spring precipitation were mainly in the late 1980s and early 1990s, while the abrupt changes of winter precipitation were primary in the mid-to late 1970s. This research would be helpful for further understanding the trends and periodicity of precipitation and for watershed-based water resource management in the THRHR.     

广东沿海地区风暴潮易损性评估

从系统学角度出发,对广东省沿海地区(阳江-汕尾岸段)风暴潮灾害易损性因子进行综合分析,提出从社会经济、土地利用、生态环境、滨海构造物和承灾能力5个方面对风暴潮承灾体进行易损性评估,建立广东省沿海地区风暴潮易损性评价指标体系.依托国际通用的海岸易损性评估模式并对其进行改进,建立与广东省沿海地区相适应的风暴潮易损性评价模型...     

不同流路时期黄河三角洲沿岸余流场的数值对比研究——以北岸钓口河和东岸清水沟流路初期为例

黄河入海流路改道变迁频繁,有关不同流路时期沿岸余流场变化的认识将为理解入海泥沙输送特征的变动和沿岸泥沙动态提供重要的水动力基础,通过数值对比实验,以分处黄河三角洲北、东两岸的钓口和清水沟流路为例,对比研究了两个流路基本稳定后的初期黄河三角洲沿岸余流场结构及其流速的变化.结果表明,虽然两个不同流路时期沿岸流系的总体趋势存...     

自然地理格局对区域发展时空分异影响的评价方法

采用以偏确定性系数来表征自然地理本底条件及其空间分布格局(亦即自然地理格局)对区域发展时空分异的"边际贡献率",初步构建了一种定量分析自然地理格局对区域发展时空分异影响的评价方法,阐述了建立这种方法所要解决的关键科学问题,以及实现这一方法的具体步骤,并以我国近50年来GDP总量、人均GDP、第一产业产值和第二产业产值的时空分布为研究对象,初步分析自然地理格局对我国区域发展时空分异的影响。实证研究表明,"边际贡献率"能够定量表征自然地理格局对区域发展时空分异的影响程度及其变化,可以作为评价自然地理格局对区域发展时空分异影响的有效工具,量化与反演区域发展时空分异的驱动机制。