IMPACT OF STARVATION ON SURVIVAL，MEAT CONDITION AND METABOLISM OF CHLAMYS FARRERI

The effects of 60-day starvation on survival rate. condition index (CI) , changes ofnutrient composition of different tissues, respiration and excretion of scallop ChlartnCs farreri were studiedin laboratory from Oct. 17 to Dec. 15 ,1997. Two groups (control and starvation with 200 individualseach) were cultured in two 2 m3 tanks, with 31 to 32 salinity water at 1 7 “C . Starvation effects were mea-sured alter 1 0, 20, 40 and 60 days. There was no mass mortality of scallops cf the two tanks and survivalrates of the control and starvation groups were 93 .5 % and 92.0 %, respectively. Starvation had strongeffect on the meat condition of the scallops, especially after 10 days; when relative lipid percentagedropped sharply while relative protein percentage increased. The impact of starvation on the oxygen consumption mtc (OCR) and the ammonia-N cxcretion mtc (AER) was obvious.     

海湾扇贝与海带轮养试验报告

我们于1984年秋至1986年春在胶州湾西部进行了两次海湾扇贝与海带轮养试验;利用同一组养殖筏,夏秋养殖海湾扇贝,冬春养殖海带。1985年平均亩产海带1000kg及海湾扇贝2700kg,盈利3732.6元;1986年平均亩产海带1400kg及海湾扇贝3300kg,盈利4850.7元。轮养能降低养殖成本,从而使胶州湾的海带养殖变亏为盈。     

INTRODUCTION, SPAT REARING AND EXPERIMENTAL CULTURE OF BAY SCALLOP, ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS LAMARCK

Bay scallops were introduced from the east coast of the U.S. into China to shorten the economic turn-over from 2 to 1 year. Parent scallops were carried to Qingdao on Dec. 20. 1982 and stocked in indoor tanks at controlled temperature and fed with a mixture of Phaeodictylum tricomutum, Pyrarnmonas sp. and Chhrella sp. They spawned on Jan. 26 of the next year. The larvae were reared at a temperature of 18 -21℃ and fed with Isochrysis galbana, Pyramimonas sp. and Chorella sp. In 4 weeks' growing, the spats averaged 827um. They attained a height of 6.9 mm on May 9. In the middle of May, the seed scallops were transferred to Luoyuan Bay in Fujian Province, and Jiaozhou Bay, as well as the area off Taiping Jiao Cape, Qingdao, Shandong Province for experimental culture in plastic netcages suspended on a single line raft.Bay scallops cultured in . Luoyuan Bay grew to an averaged shell height of 10.4 mm. In Jiaozhou Bay and the Taiping Jiao Cape culture area, they grew to SO mm in average shell height (marketa     

春季繁殖期两茬贻贝苗的培育

七十年代以来,我国贻贝养殖如雨后春笋,蓬勃发展,针对苗源供应不足的情况,有关单位相继开展了开发自然苗场及人工育苗的研究。为了充分发挥育苗设施的作用,当前贻贝人工育苗一般是从三方面进行研究的:(1)提高单位育苗水体的产量;(2)增大海上养育幼苗的保苗效果;(3)争取一年培育多茬苗。对于培育多茬苗,过去我们已成功地培     

海湾扇贝幼虫变态过程中体内神经递质含量的变化

采用生化方法测定了不同发育阶段及人工诱导后海湾扇贝 (Argopectenirradians)幼虫体内去甲肾上腺素 (NE)、多巴胺 (DA)和 5 羟色胺 ( 5 HT)含量的变化。结果表明 ,海湾扇贝幼虫体内去甲肾上腺素含量在变态前后没有明显变化 ,变态前为 2 35 2pg/mg湿重 ,变态后为2 770pg/mg湿重。多巴胺和 5 羟色胺含量在变态前 (第 1 3天 )急剧增加 ,比第 1 2天的幼虫分别增加了 2 .8倍和 4.7倍 ,变态后急剧下降 ,变态后幼苗比第 1 3天的幼虫分别降低了 2 5 .1倍和 1 6.4倍。海湾扇贝幼虫体内DA∶NE比值和 5 HT∶NE比值在变态前后变化剧烈。DA∶NE比值和 5 HT∶NE比值在变态前 (第 1 3天 )急剧增加 ,比第 1 2天的幼虫增加了 3.0倍 (DA∶NE)和 5 .0倍 ( 5 HT∶NE) ;变态后急剧降低 ,变态后幼苗比第 1 3天的幼虫降低了 2 9.8倍 (DA∶NE)和 1 9.5倍 ( 5 HT∶NE)。海湾扇贝幼虫经氯化钾和氯化钙诱导 2 4h后 ,体内去甲肾上腺素、多巴胺和 5 羟色胺以及DA∶NE比值和 5 HT∶NE比值均有所降低。本实验的结果表明 ,多巴胺和 5 羟色胺可能启动了海湾扇贝幼虫的变态过程。     

关于扇贝增养殖的几个问题

扇贝是海产双壳类软体动物。闭壳肌只一个,特别肥大、细嫩、鲜美,其干制品称“干贝”,为有名海珍品。扇贝提取液据报道有抗癌疗效。近年来,沿海国家十分重视扇贝生产,产量迅速提高。1964年世界总产量为15万吨,1974年增至23万吨,1976年和1977年分别为35.2万吨和40万吨,1978年达42万吨。主要生产国为美国、日本和加拿大等。 为了发展扇贝养殖,国家水产总局于1982年4月召开了海珍品增养殖座谈会,总结交流     

灰化法磷测定中不同灰化助剂的效果比较——以磷酸氢二钠作为磷标样

对Na 2HPO4加入不同灰化助剂经不同温度（150～550℃）灼烧后磷的回收率进行了研究。所研究的灰化助剂除文献中已深入研究过的MgSO4和Mg(No3)2外，还对MgCl2等十余种盐剂进行了实验。作者认为，在利用目前已被广泛应用的由Solбrzano和Sharp 1980年所提出的方法去分析海水中的颗粒磷和总磷或有机体中的磷时，应当用MgCl2或Mg(Ac）2作为灰化助剂而取代MgSO4。尽管Mg(NO3)2也是高效的灰化辅助剂，但其应用的危险性及更多的手工操作可能限制了其广泛应用。     

雄性四倍体与雌性二倍体杂交培育全三倍体长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)的研究

将美国雄性四倍体长牡蛎与中国北方海区雌性二倍体长牡蛎杂交 ,进行全三倍体长牡蛎培育研究。结果表明 ,四倍体与二倍体杂交的受精率为 47.4%─ 88.9% ,平均为 69.5 % ;来自同样雌贝的二倍体对照组的受精率平均为 91 .4%。杂交组和对照组面盘幼虫的平均孵化率分别为 5 3.9%和 61 .6% ;受精卵发育至稚贝的存活率 ,杂交组和对照组分别为 1 .3%和1 .9%。杂交组累计培育出眼点幼虫 8.32 4亿 ,稚贝 1 .843亿。杂交组幼虫的生长略快于对照组 ,但无显著差异。经流式细胞仪分析 ,杂交组的幼虫、稚贝、幼贝等均为 1 0 0 %三倍体。中国北方海区的长牡蛎可以与美国的雄性四倍体长牡蛎实现良好的杂交 ,产生 1 0 0 %三倍体。利用长牡蛎四倍体培育三倍体 ,方法简便高效 ,显示出四倍体在贝类三倍体商业生产中的巨大应用价值。     

EFFECTS OF REDUCED SALINITY ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND AMMONIA-N EXCRETION OF CHLAMYS FARRERI

INTRODUCTIONRespirationandexcretionaretwoimportantaspectsofbioenergetics.Themetabolicrateofbi valvesisinfluencedbyanumberofvariables,includingtemperature ,bodysize,oxygentension ,foodconcentration ,reproductivestate ,activitylevelandphysiologicalcondition .Theimpactsoftemperatureontherespirationandexcretionofscallopshadalreadybeenreportedindetail (BayneandNewell,1 983 ;MacDonald ,1 988;MackayandShumway,1 980 ;Shumway ,1 991 ;Yangetal.,1 998) ,whiletheeffectsofsalinityontherespirationan…     

胶州湾贻贝的繁殖期

胶州湾为我国北方沿岸较大的内湾,面积辽阔,风浪较小,近岸毗连青岛市区,水质肥沃,底质多为泥沙,适于筏式养殖。湾内除原已广泛养殖海带外,1971—1972年胶南县沿湾有关公社及青岛第二海水养殖场等单位开始移苗养殖贻贝,效果良好,养殖范围逐年有所扩大。 随着贻贝养殖数量不断增多,海中设置的海带及贻贝养殖浮筏上都发现有贻贝苗附着。开始数量虽然较少,但有连年增多的良好趋势。考虑到该湾贻贝苗源发展的前景——