基于Sentinel-3载荷OLCI和SRAL数据的内波同步探测研究

The ocean and land color instrument(OLCI) and synthetic aperture radar altimeter(SRAL) installed aboard the Sentinel-3 satellite have been in orbit for operational uses. In this study, data collected from Sentinel-3 are used to investigate internal waves in the South China Sea. An internal wave is detected using an OLCI image with a resolution of 300 m, and an analysis was performed with a quasi-synchronous moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS) image. The opposite characteristics of OLCI and MODIS images of the same internal wave are explained by the critical angle in brightness reversals. The unique observational geometry of the OLCI image and its influence on observations of internal waves are discussed. The distribution of σ0 and sea surface height anomalies(SSHAs) induced by internal waves are studied using SRAL records. The σ0 records of SRAL occasionally show less sensitivity to the modulation of internal waves, which may be attributed to the observational geometry, while SSHAs show obvious variations. The synchronous pairing of OLCI images and SRAL records are analyzed to extract the three-dimensional sea surface signatures induced by internal waves. The analysis demonstrates that the profile of SSHAs in the surface shows an opposite phase to the profiles of internal waves in the ocean. The opposite phase relationship, observed in the remote sensing view, is also confirmed with a laboratory experiment.     

高分辨率SAR影像在海岛监视监测中的应用

高分辨率合成孔径雷达(SAR)是先进的成像微波遥感器,可全天候和全天时工作,在海岛监视监测中发挥特殊作用。文章概述高分辨率SAR的成像原理和国际应用进展,通过介绍海岛礁在高分辨率SAR影像上的表现,直观展示高分辨率SAR在小海岛识别和海岛开发工程监视监测等方面的应用,尤其提出利用SAR影像特征区分小海岛和船只的方法,同时提出将高分辨率SAR影像与中分辨率光学影像相结合的应用建议,助力我国海岛保护管理和监视监测工作。     

基于光学遥感MODIS的安达曼海内波时空分布与传播特性研究

This paper describes investigations of the internal waves in the Andaman Sea using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) imagery over the period of June 2010 to May 2016. Results of the spatial and temporal distribution, generation sources and propagation characteristics of internal waves are presented. The statistical analysis shows that internal waves can be observed in almost the entire area of the Andaman Sea. Most internal waves are observed in the northern, central and southern regions of the Andaman Sea. A significant number of internal waves between 7°N and 9°N in the East Indian Ocean are also observed. Internal waves can be observed year-round in the Andaman Sea, while most of internal waves are observed between February and April, with a maximum frequency of 15.03% in March. The seasonal distribution of the internal waves shows that the internal waves have mostly been observed in the dry season(February to April), and fewer internal waves are observed in the rainy season(May to October). The double peak distribution for the occurrence frequency of internal waves is found. With respect to the lunar influence, more internal waves are observed after the spring tide, which implies the spring tide may play an important role in internal wave generation in the Andaman Sea. Generation sources of internal waves are explored based on the propagation characteristics of internal waves. The results indicate that six sources are located between the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands, and one is located in the northern Andaman Sea. Four regions with active internal wave phenomenon in the Andaman Sea were presented during the MODIS survey, and the propagation speed of internal waves calculated based on the semidiurnal generation period is smaller than the results acquired from pairs of the images with short time intervals.     

基于Argo的SMAP与SMOS盐度产品质量评估与比对

以2016年SMAP 8日均、月均海表盐度(Sea Surface Salinity, SSS)产品与SMOS日均、月均SSS产品为研究对象,基于Argo浮标实测盐度数据与Argo月均盐度网格产品,进行了质量评估,并开展了SMAP和SMOS盐度遥感产品间的交叉比对。结果表明:SMAP 8日均、月均SSS产品均比SMOS日均、月均SSS产品更接近于Argo盐度数据;SMAP SSS产品在12个月里的标准差均小于SMOS SSS产品,SMAP SSS产品年均偏差与标准差在大部分海域小于SMOS SSS产品,除高纬度地区,4种SSS产品与Argo数据的平均偏差和标准差随纬度变化浮动不大;SMAP 8日均、月均与SMOS日均、月均产品的年平均SSS空间分布特征一致,SMAP 8日均与SMOS日均、SMAP与SMOS月均SSS产品间的年平均偏差在全球范围内总体在-0.50～0.50,标准差总体为0～1.00。     

VIIRS与MODIS海表面温度产品观测能力对比分析

以2015—2016年白天和夜间的VIIRS,MODIS-Terra和MODIS-Aqua三个红外SST产品为研究对象,探讨了3个红外SST的全球覆盖情况,包括统计全年有效观测天数和每日全球海洋覆盖率,将3个红外SST与Argo浮标在全球范围以及大西洋、印度洋、太平洋进行匹配统计分析,同时对匹配点平均偏差与标准偏差随纬度的变化进行研究,最后将3个红外SST进行交叉比对。结果表明:VIIRS在白天和夜间全年观测到的最大有效观测天数高于MODIS-Terra和MODIS-Aqua,该数据白天观测到的范围最大、全球海洋覆盖率也最高,夜间3个红外SST观测范围和覆盖率差别不大;VIIRS SST产品在全球以及3个大洋统计中数据质量较MODIS-Terra和MODIS-Aqua更接近Argo浮标;3个数据白天的SST平均偏差和标准差随纬度变化除了南北高纬度地区,整体浮动相差不大,VIIRS整体偏差在0℃附近,MODIS-Aqua次之,MODIS-Terra大部分都在0℃以下。夜间偏差与标准差随纬度变化平缓,在南北半球高纬度地区波动也小于白天。VIIRS白天和夜间SST值都高于其他2个红外SST。白天,VIIRS与MODIS-Aqua的温度值接近;夜间,则与MODIS-Terra的温度值接近。     

海冰表面和底层形态的特征相关性分析——以2011年早春拉布拉多海海冰实验数据为例

海冰表面和底层形态的特征相关性分析对海冰分类、气候研究以及海冰厚度估计等方面具有重要作用.目前,海冰底层形态的研究较少,且缺乏海冰表面和底层形态的相关性研究.针对这一问题,本文利用加拿大渔业和海洋局提供的积雪表面粗糙度高度(定义为海冰或积雪表面相对于周围平整表面的高度)、海冰底层轮廓、积雪深度以及海冰厚度数据,采用均方...     

Repair wind field in oil contaminated areas with SAR images

In this paper,we compared the normalized radar cross section in the cases of oil spill,biogenic slicks,and clean sea areas with image samples made from 11-pixel NRCS average,and determined their thresholds of the NRCS of the synthetic aperture radar. The results show that the thresholds of oil and biogenic slicks exhibit good consistency with the corresponding synthetic aperture radar images. In addition,we used the normalized radar cross section of clean water from adjacent patches of oil or biogenic slicks areas to replace that of oil or biogenic slicks areas,and retrieve wind field by CMOD5.n and compare wind velocity mending of oil and biogenic slicks areas with Weather Research and Forecasting modeled data,from which the root mean squares of wind speed(wind direction) inversion are 0.89 m/s(20.26°) and 0.88 m/s(7.07°),respectively. Therefore,after the occurrence of oil spill or biogenic slicks,the real wind field could be repaired using the method we introduced in this paper. We believe that this method could improve the accuracy in assessment of a real wind field on medium and small scales at sea,and enhance effectively the monitoring works on similar oil or biogenic slicks incidents at sea surface.     

Landsat-8 与GF-1 卫星渤海海冰探测能力对比研究

为更有效地利用Landsat-8和GF-1卫星进行渤海海冰监测,从海冰检测和海冰类型识别两方面,开展Landsat-8与GF-1卫星的渤海海冰探测能力对比分析研究。实验研究表明,在海冰检测方面,GF-1区分海冰与海水的能力强于Landsat-8;在海冰类型识别方面,Landsat-8识别海冰类型的能力要强于GF-1影像。初步讨论了综合利用Landsat-8与GF-1卫星监测渤海海冰的方案。