地热水中氨氮取样须知

水中氨氮是以游离状态NH_3或铵盐(NH_4~+)形式存在于水中。在一般天然水中,其含量是比较低的。通常取样方法将原样在现场密封,再带回实验室进行测定。而地下热水是一个较复杂的化学平衡体系,其氨氮含量较高,有的在几—几十mg/l以上。若按上     

测定地下热水中二氧化硅的方法比较

地下热水中二氧化硅的测定是一个重要项目,二氧化硅浓度可用作地热温标,为地热能的开发和利用提供信息。 一般天然水中,二氧化硅的含量通常为每升几十毫克左右,可直接用钼蓝分光光度法进行测定。而在地下热水中,二氧化硅的含量通常是较高的,尤其是高温地下热水,其二氧化硅含量在每升几百毫克以上。     

中国九龙江河口营养盐基准值研究

One of the key concerns in estuarine and coastal environments is eutrophication, which is known to be closely connected to nutrient enrichment. To control and improve surface water quality, nutrient criteria are recommended in order to provide reference conditions for the environment. However, the current datasets of nutrient criteria in China are either designed for surface water or sea water, and as such these are not suitable for assessing estuarine water quality, especially given the unique ecosystem and dynamic properties of estuaries. To address this issue in current estuarine water management, nutrient criteria have been developed for a local estuary in the southeast of China. Segmentation of the Jiulong River Estuary, China was firstly analysed through field investigations carried out during 2013–2014, which resulted in the delineation of three segments characterized by their distinct properties in relation to salinity, hydrology, ecosystems, etc. Historical records from 1997 to 2014 were then analysed using statistical modelling to develop candidate nutrient criteria for the estuary.This stage of the analysis was undertaken in combination with the study of nutrient status records from the 1980s,which were used to establish a baseline reference condition. The recommended criteria values of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) in Segments Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ of the Jiulong River Estuary are 64, 21 and 14 μmol/L,respectively, and the corresponding values for soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP) are 0.89, 0.76 and 0.89 μmol/L,respectively. It should be emphasised that these values are site-dependent, and that different results may be achieved at other locations depending on the physical and biogeochemical characteristics of an estuary, or even a single site within a catchment. It is hoped that by demonstrating a possible methodological approach and methods of nutrient criteria derivation in the Jiulong River Estuary, the current study will offer researchers some fundamental basis from which to begin to develop more complete nutrient criteria indices for the study of nutrient conditions in other estuaries throughout China.     

基于反射地震资料探讨泥河湾盆地的新生代和中生代地层

查明泥河湾盆地新生界及中生界地层序列及基底的分布与赋存形态是研究泥河湾盆地形成机制的基础性工作。本研究在泥河湾盆地桑干河与壶流河交接处附近采集了四条测线的反射地震数据,通过对精细处理后的地震剖面进行详细分析,在剖面上厘定了三个具有明显强反射标志的地层,即古近系的玄武岩、侏罗系上统的含煤地层和侏罗系下统的含煤地层;其中,新近系沉积层与古近系玄武岩界面在地震剖面上出现的双程旅行时为0.3~0.6s,深度范围为300~500m,而第四系泥河湾组底界由南西到北东逐渐加深,其界面深度为200~300m;侏罗系上统含煤地层在地震剖面上出现的双程旅行时在0.8s上下波动,其深度约为1200m,探测出侏罗系上统顶界面的深度范围为800~1100m;侏罗系下统含煤地层在地震剖面上出现的双程旅行时为1.0~1.4s,深度范围为1800~2000m,由此推测出中生界侏罗系与古生界寒武系地层分界线的深度为2000m左右;根据地震反射波阻抗差别推测出新元古界和太古界地层的分界面在地震剖面上出现的时间约为2.5s,其深度为4000m左右。本研究通过四条反射地震测线的数据基本上查明了泥河湾盆地位于探测区处第四系泥河湾组底界面的深度分布范围及起伏形态、侏罗系上统顶界面和下统底界面的大致埋深,为查明泥河湾盆地新生界及中生界地层序列提供了基础性的参考信息。     

金厦海域环境协调管理的可行性分析

金厦海域是厦门市和金门县未来发展的优势,是两地走向世界的生命线。50余年来,历史上曾隶属于同安县的金门县与厦门市对于金厦海域的管理处于分割的状态,形成了分立的管理体系与统一的管理对象—金厦海域的矛盾。随着两地经济社会发展的加速,建立协调的金厦海域环境管理体系不仅必要,而且已经具备了现实的可行性。     

基于多源卫星数据的小型水体蓝藻水华联合监测——以天津于桥水库为例

近年来水体富营养化呈扩张趋势,蓝藻水华不仅在太湖等大型湖泊频发,水面面积较小的天津于桥水库等也形势严峻,亟需加强卫星遥感监测.但是,以往在太湖等业务化使用非常成功的MODIS等卫星数据(约500 m),由于空间分辨率较低,难以满足小型水体的监测要求;而Landsat-8等空间分辨率较高的卫星数据(30 m),通常重返周期较长,无法满足水华高频监测需求.本文以天津市于桥水库(面积约80 km2)为研究区,针对常用的卫星数据,从空间、时间、光谱范围和数据可获取性共4个方面,评价不同卫星数据蓝藻水华监测能力和算法,同时对不同卫星监测结果一致性进行评估.结果表明:(1)筛选出国产HJ-1A\B CCD、GF-1 WFV和美国Landsat-8 OLI这3种卫星波段合适,空间分辨率较高,适用于桥水库蓝藻水华监测,但考虑到其重返周期较长,建议多星联合观测;(2)各个卫星监测结果与卫星影像目视解译结果基本一致,均方根误差和相对误差均分别控制在0.78 km2和4.9%以内;(3)不同卫星监测结果一致性良好,一致性精度达到99.5%;(4)根据历史影像结果,发现于桥水库2016年水质开始呈富营养化,藻华现象在夏、秋两季最为严重.研究表明,针对小型水面水体蓝藻水华监测,利用较高分辨率数据联合监测,是一种有效的替代策略,今后可在更多小型水域推广.     

顺应物资供应体制改革搞好煤田地质物资供应

当前,国家对物资体制改革的方向是:在加强重要物资宏观平衡的基础上,有步骤地缩小指令性计划,扩大指导性计划和市场调节,积极促进短线物资的生产,主要用经济手段调节物资供求关系,依托大中城市,逐步建立起有领导有组织的生产资料市场,保证国家重点需要,增强企业活力。按照这一方向,煤田地质系统的统部管物资纳入指令性计划管理的只限于钢材、     

PSEUDOINVERSE DETERMINATION OF THE CIRCULATION IN PRYDZ BAY AND ITS ADJACENT OPEN OCEAN, ANTARCTICA

An inverse model is used to infer the circulation in Prydz Bay and its adjacent open ocean using hydrographic data obtained by the cruise of the 7th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE-7), 1990/91. Barotropie components are found to be strong in the study area, esp. at the Antarctic Divergence, and from a whole view, the velocity is rather small. In the open ocean, the flow is quasizonal, but outside the bay it shows a tendency of pressing onto the shelf from surface to bottom, and a feature of intensification just east of Fram Bank. We suggest here be the most important place to detect the possibility of the Antarctic Bottom Water formation. The meridional profiles of the distribution indicate a strong (relative to the ambient) core and a slope-trapped part into the bargain. In the southeastern part of the bay, there seems to exist a strong coastal current flowing westward. The computed upwelling centers are mainly situated in the west of the study region, as agrees quite well with     

岩浆岩中镁铝含量比

笔者在研究沉积岩中镁铝含量比的同时,还对岩浆岩中镁铝含量比的变化进行了探讨,发现镁铝含量比——m值(m=100×MgO/Al_2O_3)不仅在沉积岩中呈规律性变化,在岩浆岩中也有明显的规律性:超基性岩81.1;基性岩42.8;中性岩22.8;酸性岩中,当SiO_2含量