顶空气相色谱法测定北京市地下水中的氯代烃

以国家标准方法和美国环保局（EPA）方法为基础，建立用自动顶空进样器对饮用水中的氯代烃进行测定的方法，探讨了影响实验空白的因素，所拟方法的检出限为：三氯甲烷0.096μg/L、四氯化碳0.034μg/L，三氯乙烯0.049μg/L，四氯乙烯0.033μg/L。方法回收率控制在82％－106％，其相对标准偏差（RSD，n=7)小于23％，符合国际有机污染物分析的标准，并用此方法对北京市地表水、地下水进行了测定。     

天然铁闪锌矿的热状态方程及相变

利用金刚石压腔及其外加温技术,对天然铁闪锌矿(Zn0.76Fe0.23S)进行了高压(17GPa)同时高温(300～623 K)下的原位能量色散X射线衍射实验研究.依据高温高压下获得的p-V-T数据进行了Birch-Murnaghan状态方程拟合.结果表明,铁闪锌矿晶体中Fe对Zn的类质同象替换可能导致其体积模量增大.获得了铁闪锌矿的体积模量的温度导数为((a)K/(a)T)P=-0.044(23)GPa/K.     

太平洋调查区多金属结核的地球化学特征和成因

东太结核主要为半埋藏和埋藏型,发育于以黏土和硅质组分为主的沉积环境。东太结核的锰相矿物主要有水羟锰矿和钡镁锰矿,具有较高的REY、Cu、Ni含量和Mn/Fe比值,显示遭受间隙水的影响,落入水成成因和成岩成因两个区间范围。西太结核主体暴露在海水中,周围沉积物主要由深海黏土组成。西太结核的锰相矿物几乎只有水羟锰矿,具有较高的REY、Co含量和低Mn/Fe比值,属于典型的水成成因型。两个区域的多金属结核的稀土北美页岩标准化模式均显示Ce正异常、Y负异常和无或弱Eu异常,与海水稀土特征构成良好的耦合关系,是多金属结核对海水稀土选择性富集的结果。西太结核相对东太结核具有更高的Ce含量和δCe,Co、Ti与Ce具有良好的正相关关系。研究认为海水中溶解氧并不一定是控制结核Ce正异常程度的关键因素,Co、Ti等元素及其相关组分能够引起Ce与其他稀土元素的强烈分馏,也可能是影响多金属结核Ce正异常程度的控制因素。研究区多金属结核和富钴结壳表层样的ε_Nd范围为-6.6~-2.5,是全球最富放射性成因Nd的海洋铁锰壳层。结合稀土模式以及Eu异常特征,本研究认为多金属结核的稀土主要来自ε_Nd相对较高的周围陆壳,可以通过河流或者大气沉降等方式输送到大洋,而研究区广泛分布的海山玄武岩释放的放射性成因Nd同位素对海水的影响微弱。     

西太平洋海山年龄及地球化学:地幔过程及岩石成因

Research on seamounts provides some of the best constraints for understanding intraplate volcanism, and samples from seamounts reveal crucial evidence about the geochemical makeup of the oceanic mantle. There are still many seamounts in the West Pacific Seamount Province(WPSP) that have not been studied, meaning their ages and geochemistry remain unknown. A better understanding of these seamount trails and their evolutionary history, investigated with age and geochemistry data, will enable better understanding of the geological processes operating underneath the Pacific Ocean Plate. Here, new ~(40)Ar/~(39) Ar ages and trace element and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data for seven basalt rocks from four seamounts in the WPSP are provided. Chemically, these rocks are all Oceanic Island Alkali basalt(OIA type); analysis of olivine phenocrysts shows that the magmas experienced strong olivine fractionation and changed from olivine + plagioclase to olivine + plagioclase + clinopyroxene cotectic during their evolution. Rare earth element(REE) patterns and a spider diagram of the samples in this study show OIB(Ocean Island Basalt) like behavior. The range of ~(87)Sr/~(86) Sr values is from 0.704 60 to 0.706 24, the range of ~(206)Pb/~(204) Pb values is from 18.241 to 18.599, and the range of ~(143)Nd/~(144) Nd values is from 0.512 646 to 0.512 826; together, these values indicate magma sources ranging from EMI to EMII. Finally, new ~(40)Ar/~(39) Ar age data show that these seamounts formed at ～97 and ～106 Ma, indicating that some may have undergone the same formation processes as seamounts in the eastern part of the Magellan Seamount Trail, but other seamounts likely have different origins.     

博兴局全力保障重点项目建设用地

2010年以来,博兴县国土资源局抓住黄河三角洲高效生态经济区建设上升为国家战略的有利时机,以深入开展“三个建设年”和“发展环境优化年”活动为总抓手,主动服务,积极作为,多措并举,突出做好重点项目用地保障,有力地促进了全县经济社会平稳较快发展。     

4GPa,室温至33O℃条件下方解石Ⅲ的原位Ⅹ衍射

利用能量色散X射线衍射技术,结合金刚石压腔外加热技术,在4.07～4.75 GPa,25～330℃条件下,进行了方解石Ⅲ的X衍射测量.结果表明,在实验的温压范围内,方解石Ⅲ稳定存在.随温度升高,方解石的晶胞参数逐渐增大.     

2.0 GPa块状斜长角闪岩部分熔融

利用多顶砧压机, 以青藏高原北喜马拉雅构造带的天然斜长角闪岩为样品, 在2.0 GPa, 800~1000℃条件下进行了两个系列的块状样品脱水部分熔融实验: (1) 保持压力p = 2.0 GPa, 加热时间t = 12 h不变, 改变温度(800℃~1000℃)的实验; (2) 保持压力p = 2.0 GPa, 温度T = 850℃不变, 改变加热时间(12~200 h)的实验. 结果表明, 2.0 GPa, 加热12 h的条件下, 随温度升高, 斜长角闪岩中依次生成了石榴石、 熔体和单斜辉石, 熔体的成分呈英云闪长质-花岗闪长质-英云闪长质的演化趋势. 2.0 GPa, 850℃条件下, 随加热时间增加, 斜长角闪岩中依次生成了石榴石、熔体和单斜辉石, 熔体的成分由英云闪长质向花岗闪长质演化.当块状岩石样品中熔体体积百分比的含量达到5%时, 熔体已经相互连通.温度大于850℃的条件下生成的熔体其粘度在104 Pas量级, 已经满足了在地质时间尺度上熔体分凝形成岩浆的粘度要求. 因此, 可以认为在增厚地壳的下 部, 斜长角闪岩的脱水部分熔融可以形成英云闪长质-花岗质岩浆.     

气相色谱法测定地下水多环芳烃准确度的保证措施

针对环境中常见且对人体危害极大的USEPA优先控制污染物16种多环芳烃(PAHs)在地下水中的监测方法进行了研究,主要从影响方法准确度的空白溶剂的选择、标准样品测定、基质加标回收率方面进行了实验研究,利用数理统计的t 检验进行显著性检验,并对研究区水中的多环芳烃进行了测定。结果表明,该方法宜选用市售纯净水做空白溶剂,基质加标回收率在71 5%~99 7%范围内,标准样品测定的相对误差在1 0%~17 2%;经系统误差检验确定本方法不存在系统误差,可以达到测定地下水中多环芳烃的目的。实际样品的测定结果说明煤矸石中的多环芳烃随降水淋滤以及酸性矿坑排水进入地下水和地表水的可能性是存在的,其迁移转化机理需进一步深入研究。     

维嘉平顶海山富钴铁锰结壳空间分布特征:基于“蛟龙号”载人潜水器近海底观测资料的分析

基于对具有高精度水下定位功能的载人潜水器“蛟龙号”近海底观测视像资料数据的分析研究,本文首次报道了维嘉平顶海山山顶平台凸起区域、顶坡过渡带以及斜坡上部地形单元内的富钴结壳分布特征,对我国富钴结壳资源勘查评价具有重要意义。研究表明:(1)不同地形单元发育的富钴结壳具有明显不同的分布特征;(2)山顶平台凸起区发育有连续分布的富钴结壳,可作为我国富钴结壳资源勘查工作的关注区;(3)顶坡过渡带—斜坡上部区域发育有连续分布的富钴结壳,然而往往被白色波纹状沉积物隔成数段;(4)顶坡过渡带钴结核发育较少,与马尔库斯—威克海山群平顶海山存在明显的不同。     

Estimation of potential distribution of gas hydrate in the northern South China Sea

Gas hydrate research has significant importance for securing world energy resources, and has the potential to produce considerable economic benefits. Previous studies have shown that the South China Sea is an area that harbors gas hydrates. However, there is a lack of systematic investigations and understanding on the distribution of gas hydrate throughout the region. In this paper, we applied mineral resource quantitative assessment techniques to forecast and estimate the potential distribution of gas hydrate resources in the northern South China Sea. However, current hydrate samples from the South China Sea are too few to produce models of occurrences. Thus, according to similarity and contrast principles of mineral outputs, we can use a similar hydrate-mining environment with sufficient gas hydrate data as a testing ground for modeling northern South China Sea gas hydrate conditions. We selected the Gulf of Mexico, which has extensively studied gas hydrates, to develop predictive models of gas hydrate distributions, and to test errors in the model. Then, we compared the existing northern South China Sea hydrate-mining data with the Gulf of Mexico characteristics, and collated the relevant data into the model. Subsequently, we applied the model to the northern South China Sea to obtain the potential gas hydrate distribution of the area, and to identify significant exploration targets. Finally, we evaluated the reliability of the predicted results. The south seabed area of Taiwan Bank is recommended as a priority exploration target. The Zhujiang Mouth, Southeast Hainan, and Southwest Taiwan Basins, including the South Bijia Basin, also are recommended as exploration target areas. In addition, the method in this paper can provide a useful predictive approach for gas hydrate resource assessment, which gives a scientific basis for construction and implementation of long-term planning for gas hydrate exploration and general exploitation of the seabed of China.