南极磷虾的生长与复眼直径关系的研究

本文对南极磷虾复眼的直径与磷虾体长之间的关系、在负生长状态下磷虾复眼直径的变化等进行了研究。实验结果表明：在正常情况下（磷虾身体不出现负生长），磷虾复眼的直径与体长之间存在指数函数关系。雌性磷虾的眼径（ＥＤ）与体长（ＢＬ）之间的关系为：ＥＤ＝０．５８９８ｅ０．０２８２ＢＬ（ｒ＝０．９６１３，ｎ＝２４１９）；雄虾的眼径与体长之间的关系为：ＥＤ＝０．５４４ｅ０．０３０９ＢＬ（ｒ＝０．９６２２，ｎ＝１９２０）。在相同体长的情况下，雄性磷虾的复眼直径比雌虾的大。从活体培养的结果来看，当南极磷虾出现负生长时，复眼直径保持不变，即眼径不受负生长的影响。在正常情况下（不存在负生长），雌虾的体长与眼径之间的比率（ＢＬ／ＥＤ）平均为２１．３２±０．０４（ｎ＝１３４７），雄虾的体长与眼径之间的比率平均为２０．６８±０．０７（ｎ＝７４８），未成体虾的体长与复眼直径之间的比率平均为２１．５４±０．０６（ｎ＝１０７２）。利用体长与眼径之间的比率可以准确地将在实验室内活体培养后已存在负生长的磷虾与其它处于正常状态的磷虾分开。体长与眼径之间的比率也可以作为磷虾种群是否存在负生长的监测指标     

超高压榴辉岩中金红石的纳米级微构造特征及成因机制探讨

本应用透射电子显微镜(TEM)详细研究了,中国苏鲁毛北地区金红石榴辉岩中金红石的超微构造特征。在该金红石榴辉岩中发育有两种不同类型的金红石晶体。第一种类型的金红石(Rt(A))与石榴石和绿辉石共生,其晶体内部发育有极密集的晶体缺陷,调制结构和变形双晶。变形双晶面分别为(100)和(010)。表明该类金红石晶体曾遭受过强烈的应力作用,推测它们可能是在大陆板块俯冲或折返过程中形成中发育的。而另一类金红石(Rt(B))存在于石榴石和绿辉石晶体中的包体,其晶格十分完整,没有变形痕迹。可能是由于该类金红石寄主于较大颗粒的石榴石或绿辉石晶体中,在大陆板块俯冲或折返过程中因受到寄住主晶的保护,没有发生晶格畸变。     

"磁暴基础数据库"项目成果介绍

本文详细介绍了“磁暴基础数据库”项目的立项背景、目标、所开展的主要工作、取得的成果、研究成果的社会效益和对该领域研究未来工作的展望。     

Gold-Platinoid Mineralization of Metasomatically Altered Ultramafites in Precambrian Protrusions of Mamynsky Geoblok

On the contiguous territories of Russia and Chi-na,along the left and right banks of the Amur Riv-er (Heilongjiang Province of China,and Amur Oblast' of Russia),among the Late Mesozoic ter-rigenous and volcano-plutonic formations,several Precambrian prot…     

塔河地区奥陶系油田水分布与运动学特征研究

塔河油田是我国最大的陆上整装碳酸盐岩油田,其油田水分布与运动特征反映了油气运移规律。该区奥陶系油田水现今总体矿化度高,南北向存在从低到高再到低的3个矿化带,各带内平面分割性强,纵向层间差异大。塔河油田奥陶系的流体经历了多期次活动,奥陶系储层共捕获了4～5期盐水包裹体,其均一温度范围集中在60～80℃,90～105℃,110～140℃和145～170℃,盐度集中在0.5%～4%、5%～10%、10%～13%、14%～18%、>18%,反映出奥陶系储层曾经历过了4～5期热流体活动,对照埋藏史与油气运移史,高盐度流体活动与油气运移具有良好的匹配关系,油田水化学指标(油田水变质系数、碳酸盐岩平衡系数等)反映出塔河油区现今保存条件良好。井剖面包裹体纵向温度、盐度纵向不规则变化表明流体的活动以侧向运移为主。流体势分析说明运移方向不仅包括塔河东、南面是烃源岩方向,而且具有高流体势的西面也可能是油气来源方向。     

LA-ICPMS Zircon U-Pb Dating for Three Indosinian Granitic Plutons from Central Hunan and Western Guangdong Provinces and Its Petrogenetic Implications

1 Introduction Much attention has been paid to the structure, magmatism and sedimentation associated with the Indosinian Orogeny within the South China Block (SCB) since Deprat (1914) and Fromagat (1932) proposed the term “Indosinian movement” based on two unconformities between pre-Norian and pre-Rhaetian times during the early Triassic in Vietnam. However, this timing has been debated in terms of the Indosinian tectonic evolution within the SCB (Guo et al., 1983; Hsü et al., 1990…     

Statistical Study and Prediction of Variability of Erythemal Ultraviolet Irradiance Solar Values in Valencia,Spain

The goal of this study was to statistically analyse the variability of global irradiance and ultraviolet erythemal (UVER) irradiance and their interrelationships with global and UVER irradiance, global clearness indices and ozone. A prediction of short-term UVER solar irradiance values was also obtained. Extreme values of UVER irradiance were included in the data set, as well as a time series of ultraviolet irradiance variability (UIV). The study period was from 2005 to 2014 and approximately 250,000 readings were taken at 5-min intervals. The effect of the clearness indices on global irradiance variability (GIV) and UIV was also recorded and bi-dimensional distributions were used to gather information on the two measured variables. With regard to daily GIV and UIV, it is also shown that for global clearness index (k_t) values lower than 0.6 both global and UVER irradiance had greater variability and that UIV on cloud-free days (k_t higher than 0.65) exceeds GIV. To study the dependence between UIV and GIV the χ² statistical method was used. It can be concluded that there is a 95% probability of a clear dependency between the variabilities. A connection between high k_t (corresponding to cloudless days) and low variabilities was found in the analysis of bi-dimensional distributions. Extreme values of UVER irradiance were also analyzed and it was possible to calculate the probable future values of UVER irradiance by extrapolating the values of the adjustment curve obtained from the Gumbel distribution.     

碱式水解法提取红土分子化石: 以安徽宣城更新世网纹红土为例

红土中种类丰富的分子化石为红土古生态研究提供了直接证据, 但较低含量的分子化石限制了传统索氏抽提方法的推广应用.本次研究尝试性地运用碱式水解法提取安徽宣城更新世红土中的分子化石, 在25g样品中检测到了含量明显、种类丰富的有机物, 且该方法可以显著地降低空白污染, 这说明碱式水解法在分子化石含量低的地质体(如红土) 研究中具有一定的应用潜力.本次研究检测出除了传统索式抽提得到的正构烷烃、脂肪酸、脂肪醇等以外, 还提取到了二元羧酸这一重要化合物, 它的存在为网纹红土可能形成于多水环境提供了新的证据.测试样品中各类分子化石组合信息显示出红土有机物以微生物为主的来源特征, 表明网纹红土形成过程受到了微生物活动的影响, 同时伴有大量低等菌、藻来源有机质的输入, 初步结果为红土形成环境研究提供了新的证据.      

宁夏南部干旱-半干旱黄土梁峁区生态环境调查与生态建设模式——以西吉县城郊乡和马建乡生态环境调查为例

宁夏南部黄土高原区严重的水土流失、土地退化对当地的生产、生态、社会发展、人民生活带来极大的困难和危害,因此如何开展生态建设、促进社会经济发展,成为当地政府最为紧迫的任务之一。西吉县城郊乡和马建乡是干旱-半干旱黄土梁峁区典型代表地区,部分地区已经失去了依靠自身力量进行生态恢复和发展的可能性,因而需要在调查研究的基础上,制定合理的规划和生态建设模式,针对性的增加外部投入,进行生态重建。本文在对西吉县城郊乡和马建乡开展生态地质调查的基础上,分析研究了宁夏南部干旱-半干旱黄土梁峁区的主要生态环境问题,依据该区地质、地貌、气候、植被条件,初步总结了该地区适宜的生态建设模式,即高效生态农业建设模式,经济林园艺化管理的农果复合型生态农业建设模式,草灌（木）和畜牧业林木型生态农业模式,林草、林灌（木）和草灌（木）相互结合生态模式。     

Composition of Titan''s surface from Cassini VIMS

Titan's bulk density along with Solar System formation models indicates considerable water as well as silicates as its major constituents. This satellite's dense atmosphere of nitrogen with methane is unique. Deposits or even oceans of organic compounds have been suggested to exist on Titan's solid surface due to UV-induced photochemistry in the atmosphere. Thus, the composition of the surface is a major piece of evidence needed to determine Titan's history. However, studies of the surface are hindered by the thick, absorbing, hazy and in some places cloudy atmosphere. Ground-based telescope investigations of the integral disk of Titan attempted to observe the surface albedo in spectral windows between methane absorptions by calculating and removing the haze effects. Their results were reported to be consistent with water ice on the surface that is contaminated with a small amount of dark material, perhaps organic material like tholin. We analyze here the recent Cassini Mission's visual and infrared mapping spectrometer (VIMS) observations that resolve regions on Titan. VIMS is able to see surface features and shows that there are spectral and therefore likely compositional units. By several methods, spectral albedo estimates within methane absorption windows between 0.75 and 5 μm were obtained for different surface units using VIMS image cubes from the Cassini-Huygens Titan T_a encounter. Of the spots studied, there appears to be two compositional classes present that are associated with the lower albedo and the higher albedo materials, with some variety among the brighter regions. These were compared with spectra of several different candidate materials. Our results show that the spectrum of water ice contaminated with a darker material matches the reflectance of the lower albedo Titan regions if the spectral slope from 2.71 to 2.79 μm in the poorly understood 2.8-μm methane window is ignored. The spectra for brighter regions are not matched by the spectrum of water ice or unoxidized tholin, in pure form or in mixtures with sufficient ice or tholin present to allow the water ice or tholin spectral features to be discerned. We find that the 2.8-μm methane absorption window is complex and seems to consist of two weak subwindows at 2.7 and 2.8 μm that have unknown opacities. A ratio image at these two wavelengths reveals an anomalous region on Titan that has a reflectance unlike any material so far identified, but it is unclear how much the reflectances in these two subwindows pertain to the surface.