南海神狐海域水合物三相混合层测井评价方法研究

天然气水合物降压试采过程中,水合物、游离气和水的三相混合层中的游离气首先被采出,从而提高降压效率,促进水合物分解;因此利用岩心刻度测井的方法开展南海神狐海域水合物三相混合层测井评价方法研究,对水合物矿体储量计算以及产业化开采具有重要意义.三相混合层与水合物层相比,其密度和中子孔隙度值均减小,纵波速度明显下降;与气层相比...     

A comparative analysis of pre- and post-industrial spatiotemporal drought trends and patterns of Tibet Plateau using Sen slope estimator and steady-state probabilities of Markov Chain

Natural Hazards - The increase of frequency and severity of extreme weather events due to climate change gives evidence of severe challenges faced by infrastructure systems. Among them, the...     

Design of optimal sand fences around a desert solar park—a case study from Phase IV of the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park

Natural Hazards - Solar energy parks in desert areas must resist the encroachment of moving sand and burial by migrating dunes. It is therefore important to design economical, effective sand fences...     

深层白云岩储层油充注对孔隙保存作用研究

受震旦纪末期桐湾运动影响,四川盆地震旦系灯影组白云岩因遭受大气降水岩溶作用而发育了丰富的溶蚀孔隙。虽然经历了漫长的埋藏成岩演化过程,深层灯影组白云岩中仍见有丰富的储集空间未被成岩矿物充填而保存下来。通过对钻井及野外剖面进行系统岩石矿物学研究发现,储集空间保存段是灯影组上部的沥青显示段;而没有沥青的下部白云岩中的孔隙空间多被白云石等成岩矿物所充填。对林1井研究发现,上部沥青发育段白云岩储层孔隙度多大于3.0%,最高可达10.6%,平均为4.0%;但下部沥青不发育的自生白云石充填段孔隙度一般都小于3.0%,平均为1.95%。下部白云岩段溶蚀孔洞中自孔洞边缘向中心,所充填的白云石中流体包裹体均一温度从120℃逐渐增加至238℃;电子探针分析Fe、Mn平均含量从0.063%和0.025%逐渐升高至0.35%和0.108%;氧同位素组成δ18 OVPDB从-6.8‰逐渐降低至-11.2‰;表明了下部沥青未充填段成岩充填作用在埋藏过程中持续进行。油气充注改变了白云岩储层中的成岩流体环境并抑制了成岩矿物的形成;在后期埋藏过程,油逐渐转变成沥青覆盖在孔洞壁周围,也抑制了成岩矿物的沉淀形成;因而在现今沥青存在的深层白云岩储层中仍有丰富的孔隙空间保存下来。     

吉林红旗岭镁铁-超镁铁质岩体地球化学特征及其岩石成因意义

红旗岭铜镍硫化物矿床位于兴-蒙造山带东部。矿区出露30多个镁铁-超镁铁质侵入体,主要由橄榄岩、辉石岩和辉(苏)长岩组成。本文通过对红旗岭含矿镁铁-超镁铁质岩体的主、微量及铂族元素(PGE)的研究,探讨了红旗岭岩体成矿母岩浆性质、PGE亏损的原因以及岩体形成的构造环境。全岩主、微量元素地球化学分析表明,红旗岭岩体具有高MgO(平均28.75%)、低TiO2(平均0.44%),富集轻稀土元素(LREE)、亏损高场强元素(HFSE),极低ΣPGE(平均2.08×10~(-9))和高Cu/Pd(平均2916×10~3)的特征。岩石样品显示相似的微量和PGE配分模式,表明其来源于相同的岩浆源区。根据橄榄石-熔体平衡及质量平衡原理估算出红旗岭母岩浆为高镁玄武质岩浆(MgO=10.74%、FeO=7.78%)。红旗岭母岩浆在早期演化过程中发生硫化物熔离作用导致了红旗岭含矿岩体PGE的极度亏损。结合中亚造山带东段构造演化历史,本文认为红旗岭岩体形成于晚三叠世碰撞后伸展环境,矿床的形成受到了古亚洲洋俯冲结束后板片断离的影响。     

Rare—Earth Element Geochemistry of Elogites from the Ultra—High Pressure Metamorphic Belt in Central China

Based on their REE contents and REE patterns,eclogites from the ultra-high pressure metamorphic belt in central China may be roughly divided into xis types including LREE-rich.LREE-rich positive Eu anomaly,LREE-rich negative Eu anomaly,REE pattern-smooth,MREE-rich and HREE-rich.The LREE_rich,LREE-rich positive Eu anomaly and LREE-rich negative Eu anomaly types of eclogites are dominant .REE types of eclogites in different areas can be compared and the REE feactures of the same REE type of eclogites in different areas are similar.The results of reconstruction of the primary rocks show that the primary rocks of eclogites possibly are dominated by continental tholeiites which are the product of partial melting of relatively fertile mantle and the rocks of tholeiite crystallization-differentiation.There is perfect evolution relationship among the primary rocks of the LREE-rich, LREE-rich positive Eu anomaly and LREE-rich negative Eu anomaly types of eclogites and among those of the REE pattern smooth and MREE-rich types of eclogites,the former three types were deried from continental settings and the latter two from nearly oceanic settings.Meanwhile,it is concluded that the mantle sources of primary rocks of the eclogites are inhomogeneous and the primary rocks of eclogites in this area appear to have undergone varying degree of crustal contamination.     

欧洲莱茵河流域洪水管理行动计划述评

旨在提高和改善莱茵河的防洪和流域可持续管理水平的“洪水管理行动计划”于1998年开始实施,其内容和措施以及欧洲国家在流域可持续发展管理方面的思路和模式对我国江河流域的防洪和洪泛区管理可资借鉴.     

滇西南云县三叠纪火山岩组合及系列的厘定及其构造意义

本文重新厘定了云县三叠纪火山岩的组合和系列,识别了4个层位中的酸性熔结凝灰岩,重新划分了火山喷发旋回和韵律。中三叠统忙怀组(T_2m)为富硅富铝高钾流纹质火山岩组合,该旋回由5个喷发韵律层组成;上三叠统小定西组(T_3x)为高钾玄武岩-钾玄岩-安粗岩及火山碎屑岩组合,该旋回由6个喷发韵律层组成。芒汇河组(T_3mh)为钾质粗面玄武岩-高钾流纹质火山岩组合,该旋回由6个喷发韵律层组成。T_2m火山岩属碰撞型弧火山岩,T_3x和T_3mh火山岩属钾玄岩系列火山岩,具有滞后型弧火山岩之属性。     

从昭通地震破坏实例看山区地震地面破坏特点

1974年5月11日3时25分,东经104度,北纬28.2度我国云南省昭通境内发生M=7.1地震。宏观震中为大关县以北,木杆公社钟(杜)家坪附近。震中烈度为IX度。震区为拔海2000米的滇东北高原地区,地面经受强烈切刻,山高坡陡,尤其震区西部,地形尤显陡峻。地形的坡度一般均在30°以上,主要河流的坡降平均为2.53%。该区地质情况比较复杂。地层分布主要为二迭纪阳新统灰岩,峨眉山玄武岩,三迭纪飞仙关砂页岩等等。     

K-Ar isotopic geochronology of Lianhuashan tungsten mining district,Guangdong Province

Reported in this paper are K-Ar ages of volcanic rocks, biotite-granite and greisen from the Lianhuashan tungsten mine in Guangdong Province. The isotopic dilution method was adopted in this work. Whole-rock isochron ages of the volcanic rocks are in the range 120.4±12.1 m.y. The petrogenetic age of biotite-granite and the minero genetic age of tungsten ore are close to those of the volcanic rocks. The apparent ages of various types of rock in the mining district generally bias towards younger values, which may be attributed to the effects of late thermal events which took place in the circum-Pacific metallogenetic belt.