DORIS Contribution to ITRF2005

We examine the contribution of the Doppler Orbit determination and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS) technique to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF2005) by evaluating the quality of the submitted solutions as well as that of the frame parameters, especially the origin and the scale. Unlike the previous versions of the ITRF, ITRF2005 is constructed with input data in the form of time-series of station positions (weekly for satellite techniques and daily for VLBI) and daily Earth orientation parameters (EOPs), including full variance–covariance information. Analysis of the DORIS station positions’ time-series indicates an internal precision reaching 15 mm or better, at a weekly sampling. A cumulative solution using 12 years of weekly time-series was obtained and compared to a similar International GNSS Service (IGS) GPS solution (at 37 co-located sites) yielding a weighted root mean scatter (WRMS) of the order of 8 mm in position (at the epoch of minimum variance) and about 2.5 mm/year in velocity. The quality of this cumulative solution resulting from the combination of two individual DORIS solutions is better than any individual solution. A quality assessment of polar motion embedded in the contributed DORIS solutions is performed by comparison with the results of other space-geodetic techniques and in particular GPS. The inferred WRMS of polar motion varies significantly from one DORIS solution to another and is between 0.5 and 2 mas, depending on the strategy used and in particular estimating or not polar motion rate by the analysis centers. This particular aspect certainly needs more investigation by the DORIS Analysis Centers.     

Predicting plant water content in Eucalyptus grandis forest stands in KwaZulu-Natal,South Africa using field spectra resampled to the Sumbandila Satellite Sensor

The measurement of plant water content is essential to assess stress and disturbance in forest plantations. Traditional techniques to assess plant water content are costly, time consuming and spatially restrictive. Remote sensing techniques offer the alternative of a non-destructive and instantaneous method of assessing plant water content over large spatial scales where ground measurements would be impossible on a regular basis. In the context of South Africa, due to the cost and availability of imagery, studies focusing on the estimation of plant water content using remote sensing data have been limited. With the scheduled launch of the South African satellite SumbandilaSat evident in 2009, it is imperative to test the utility of this satellite in estimating plant water content. This study resamples field spectral data measured from a field spectrometer to the band settings of the SumbandilaSat in order to test its potential in estimating plant water content in a Eucalyptus plantation. The resampled SumbandilaSat wavebands were input into a neural network due to its ability to model non-linearity in a dataset and its inherent ability to perform better than conventional linear models. The integrated approach involving neural networks and the resampled field spectral data successfully predicted plant water content with a correlation coefficient of 0.74 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.41% on an independent test dataset outperforming the traditional multiple regression method of estimation. The best-trained neural network algorithm that was chosen for assessing the relationship between plant water content and the SumbandilaSat bands was based on a few points only and more research is required to test the robustness and effectiveness of this sensor in estimating plant water content across different species and seasons. This is critical for monitoring plantation health in South Africa using a cheaply available local sensor containing key vegetation wavelengths.     

QoS感知的多任务遥感信息服务优化组合非合作博弈模型

提出了QoS感知的多任务服务优化组合非合作博弈模型,准确刻画了不同任务之间的竞争关系,在此基础上设计了顾及QoS的遥感信息服务优化组合反应函数,为求解遥感信息服务优化组合奠定理论基础。理论和实验分析表明,该模型有利于减少任务并发时的资源冲突,最大化所有任务的平均效用。     

A new approach to GPS ambiguity decorrelation

Ambiguity decorrelation is a useful technique for rapid integer ambiguity fixing. It plays an important role in the least-squares ambiguity decorrelation adjustment (Lambda) method. An approach to multi-dimension ambiguity decorrelation is proposed by the introduction of a new concept: united ambiguity decorrelation. It is found that united ambiguity decorrelation can provide a rapid and effective route to ambiguity decorrelation. An approach to united ambiguity decorrelation, the HL process, is described in detail. The HL process performs very well in high-dimension ambiguity decorrelation tests. Received: 9 March 1998 / Accepted: 1 June 1999     

重力场对飞行器制导的影响及海洋重力测线布设

重点围绕远程飞行器飞行轨道控制保障需求,开展了空中扰动引力计算和地面重力异常测量精度指标及海洋重力测量测线布设方案的分析与论证。首先通过解析和简化飞行器导航误差解表达式,定量估计了地球重力场对远程飞行器飞行轨迹的影响,并以一定量值的落点偏差为限定指标,研究论证了空中扰动引力的计算精度要求。在此基础上,通过对地面重力异常截断误差及数据传播误差的估计和分析,研究确定了地面/海面网格平均重力异常的观测分辨率和计算精度指标。以此为依据,提出了相对应的海洋重力测量测线布设方案,并通过数值计算验证了所提方案的合理性和有效性。     

面向WebGL的矢量数据三维绘制技术

矢量数据的叠加显示能够提高三维虚拟地球的表达效果与分析能力。受限于GPU的计算精度,在三维虚拟地球中矢量数据绘制普遍存在抖动现象和深度冲突现象。对基于WebGL的矢量数据三维绘制中计算精度问题进行了分析,提出了使用CPU RTC技术和GPU RTE技术提高顶点变换的精度,使用多视锥渲染算法和深度平面技术解决深度缓存精度问题。实验证明,这几种技术和算法可以有效缓解抖动现象和深度冲突现象导致的视觉干扰,改善了各种尺度和范围的矢量数据在三维地形上的叠加显示效果。     

利用人工鱼群算法优化高斯过程模型及应用分析

基于高斯过程利用传统共轭梯度法搜索超参数,存在对初始值依赖性强、获得局部最优解的不足。本文采用人工鱼群算法对超参数进行智能寻优,建立了基于人工鱼群算法的高斯过程模型对变形体形变进行预测分析。通过隧道和基坑两个工程实例计算比对分析,NN、SE和RQ 3种核函数中NN核函数的预测效果最好,平均相对误差分别为0.69%和1.06%。结果表明超参数优化模型的预测精度得到了较大的提高,改善了高斯过程算法本身存在的超参数求解方面的不足,效果明显。     

高光谱热红外星上辐亮度图像模拟及初步应用

基于卫星数据的热红外图像模拟可以为热红外大气校正、地表温度和发射率反演和前期验证提供数据支撑,同时也可以为热红外传感器的波段设置和优化提供参考.热红外图像模拟是进行热红外定量遥感研究的有效手段.本研究利用Terra星上搭载的ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and ...     

Palaeomagnetism of Holocene lake sediments from north Poland

Summary. Detailed palaeomagnetic investigations of 17 cores of Holocene lake sediments from four lakes in Poland show a pattern of declination variations similar to those found in Lake Windermere, England and in addition a well defined pattern of inclination variations. A total of nine inclination swings are observed compared to five declination swings and their phase relationships are such that both sets of swings cannot be periodic. Exact dating of the palaeomagnetic record is not possible as radiocarbon ages are over 1000 yr older than those deduced from palynological studies. Thermomagnetic and X-ray studies on magnetic concentrates confirm the results of studies of remanence cooling, IRM acquisition and coercivity experiments which are consistent with fine grained magnetite as the main magnetic mineral in the sediments.