全文获取类型
收费全文 | 29157篇 |
免费 | 1182篇 |
国内免费 | 2333篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 1814篇 |
大气科学 | 2985篇 |
地球物理 | 5479篇 |
地质学 | 14257篇 |
海洋学 | 1793篇 |
天文学 | 1796篇 |
综合类 | 2610篇 |
自然地理 | 1938篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 51篇 |
2023年 | 129篇 |
2022年 | 295篇 |
2021年 | 296篇 |
2020年 | 291篇 |
2019年 | 302篇 |
2018年 | 5044篇 |
2017年 | 4270篇 |
2016年 | 2894篇 |
2015年 | 547篇 |
2014年 | 431篇 |
2013年 | 330篇 |
2012年 | 1304篇 |
2011年 | 3034篇 |
2010年 | 2346篇 |
2009年 | 2646篇 |
2008年 | 2184篇 |
2007年 | 2592篇 |
2006年 | 256篇 |
2005年 | 380篇 |
2004年 | 552篇 |
2003年 | 547篇 |
2002年 | 410篇 |
2001年 | 196篇 |
2000年 | 205篇 |
1999年 | 186篇 |
1998年 | 159篇 |
1997年 | 124篇 |
1996年 | 97篇 |
1995年 | 95篇 |
1994年 | 70篇 |
1993年 | 80篇 |
1992年 | 54篇 |
1991年 | 43篇 |
1990年 | 31篇 |
1989年 | 34篇 |
1988年 | 23篇 |
1987年 | 23篇 |
1986年 | 19篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 22篇 |
1980年 | 25篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1958年 | 2篇 |
1957年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
891.
Christophe COLIN 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(11):1674-1684
High-resolution clay mineral records combined with oxygen isotopic stratigraphy over the past 450 ka during late Quaternary from Core MD05-2901 off Middle Vietnam in the western South China Sea are re-ported to reconstruct a history of East Asian monsoon evolution. Variations in Illite, chlorite, and kaolinite contents indicate a strong glacial-interglacial cyclicity, while changes in smectite content present a higher frequency cyclicity. The provenance analysis indicates a mixture of individual clay minerals from various sources surrounding the South China Sea. Smectite derived mainly from the Sunda shelf and its major source area of the Indonesian islands. Illite and chlorite originated mainly from the Mekong and Red rivers. Kaolinite was provided mainly by the Pearl River. Spectral analysis of the kaolin-ite/(illite chlorite) ratio displays a strong eccentricity period of 100 ka, implying the ice sheet-forced win-ter monsoon evolution; whereas higher frequency changes in the smectite content show an ice sheet-forced obliquity period of 41 ka, and precession periods of 23 and 19 ka and a semi-precession period of 13 ka as well, implying the tropical-forced summer monsoon evolution. The winter monsoon evolution is generally in coherence with the glacial-interglacial cyclicity, with intensified winter monsoon winds during glacials and weakened winter monsoon winds during interglacials; whereas the summer monsoon evolution provides an almost linear response to the summer insolation of low latitude in the Northern Hemisphere, with strengthened summer monsoon during higher insolation and weakened summer monsoon during lower insolation. The result suggests that the high-latitude ice sheet and low-latitude tropical factor could drive the late Quaternary evolution of East Asian winter and summer monsoons, respectively, implying their diplex and self-contained forcing mechanism. 相似文献
892.
The soil permeability of many natural marine sediments decreases with depth because of consolidation under overburden pressure. This is accompanied by a decrease in porosity and void ratio that also affect the permeability. Conventional theories for wave-induced soil response have assumed a homogeneous porous seabed. This paper presents a new approach for the wave-induced response in a soil matrix, with variable permeability as a function of burial depth. The soil matrix considered is unsaturated and anisotropic, and is subject to a three-dimensional wave system. The pore pressure and effective stresses induced by such a system are obtained from a set of equations incorporating a variable permeability. Verification is available through reduction to the simple case of uniform permeability. The results indicate that the effect of variable soil permeability on pore pressure and vertical effective stress may be significant, especially in a gravelled seabed and for unsaturated sandy soils. 相似文献
893.
Along with the consumption increase of the petroleum products,more countries have transferred their attentions to the offshore fields,especially the deepwater oil and gas reserves.For deepwater exploitation,the risers must be installed to act as the conduits connecting surface platforms to subsea facilities.In this paper,the typical risers sorted by different classes are introduced,and the correspondent installation methods are presented.By investigating the recent projects performed in the deepwater hot spots,and combining the challenges of HYSY201 for riser installation,a lifting device developed for assisting riser installation is proposed and detailed to satisfy the installation of deepwater risers in the LW3-1 Gas Field of in the South China Sea.Tests on both the functions and performances of such a new system exhibit the satisfaction of meeting all challenging requirements of HYSY201 for application to riser installation in waters up to a depth of in the South China Sea. 相似文献
894.
Pierre Giresse Makaya Mvoubou Jean Maley Alfred Ngomanda 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2009,41(2):369-392
Seven vibro-cores were collected from three shallow lakes of the Gabon (Kamalété, Nguène, Maridor) along a 300-km west–east
transect close to the Equator. These lakes are located in very distinct landscapes: coastal forest-savanna mosaic, rain forest
and savanna with colonising forest, respectively. Core chronologies were established by radiocarbon dating. Study of these
lacustrine archives (textural variables, clay minerals, organic matter components, δ13C, pollen) allowed comparison of late Holocene environmental changes recorded at each site and with results from other studies.
Lake Kamalété indicates minor climatic deterioration (increased drying and greater seasonality) between 1,410 and 500 cal.
years BP, which is also recognised in southern Cameroon and east-central Africa. Lake Nguène was surrounded by dense moist
forest throughout the last 4,110 years, but shows significant deterioration from ~2,800 cal. years BP, a phenomenon seen at
nearby sites. Lake Maridor shows a decline of forest initiated a little after 3,800 cal. years BP, which indicates timing
that is distinct from the two other sites. This was probably a response to local conditions (i.e. outlet damming). Although
the three lakes display generally parallel climatic trends perhaps linked to SST oscillations, there is not perfect coherence
between these three sites. Differences among the three basins may be attributable to local factors like groundwater hydrology
and slope instabilities of such shallow lake systems in this equatorial region. 相似文献
895.
A solution to the fixed-time minimum-fuel two-impulse rendezvous problem for the general non-coplanar elliptical orbits is
provided. The optimal transfer orbit is obtained using the constrained multiple-revolution Lambert solution. Constraints consist
of lower bound for perigee altitude and upper bound for apogee altitude. The optimal time-free two-impulse transfer problem
between two fixed endpoints implies finding the roots of an eighth order polynomial, which is done using a numerical iterative
technique. The set of feasible solutions is determined by using the constraints conditions to solve for the short-path and
long-path orbits semimajor axis ranges. Then, by comparing the optimal time-free solution with the feasible solutions, the
optimal semimajor axis for the two fixed-endpoints transfer is identified. Based on the proposed solution procedure for the
optimal two fixed-endpoints transfer, a contour of the minimum cost for different initial and final coasting parameters is
obtained. Finally, a numerical optimization algorithm (e.g., evolutionary algorithm) can be used to solve this global minimization
problem. A numerical example is provided to show how to apply the proposed technique. 相似文献
896.
R. K. Ray T. H. Syed Dipankar Saha B. C. Sarkar A. K. Patre 《Hydrogeology Journal》2017,25(8):2513-2525
Extracted groundwater, 90% of which is used for irrigated agriculture, is central to the socio-economic development of India. A lack of regulation or implementation of regulations, alongside unrecorded extraction, often leads to over exploitation of large-scale common-pool resources like groundwater. Inevitably, management of groundwater extraction (draft) for irrigation is critical for sustainability of aquifers and the society at large. However, existing assessments of groundwater draft, which are mostly available at large spatial scales, are inadequate for managing groundwater resources that are primarily exploited by stakeholders at much finer scales. This study presents an estimate, projection and analysis of fine-scale groundwater draft in the Seonath-Kharun interfluve of central India. Using field surveys of instantaneous discharge from irrigation wells and boreholes, annual groundwater draft for irrigation in this area is estimated to be 212 × 106 m3, most of which (89%) is withdrawn during non-monsoon season. However, the density of wells/boreholes, and consequent extraction of groundwater, is controlled by the existing hydrogeological conditions. Based on trends in the number of abstraction structures (1982–2011), groundwater draft for the year 2020 is projected to be approximately 307 × 106 m3; hence, groundwater draft for irrigation in the study area is predicted to increase by ~44% within a span of 8 years. Central to the work presented here is the approach for estimation and prediction of groundwater draft at finer scales, which can be extended to critical groundwater zones of the country. 相似文献
897.
Mining exploitation has a negative impact on the natural environment. Voids created in the rockmass result in displacements and deformations of land surface. During planning and conducting the exploitation, the range of exploitation influence in the form of linear deformations is being determined. On the basis of mining-geological parameters of exploitation, the exploitation range of influences is calculated. According to the literature, many different ranges of exploitation influences can be determined depending on what has been the purpose of it. Different types of exploitation influence ranges can be distinguished, such as theoretical, damage or measurable. In the paper, the matters connected with determining those three types of the influence range are taken under consideration. The comparison of magnitudes of determined influence ranges is illustrated with two practical examples. 相似文献
898.
云南双沟变质橄榄岩中蛇纹石的稀土元素空间分布 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
本文探讨变质橄榄岩的LREE富集型及U型分布的REE球粒陨石模型,是橄榄石固有的还是后期蚀变形成的。并寻求复原蚀变前橄榄石的REE丰度及型式。我们用蛇纹石颗粒代表蚀变后的橄榄石,用分选法和化学分层剥离法对样品进行予处理。用中子活化分析(NAA)手段进行了测试。结果表明:分选法确定了LREE的主要赋存载体是蛇纹石。分层剥离最后内核的REE丰度及模型,可近似地作为原来(未蚀变前)橄榄石的REE丰度及模型。 相似文献
899.
900.
Stanley N. Davis Stephen Moysey DeWayne L. Cecil Marek Zreda 《Hydrogeology Journal》2003,11(2):217-227
Natural production of the radionuclide chlorine-36 (36Cl) has provided a valuable tracer for groundwater studies. The nuclear industry, especially the testing of thermonuclear
weapons, has also produced large amounts of 36Cl that can be detected in many samples of groundwater. In order to be most useful in hydrologic studies, the natural production
prior to 1952 should be distinguished from more recent artificial sources. The object of this study was to reconstruct the
probable preanthropogenic levels of 36Cl in groundwater in the United States. Although significant local variations exist, they are superimposed on a broad regional
pattern of 36Cl/Cl ratios in the United States. Owing to the influence of atmospherically transported ocean salt, natural ratios of 36Cl/total Cl are lowest near the coast and increase to a maximum in the central Rocky Mountains of the United States.
Electronic Publication 相似文献